1、大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A 类研究生英语-17 及答案解析(总分：69.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：14，分数：14.00)1.She is _ a musician than her brother.（分数：1.00）A.much ofB.much asC.more ofD.more as2.Bob: Wow, look, all the things are on sale. Jane: Yes, look at here, this is 50% off. _. Bob: And look at the shoes. They are
2、 30% off the normal price.（分数：1.00）A.I“d like to buy a skirt.B.There are some real bargains.C.Are the prices reasonable?D.These shoes are the same as mine.3.Bill: What“s the time? Blanche: 8 o“clock, so we“d better get a move on if we“re going to meet your sister at the airport. Bill: That“s alright
3、. Her flight doesn“t arrive until 8:30. Blanche: Yeah, but it“ll take us an hour to get there-you know what the traffic is like. Bill: OK. _. Blanche: What“s wrong with those shorts? Bill: I don“t like driving in shorts. I“m going to put some jeans on.（分数：1.00）A.I“ll just go and get changed.B.I“ll w
4、ash my hands.C.Please wait me a moment.D.I“ll be back soon.4.We can do without luxuries and entertainment. However, food, shelter, and clothing are _.（分数：1.00）A.dependableB.indispensableC.optionalD.welcome5.The work is not very profitable _ cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.（分数：1.00
5、）A.according toB.on the basis ofC.in terms ofD.in the light of6.Have you ever been in a situation, _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?（分数：1.00）A.by whichB.thatC.in whereD.where7.Tennis star Chris Evert, who retired from the game after eighteen years, perhaps _ more th
6、an anyone to make women“s professional tennis a widely respected career.（分数：1.00）A.who didB.has doneC.and doingD.to do8.I don“t see any _ in going on a picnic in such bad weather.（分数：1.00）A.dotB.pointC.lotD.spot9.It was recommended that passengers _ smoke during the flight.（分数：1.00）A.notB.need notC.
7、could notD.would not10.Fool _ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.（分数：1.00）A.whoB.asC.thatD.like11.When Columbus reached the New World, corn was the _ in the America.（分数：1.00）A.widely most grown plantB.most widely grown plantC.most grown widely plantD.plant widely grown most12.I took _ of
8、the opportunity to tell him what I thought.（分数：1.00）A.gainB.advantageC.benefitD.profit13.People throughout the world are eating _ meat per person as they did in 1950.（分数：1.00）A.more than twiceB.twice much asC.twice as muchD.twice more14._ the symphony, no one in the audience spoke.（分数：1.00）A.ByB.For
9、C.DuringD.From二、Part Reading Compe(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growt
10、h. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept “sense of trust“ is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child“s satisfy
11、ing experiences at this early age. Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses oc
12、cur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy. Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that “Inf
13、ants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc.“ Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 1
14、2 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion. Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose
15、relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants sh
16、ould react so badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered. In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who a
17、re ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment“s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific a
18、ge. We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers“ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us
19、that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children“s needs and by their overall attitude. Questions :（分数：5.00）(1).The sense of trust in an infant is under development when _.（分数：1.00）A.t
20、he infant experiences some satisfactionB.adults“ trust is adequateC.the infant learns how to moveD.the infant is surrounded by people he can recognize(2).The author raises evidence of mental illness and other disorders in children _.（分数：1.00）A.to introduce a discussion of the effect of institutions
21、on childrenB.to show the effect on children of an unhappy relation with their mothers during infancyC.to warn parents of the dangers of neglecting and abusing their childrenD.to support the point that trust is an early formed and important element of a healthy personality(3).The climax in the develo
22、pment of a sense of trust occurs _.（分数：1.00）A.before maternal affection is providedB.when a child perceives that he or she is separate from the environmentC.when a child successfully controls his or her muscular coordinationD.as a result of maternal separation(4).A possible reason that a child havin
23、g an unhappy relation with his/her mother will not be affected by maternal separation at 6 to 9 months is that _.（分数：1.00）A.the struggle between trusting and mistrusting has reached a climaxB.the child sees himself/herself as being separate from the environmentC.the child“s sense of trust is destroy
24、edD.no sense of trust has ever developed(5).According to this passage, the most important factor in developing a sense of trust is _.（分数：1.00）A.the type of techniques used by the motherB.the sensitivity of the childC.maternal loveD.the combined effect of natural feeling and cultural attitudes四、Secti
25、on B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The cost of staging the year 2000 Olympics in Sydney is estimated to be a staggering $960 million, but the city is preparing to reap the financial benefits that ensue from holding such an international event by emulating the commercial success of Los Angeles, the only city yet to
26、have made a demonstrable profit from the Games in 1984. At precisely 4:20 a.m. on Friday the 24th of September 1993, it was announced that Sydney had beaten five other competing cities around the world, and Australians everywhere, not only Sydneysiders, were justifiably proud of the result. But, if
27、Sydney had lost the bid, would the taxpayers of NSW and of Australia have approved of governments spending millions of dollars in a failed and costly exercise? There may have been some consolation in the fact that the bid came in $1 million below the revised budget and $5 million below the original
28、budget of $29 million formulated in mid-1991. How ever, the final cost was the considerable sum of $ 24 million, the bulk of which was paid for by corporate and community contributions, merchandising, licensing, and the proceeds of lotteries, with the NSW Government, which had originally been willin
