1、大学六级模拟 973 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Reciting Traditional Chinese Poems following the outline given below. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 1)现在很多
2、父母和学校老师都热衷于让孩子背诵古诗； 2)有人支持这种做法，也有人反对； 3)我的看法。 （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：2，分数：104.00)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.Satisfied.B.Enthusiastic.C.Disappointed.D.Indifferent.A.Close relationship with the manager.B.Compe
3、tence in the work.C.Good educational background.D.Unusual flattering tricks.A.He is a director in the company.B.He is unqualified for his job.C.He is the manager“s close friend.D.He is a relative of the man“s.A.Stupid orders given by his manager.B.The empty feeling of being useless.C.Orders given ou
4、t by his wife.D.The insufficient pension.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.How the bones repair themselves.B.What human bones are made of.C.How much people have learnt about bones.D.How to combat with bone diseases.A.It breaks down the bone tissue.B.It p
5、roduces the new tissue.C.It fills in the bone holes.D.It completely repairs the bones.A.They have difficulty identifying these cells.B.They aren“t sure how these cells work.C.They“ve learned how to reproduce these cells.D.They“ve found similar cells in other species.A.A way to prevent a bone disease
6、.B.An understanding between bone tissue and other tissue.C.A way to understand how specialized bone cells have evolved.D.A solution by creating artificial bone tissue.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：73.50)Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：31.50）A.Delayed treatments.B.The quake
7、s themselves.C.Lack of food and water.D.Collapse of buildings.A.Earthquakes may happen anywhere at any time.B.The precise place and time of an earthquake.C.Whether the majority of people know about first aid.D.Whether people live and work near earthquake belts.A.They have compared animal behaviors w
8、ith humans.B.They knew how to avoid earthquakes.C.They tried many ways to decrease earthquakes.D.They showed increasing success in predicting earthquakes.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.Young people tended to do what they like.B.Companies preferred male w
9、orkers to female.C.Young men got better pay than young women.D.Good looking people earned more than bright ones,A.The self-assured ones.B.The high-income ones.C.The average ones.D.The popular ones.A.Brighter people got better pay.B.Pay scales were not fair at all.C.Males were brighter than females.D
10、.Pays depended on one“s age.A.He has to be 40 percent smarter.B.He has to work for longer time.C.He needs to have a better education.D.He should have something special.五、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.13%.B.33%.C.25%.D.35%.A.Be
11、cause they are effective against most diseases.B.Because the effects of antibiotics are exaggerated.C.Because doctors tend to give exaggerated prescriptions.D.Because antibiotics are sold at a relatively low price.A.A time when common infectious could kill people.B.A time when no country is ready to
12、 fight antibiotics.C.A time when no new antibiotic will be invented.D.A time when most serious diseases can be cured.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Lent more money to the government.B.Decreased its main interest rates.C.Gave favorable loans to private
13、companies.D.Decreased its asset-buying program.A.To help banks to keep more money.B.To put more money into the economy.C.To make less depositors withdraw money.D.To reduce the ever-rising inflon rate.A.They are confident in its economic security.B.They think more aggressive measures are needed.C.The
14、y are dissatisfied with its economic growth.D.They are afraid of both deflation and inflation.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.College graduates earn more money.B.The return on higher education is bad.C.College graduates tend to lose their jobs.D.Pursuin
15、g a degree in college costs a lot.A.Law.B.Trade.C.Engineering.D.Arts.A.It does research among small numbers of graduates.B.It ignores schools unfairly affected by local job markets.C.It overstates the financial value of higher education.D.It compares poor colleges to rich ones offering grants.A.They
16、 can give colleges instructions on their teaching.B.They can show whether college is worthwhile or not.C.They can help people cherish what they possess.D.They can help people make informed choices.六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Fears, in general, keep us from reaching
17、our full potential. Fear of success is probably one of the hardest fears to identify, a fear that lies in unconsciousness and one that has the power to really keep us stuck. Dealing with fear of success requires us to look at ourselves and take responsibility for areas within us, but most times we a
