1、大学六级-928 及答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍2有人认为这对孩子有帮助，有人则不以为然3我的看法On Private Tutoring_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Wal-MartWal-Mart is more than just the worlds largest retailer. It is an economic force, a cultural phenomenon and a lightnin
2、g rod for controversy. It all started with a simple philosophy from founder Sam Walton: Offer shoppers lower prices than they get anywhere else. That basic strategy has shaped Wal-Marts culture and driven the companys growth.Now that Wal-Mart is so huge, it has unprecedented power to shape labor mar
3、kets globally and change the way entire industries operate. History of Wal-MartSam Walton opened his first five-and-dime in 1950. His vision was to keep prices as low as possible. Even if his margins werent as fat as competitors, he figured he could make up for that in volume. He was right.In the ea
4、rly 1960s, Walton opened his first Wal-Mart in Rogers, Arkansas. The company continued to grow, going public in 1970 and adding more stores every year. In 1990, Wal-Mart surpassed key rival Kmart in size. Two years later, it surpassed Sears.Walton continued to drive an old pickup truck and share bud
5、get-hotel rooms with colleagues on business trips, even after Wal-Mart made him very rich. He demanded that his employees also keep expenses to a bare minimuma mentality that is still al the heart of Wal-Mart culture more than a decade after Waltons death. The company has continued to grow rapidly a
6、fter his death in 1992 and now operates four retail divisionsWal-Mart Supercenters, Wal-Mart discount stores, Neighborhood Market stores and Sams Club warehouses.Wal-Mart StrategyLets start with technology. Wal-Mart pushed the retail industry to establish the universal bar code, which forced manufac
7、turers to adopt common labeling. The bar allowed retailers to generate all kinds of informationcreating a subtle shift of power from manufacturers to retailers. Wal-Mart became especially good at exploiting the information behind the bar code. And thus it is considered a pioneer in developing sophis
8、ticated technology to track its stock and cut the fat out of its supply chain.Recently, Wal-Mart became the first major retailer to demand manufacturers use radio frequency identification technology (RFID). The technology, uses radio frequencies to transmit data stored on small tags attached to pall
9、ets (货盘) or individual products. RFID tags hold significantly more data than bar codes.The frugal culture, established by Walton. also plays into Wal-Marts success. The company has been criticized for the relatively poor wages and health care plans that it otters to rank-and file employees. It has a
10、lso been accused of demanding that hourly workers put in overtime without pay. Store managers often work more than 70 hours per week.This culture is also present at the companys headquarters. Wal-Mart is headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, instead of an expensive city like New York. The building
11、 is unattractive and dull. You wont catch executives in quality cars and you wont see them dragging into work at 9:30 a.m. Executives fly coach and often share hotel rooms with colleagues. They work long hours, typically arriving at work before 6:30 a.m. and working halfdays on Saturdays.The central
12、 goal of Wal-Mart is to keep retail prices lowand the company has been very successful at this. Experts estimate that Wal-Mart saves shoppers at least 15 percent on a typical cart of groceries. Everythingincluding the technology and corporate culturefeeds into that ultimate goal of delivering the lo
13、west prices possible. Wal-Mart also pushes its suppliers, some say cruelly, to cut prices. In The Wal-Mart Effect, author Charles Fishman discusses how the price of a four-pack of GE light bulbs decreased from $2.19 to 88 cents during a five-year period.The PowerBecause of Wal-Marts massive size, it
14、 has incredible power. It has driven smaller retailers out of business; forced manufacturers to be more efficient, often leading these suppliers to move manufacturing jobs overseas; and changed the way that even large and established industries do business.There is plenty of anecdotal evidence that
15、a new Wal-Mart in town spells doom for local pharmacies, grocery stores, sporting goods stores, etc. Economist Emek Basker, Ph.D., attempted to quantify the impact. Her study found that in a typical United States county, when a Wal-Mart opens, three other retailers close within two years and four cl
16、ose within five years. While the Wal-Mart might employ 300 people, another 250 people working in retail lose their jobs within five years in that county.Wal-Mart has life or death decisions over (almost) all the consumer goods industries that exist in the United States, because it is the number-one