29、g to spend up to $10 million, contributing some $ 2 million. The Federal Government“s grant of $ 5 million meant, in effect, that the Sydney bid was financed by every Australian taxpayer. Prior to the announcement of the winning city, there was considerable debate about the wisdom of taking financia
30、l risks of this kind at a time of economic recession. Others argued that 70 percent of the facilities were already in place, and all were on government-owned and, removing some potential areas of conflict which troubled previous Olympic bidders. The former NSW Premier, Mr. Nick Greiner, went on reco
31、rd as saying that the advantage of having the Games. “is not that you are going to have $ 7.4 billion in extra gross domestic product over the next 14 years. I think the real point of the Games is the psychological change, the catalyst of confidence, apart from the other more obvious reasons, such a
32、s the building of sporting facilities, tourism, and things of that nature. “ However, the dubiousness of the benefits that Melbourne, an unsuccessful bidder for the 1988 Olympic Games, received at a time when the State of Victoria was still in economic turmoil meant many corporate bodies were unenth
33、usiastic. There is no doubt that Sydney“s seductive physical charms caused the world“s media to compare the city favorably to its rivals Beijing, Berlin, Manchester, and Istanbul. Mr. Godfrey Santer, the Australian Tourist Commission“s Manager of Corporate Planning Services, stated that soon after t
34、he bid was made, intense media locus was already having a beneficial effect on in-bound tourism. Developers and those responsible for community development projects eagerly pointed to the improvements taking place to the existing infrastructure of the city, the creation of employment, and especially
35、 the building of sporting facilities, all of which meet the needs of the community and help to attract more tourists. At Homebush Bay $ 300 million was spent providing the twin athletic arenas and the “high-tech“ Aquatic Centre. However, perhaps the most impressive legacy was the new attitude shown
36、towards both industrial relations and environmental problems. The high-profile nature of the bid; and the perception that it must proceed smoothly Created a unique attitude of co-operation between the workforce and employers involved in the construction of the Olympic Village at Homebush Bay. The im
37、provements included the lack of strikes, the breaking down of demarkation barriers, and the completion of projects within budget and ahead of time.（分数：5.00）(1). 1 is the only city yet to have made a demonstrable profit from the Olympic Games in 1984.（分数：1.00）(2).The Federal Government“s grant to Syd
38、ney“s bid for the Olympic Games meant that the Sydney bid was financed by 1.（分数：1.00）(3).The bid for the Games was made during 1.（分数：1.00）(4).The potential for conflict was less because the Olympic sites were all 1.（分数：1.00）(5).There was a positive effect on 1 not long after the bid for the Games wa
39、s made.（分数：1.00）五、Section C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Historically, dictionaries have been thought of as dull and mechanical which is perhaps why many teachers are reluctant to exploit them in their classes. But these books have come a long way in recent years. This passage is about how learner“s dictionaries c
40、an be a stimulating source of activities. You know that guilty feeling-your students could really benefit from the excellent learner“s dictionaries now available, but somehow you can“t find the time to check on their reference skills. I can“t count the number of times teachers have said to me, “In t
41、heory, we do dictionary skills lessons every term, but actually it often seems to go by the board. “ Perhaps that“s partly because dictionary activities used to be rather dull and mechanical. So did the dictionaries. In the old days, they were impenetrable books, full of complicated definitions and
42、rather artificial, made-up examples, which didn“t really help the student find out what the word meant or when and how it should be used. It“s no wonder that language learners were less than enthusiastic about dictionary work. But things have come long way since then. Dictionaries themselves have be
43、come much more user-friendly and accessible, and, as a result, they are more powerful and valuable as teaching and learning tools. The once difficult definitions have been replaced by easy-to-understand word explanations, which are written in limited defining vocabularies. Headwords are often accomp
44、anied by useful information, such as details about frequency and the examples of words usage are typically authentic and illustrative. A similar revolution has taken place with dictionary activities. In the past, workbooks and worksheets concentrated on the mechanics of dictionary use, rather than f
45、ocusing on the user. The emphasis was on explaining conventions, and on working through the various parts of an entry. Today, the new generation of dictionary workbooks show how dictionaries can be used to help students improve their reading comprehension, and, in some cases, their writing as well.
46、Let“s look at receptive uses of a dictionary first. This is how dictionaries are normally used-to look up the meaning of a word that is either not known at all or not fully understood. One way of making dictionary activities more realistic and stimulating has been achieved by embedding dictionary, a
47、ctivities in text-based work, thereby replicating the way a student would normally use a dictionary, that is, to work from text to dictionary. This enables the classroom teacher to use texts for a variety of purposes: as practice for student has understood the meaning and that they know about basics
48、 such as alphabetical order and so on. It“s important that students know how to deal with multi-sense words in English. As teachers, we are all familiar with the very. odd written work that results from students looking up each and every word in a passage, and quite often producing paraphrases that
49、indicate that the student has selected the wrong sense of a word. Viewing the word in context helps the student fully understand the word or the meaning instead of trying to decode the word in isolation. The activity on this page can be used with any multi-sense words found in any text. It“s very easy to create other exercises like this yourself. Naturally, the words you choose must be presented in a definite context, and they must have multiple meanings. Dictionary workbooks increasingly inc