18、ttribute to other people or 1 events. After all, you may be thinking, who would sabotage (蓄意破坏) their own efforts to succeed and more 2 why would anyone do that? It“s important to understand that fear of successlike many other fearsis unconscious. Success implies visibility; being seen by others inv
19、olves a level of vulnerability and 3 that we ought to engage in, in order to let the ones around believe in our abilities and trust that what we do is valuable and worthy. Before others are able to do any of these things, we must be the first to believe and trust in our own abilities. For the most p
20、art, we can control how we 4 ourselves in front of the world, the message we are trying to 5 , and so on. Yet earning someone“ trust and furthering our accomplishments requires cohesiveness between the images we are trying to convey and what others perceive. You may be very apt at maintaining a cert
21、ain image and yet the people around 6 much more than what you want to 7 , Human beings are able to pick up on subtle cues in our non-verbal communication, including how we feel toward ourselves. What that means is that if at the core we have 8 about ourselves, insecurities about our abilities and lo
22、w levels of 9 in what we do, then unconsciously, we will attempt to guard these areas from the eyes of others. This is where fear of success comes into play: aware of some of these shortcomings and in an attempt to hide our “weakness“ we end up acting in an 10 manner and in the process, create a les
23、s than cohesive and consistent image. In short, we end up blocking ourselves. A. commonsense B. confidence C. convey D. describe E. doubts F. explore G. expose H. exposure I. external J. importantly K. inauthentic L. negatively M. perceive N. present O. suspicion（分数：35.50）八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)
24、All ChangeA. The basic model of the electricity industry was to send high voltages over long distances to passive customers. Power stations were big and costly, built next to coal mines, ports, oil refineries orfor hydroelectric generationreservoirs. Many of these places were a long way from the ind
25、ustrial and population centers that used the power. The companies“ main concern was to supply the juice, and particularly to meet peaks in demand. B. That model, though simple and profitable for utilities and generators, was costly for consumers. But it is now changing to a “much more colorful pictu
26、re“, says Michael Weinhold of Siemens. Not only are renewables playing a far bigger role; thanks to new technology, demand can also be tweaked (进行改进) to match supply, not the other way round. Traditional power stations and grids still play a role in this world, but not a dominant one. They have to c
27、ompete with new entrants, and with existing participants doing new things. Flattening the peaks C. The most expensive electricity in any power system is that consumed at peak time, so instead of cranking up (启动) a costly and probably dirty power station, the idea is to pay consumers to switch off in
28、stead. For someone running a large cooling, heating or pumping system, for example, turning the power off for a short period will not necessarily cause any disruption. But for the grid operator the spare power gained is very useful. D. This has been tried before: in France, a heat wave in 2003 hit t
29、he cooling systems of nuclear power stations and led to power shortages. In response, big energy consumers agreed to cut their power consumption at peak times, in exchange for generous rebates (部分退款). The Japanese have installed 200,000 home energy-management systems that do something similar on a d
30、omestic scale. But new technology takes it to another level, allowing a lot of small power savings from a large number of consumers to be bundled together. E. Nest is selling its programmes all over North America, and more recently in Britain, too. Customers of its “Rush Hour Rewards“ programme can
31、choose between being given notice a day in advance of a two-to four-hour “event“ (meaning their thermostat will be turned down or up automatically) or being told ten minutes ahead of a 30-minute one. This can cut the peak load by as much as 55%. F. NRG, America“s biggest independent power company, i
32、s also moving into the market. David Crane, its chief executive, admits that some consumers find the idea of saving power “un-American“, but thinks that for companies like his the “mindless pursuit of megawatts“ is a dead end. In 2013 NRG bought a demand-response provider, Energy Curtailment Special
33、ists, which controls 2GW of “negawatts“. G. The big question for demand-response companies is the terms on which they compete with traditional generators, which argue that markets such as PJM are starving the power system of badly needed investment. For example, FirstEnergy, a company in Ohio, suspe