17、supplier-retailer of most of our consumer goodsnot just clothes, shoes, toys, but home appliances, electronic products, sporting goods, bi cycles, groceries, food.The stories of how Wal-Mart pushes manufacturers into selling the same product at lower and lower prices are legendary. One example is La
18、kewood Engineering by the turn of the century the 66 ex tended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still 67 there for work, shopping, and 68 The new accessibility of land around the periphery (外围) of almost every, major city 69 an explosion of
19、 real estate development and fueled what we now 70 as urban sprawl (城市蔓延). Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new 71 lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, 72 of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits 73 wit
20、hin the metropolitan area. Anxious to take 74 of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty yearslots that could have housed five to six million people.Of course, many were never 75 ; there was always a huge surp
21、lus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These 76 pre sent a feature of residential expansion 77 to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was 78 unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little care to coordinated land use or to futu
22、re land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders 79 transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand 80 much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this 81 . Real estate subdi
23、vision there proceeded much faster than population growth.（分数：70.00）A.mobilizedB.terminatedC.facilitatedD.acceleratedA.vesselsB.aviationC.railwaysD.phonesA.distantB.separatedC.scatteredD.isolatedA.scarcelyB.almostC.nearlyD.evenA.spotB.radiusC.circleD.gaugeA.transportB.walkC.commuteD.cycleA.explorati
24、onB.entrainmentC.travelD.communicationA.describedB.sparkedC.reinforcedD.extinguishedA.rewardB.honorC.expectD.knowA.residentialB.vacantC.environmentalD.parkingA.noneB.mostC.rareD.partialA.butB.andC.orD.notA.developmentB.advantageC.futureD.techniqueA.replacedB.involvedC.occupiedD.protectedA.excessesB.
25、allowancesC.valleysD.terraceA.againstB.oppositeC.paralleledD.relatedA.purposelyB.essentiallyC.successivelyD.comparativelyA.whereB.whenC.whatD.howA.notB.inC.tooD.asA.scheduleB.processC.routineD.system十三、Part Translation(总题数：5，分数：35.00)2.He offered the advice that 1 (信宅区内应设立更多的体育设施).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3.
26、It is mean of her to 1 (说慌和玩弄老朋友).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_4. 1 (只有积极投身社会实践) can the students be competitive in the job market after graduation.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_5.After the operation, 1 (他能否康复一定程度上取决于) his willpower now.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_6.The last question we have to discuss is 1 (谁将接任该协会主席职位).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_
27、大学六级-928 答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍2有人认为这对孩子有帮助，有人则不以为然3我的看法On Private Tutoring_（分数：106.00）_正确答案：(范文与解析l Nowadays its very common for parents to hire private tutors for their children. 2 Some people believe that private tutoring is helpful for a child to
28、 make rapid progress in his study, while others hold opposite views.3 As far as I am concerned, private tutoring is not advisable for most people. 4 First, private tutoring is not necessary. 5 If a student listen carefully to his teachers in classes, finish his homework on time, and study hard, he c
29、an perform well in his study without any private tutoring. 6 Second, private tutoring may put a child under great stress. 7 Once, a child told me that he hated private tutoring because it takes so much of his time that he can not play with his friends very often. In return he just wont listen to his
30、 private tutor.8 In one word, private tutoring is not a heal-all, so I think parents should think twice before they rush to hire a private tutor for their kids.)解析：写作指南这篇作文要求讨论“请家教”的问题。Outline 足“现象正反两种观点-自己的观点”模式。这种题目有两种写作思路。第一种思路，把重点放在“不同的看法”上，然后略写自己的观点(支持其中一个观点，或者当“和事佬”，说具体问题具体分析)。这时，要重点考虑：支持请家教的观
31、点有什么?(激发学生学习兴趣、培养学生交际能力、提高成绩、充分利用时间，等等。)反对请家教，有什么理由?(没有必要，课堂上学好的话，不必请家教；作用不大，如果学生自己没有主动性，请厂家教也没有用；占用过多学生自主学习、游玩的时间，不利于学生的健康发展；等等。)第二种思路是把写作重点放在“我”的看法上。就如范文那样，先简要介绍存在的不同看法，然后着重论述自己的观点。当然，自己的观点可以是支持，也可以是反对，但总的说来，要言之成理，要有逻辑性，沿言要衔接、连贯、自然。Analysis1 对应 outline 的第 1 条，简要说明现象2 对应 outline 的第 2 条，说明存在两种不同的看法。
32、3 对应 outline 的第 3 条，提出自己的看法。文章剩余部分就用来论证自己的看法。4 6 是3 的支持句。用 first， second 关联。5 7 分别对两个分论点予以展开；8 用 in one word 总结自己的观点。二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Wal-MartWal-Mart is more than just the worlds largest retailer. It is an economic force, a cultural phenomenon and a lightning rod for controversy.
33、 It all started with a simple philosophy from founder Sam Walton: Offer shoppers lower prices than they get anywhere else. That basic strategy has shaped Wal-Marts culture and driven the companys growth.Now that Wal-Mart is so huge, it has unprecedented power to shape labor markets globally and chan
34、ge the way entire industries operate. History of Wal-MartSam Walton opened his first five-and-dime in 1950. His vision was to keep prices as low as possible. Even if his margins werent as fat as competitors, he figured he could make up for that in volume. He was right.In the early 1960s, Walton open
35、ed his first Wal-Mart in Rogers, Arkansas. The company continued to grow, going public in 1970 and adding more stores every year. In 1990, Wal-Mart surpassed key rival Kmart in size. Two years later, it surpassed Sears.Walton continued to drive an old pickup truck and share budget-hotel rooms with c
36、olleagues on business trips, even after Wal-Mart made him very rich. He demanded that his employees also keep expenses to a bare minimuma mentality that is still al the heart of Wal-Mart culture more than a decade after Waltons death. The company has continued to grow rapidly after his death in 1992
37、 and now operates four retail divisionsWal-Mart Supercenters, Wal-Mart discount stores, Neighborhood Market stores and Sams Club warehouses.Wal-Mart StrategyLets start with technology. Wal-Mart pushed the retail industry to establish the universal bar code, which forced manufacturers to adopt common
38、 labeling. The bar allowed retailers to generate all kinds of informationcreating a subtle shift of power from manufacturers to retailers. Wal-Mart became especially good at exploiting the information behind the bar code. And thus it is considered a pioneer in developing sophisticated technology to
39、track its stock and cut the fat out of its supply chain.Recently, Wal-Mart became the first major retailer to demand manufacturers use radio frequency identification technology (RFID). The technology, uses radio frequencies to transmit data stored on small tags attached to pallets (货盘) or individual
40、 products. RFID tags hold significantly more data than bar codes.The frugal culture, established by Walton. also plays into Wal-Marts success. The company has been criticized for the relatively poor wages and health care plans that it otters to rank-and file employees. It has also been accused of de
41、manding that hourly workers put in overtime without pay. Store managers often work more than 70 hours per week.This culture is also present at the companys headquarters. Wal-Mart is headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, instead of an expensive city like New York. The building is unattractive and d
42、ull. You wont catch executives in quality cars and you wont see them dragging into work at 9:30 a.m. Executives fly coach and often share hotel rooms with colleagues. They work long hours, typically arriving at work before 6:30 a.m. and working halfdays on Saturdays.The central goal of Wal-Mart is t
43、o keep retail prices lowand the company has been very successful at this. Experts estimate that Wal-Mart saves shoppers at least 15 percent on a typical cart of groceries. Everythingincluding the technology and corporate culturefeeds into that ultimate goal of delivering the lowest prices possible.
44、Wal-Mart also pushes its suppliers, some say cruelly, to cut prices. In The Wal-Mart Effect, author Charles Fishman discusses how the price of a four-pack of GE light bulbs decreased from $2.19 to 88 cents during a five-year period.The PowerBecause of Wal-Marts massive size, it has incredible power.
45、 It has driven smaller retailers out of business; forced manufacturers to be more efficient, often leading these suppliers to move manufacturing jobs overseas; and changed the way that even large and established industries do business.There is plenty of anecdotal evidence that a new Wal-Mart in town
46、 spells doom for local pharmacies, grocery stores, sporting goods stores, etc. Economist Emek Basker, Ph.D., attempted to quantify the impact. Her study found that in a typical United States county, when a Wal-Mart opens, three other retailers close within two years and four close within five years.
47、 While the Wal-Mart might employ 300 people, another 250 people working in retail lose their jobs within five years in that county.Wal-Mart has life or death decisions over (almost) all the consumer goods industries that exist in the United States, because it is the number-one supplier-retailer of m
48、ost of our consumer goodsnot just clothes, shoes, toys, but home appliances, electronic products, sporting goods, bi cycles, groceries, food.The stories of how Wal-Mart pushes manufacturers into selling the same product at lower and lower prices are legendary. One example is Lakewood Engineering sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modem pharmacy offers a lot of anti-anxiety drugs. 30What many people dont realize, however, is