34、nded modernization plans at a coal-fired plant which failed to win any megawatts in the auction for 2017-2018. Such plants are viable only if utilities are paying top dollars for peak electricitya cost which is eventually passed on to the consumer. Companies like FirstEnergy hope that the Supreme Co
35、urt will overturn a ruling by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission that negawatts be treated like megawatts in capacity auctions. These worries are already spooking the market. EnerNOC, which bundles together small energy savings from many different customers to offer negawatts, has seen its sha
36、re price fall by half since May. H. In any case, the days of the vertically integrated model of energy supply are numbered, observes Dieter Helm. Thanks to abundant solar power, he argues, the energy market increasingly resembles the economics of the Internet, where marginal costs are zero. That “un
37、dermines the very idea of wholesale electricity markets“. The future model will be much more fragmented. Independent generators, plus new entrants, are already “revolutionizing the way electricity is sold and used“; new technologies will make the 21st-century model even more different. “No wonder ma
38、ny of the energy giants of the past are already in such trouble,“ he says. No longer so useful I. The combination of distributed and intermittent generation, ever cheaper storage and increasingly intelligent consumption has created a perfect storm for utilities, particularly those in Europe, says Ed
39、uard Sala de Vedruna of IHS, a consultancy. They are stuck with the costs of maintaining the grid and meeting peak demand, but without the means to make customers pay for it properly. Their expensively built generating capacity is oversized; spare capacity in Europe this winter is 100GW, or 19% of t
40、he constituent countries“ combined peak loads. Much of that is mothballed (检修好存置备用的) and may have to be written off. Yet at the same time new investment is urgently needed to keep the grid reliable, and especially to make sure it can cope with new kinds of power flowfrom “prosumers“ back to the grid
41、, for example. J. To general surprise, demand is declining as power is used more efficiently. Politicians and regulators are unsympathetic, making the utilities pay for electricity generated by other peopled assets, such as rooftop solar, to keep the greens happy. At the same time barriers to entry
42、have collapsed. New energy companies do not need to own lots of infrastructure. Their competitive advantage rests on algorithms (算法), sensors, processing power and good marketingnot usually the strong points of traditional utilities. All the services offered by these new entrantsdemand response, sup
43、ply, storage and energy efficiencyeat into the utilities, business model. K. The problem for the stated electricity utilities is that they still have to provide a reliable supply when the sun is not shining. But consumers, thanks to “net metering“, may have an electricity bill of zero. That means th
44、e utilities, revenues suffer, and consumers without solar power cross-subsidize those with it. Rows about this are flaring across America. Many utilities are asking regulators to impose a fixed monthly charge on consumers, rather than just let them pay variable tariffs. Since going completely off-gr
45、id still involves buying a large amount of expensive storage, the betting is that consumers will be willing to pay a monthly fee so they can fall back on the utilities when they need to. L. Consumers, understandably, are resisting such efforts. In Arizona the utilities wanted a $ 50 fixed monthly ch
46、arge; the regulator allowed $ 5. In Wisconsin they asked for $ 25 and got $ 19. Even these more modest sums may help the utilities a bit. But the bigger threat is that larger consumers (and small ones willing to join forces) can go their own way and combine generation, storage and demand response to
47、 run their own energy systems, often called “microgrids“. They may maintain a single high-capacity gas or electricity connection to the outside world for safety“s sake, but still run everything downstream from themselves. M. Some organizations, such as military bases, may have specific reasons to wa
48、nt to be independent of outside suppliers, but for most of them the main motive is to save money. Places like University of California, San Diego (UCSD) not only save money with their microgrids but advance research as well. A server analyses 84,000 data streams every second. A company called ZBB En
49、ergy has installed innovative zinc-bromide batteries; another company is trying out a 28kW supercapacitor (超级电容器)a storage device far faster and more powerful than any chemical battery. N. In one sense, UCSD is not a good customer for the local utility, San Diego Gas but how can you take a pride in what you“re doing when every two or three years they put a new manager with newly fresh ideas in charge of the factoryand he tells you what you“ve been doing is all wrong? W: Why have you stayed
