1、大学四级-136 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write composition on the topic Challenge. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1人们随时都会面临挑战；2每个人对待挑战的方式不同；3你认为该
2、如何应对挑战。（分数：106.50）_二、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：106.50)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question
3、s will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：35.50）(1). A. The man hates to lend his tools to o
4、ther people. B. The man hasnt finished working on the bookshelf. C. The tools have already been returned to the woman. D. The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Save time by using a computer. B. Buy her own computer. C. Borrow Marthas computer. D. Stay home an
5、d complete her paper.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The man doesnt have money for his daughters graduate studies. B. The man doesnt think his daughter will get a business degree. C. The man insists that his daughter should pursue her studies in science. D. The man advises his daughter to think carefully b
6、efore making her decision.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The cinema is some distance away from where they are. B. He would like to read the film review in the newspaper. C. They should wait to see the movie at a later time. D. Hell find his way to the cinema.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Hes been to Seattle ma
7、ny times. B. He has chaired a lot of conferences. C. He has a high position in his company. D. He lived in Seattle for many years.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.Questions 6 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1). A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Manager and office w
8、orker. D. Travel agent and customer.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She knows the guy who will give the lecture. B. She thinks the lecture might be informative. C. She wants to add something to her lecture. D. Shell finish her report this weekend.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The houses for sale are of poor qua
9、lity. B. The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy. C. The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers. D. The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1). A. In Pet
10、ers home. B. In the street. C. In the gym. D. On their way to the gym.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He is an active sportsman. B. He is a keen cyclist. C. He enjoys playing baseball. D. He exercises regularly.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Playing tennis. B. Go swimming. C. Go running. D. Go cycling.（分数：7.10）A
11、.B.C.D.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）(1). A. The technical features of two products. B. The choice of investment in two products. C. The prices of two products. D. The future of two products.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Having a technical lead. B. Having
12、 a growing market share. C. Having a larger market share. D. Having a good marketing strategy.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Having a higher price. B. Being more well-known. C. Having a larger market share. D. Having a bright future.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4). A. To invest in Product . B. To invest in Product .
13、 C. To invest in both Product A and Product . D. To invest in none of the two products.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、BSection B/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、BPassage One/B(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）(1). A. To give customers a wider range of choices. B. To ma
14、ke shoppers see as many items as possible. C. To supply as many varieties of goods as it can. D. To save space for more profitable products.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. On the top shelves. B. On the bottom shelves. C. On easily accessible shelves. D. On clearly marked shelves.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Ma
15、ny of them buy things on impulse. B. A few of them are fathers with babies. C. A majority of them are young couples. D. Over 60% of them make shopping lists.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Sales assistants promoting high margin goods. B. Sales assistants following customers around. C. Customers competing f
16、or good bargains. D. Customers losing all sense of time.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、BPassage Two/B(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1). A. Teaching mathematics at a school. B. Doing research in an institute. C. Studying for a college degree. D. Workin
17、g in a hi-tech company.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He studied the designs of various clocks. B. He did experiments on different materials. C. He bought an alarm clock with a pig face. D. He asked different people for their opinions.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Its automatic mechanism. B. Its manufacturing
18、process. C. Its way of waking people up. D. Its funny-looking pig face.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、BPassage Three(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1). A. It is often caused by a change of circumstances. B. It actually doesnt require any special treatm
19、ent. C. It usually appears all of a sudden. D. It generally lasts for several years.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. They cannot mix well with others. B. They irrationally annoy their friends. C. They depend heavily on family members. D. They blame others for ignoring their needs.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Th
20、ey lack consistent support from peers. B. They doubt their own popularity. C. They were born psychologically weak. D. They focus too much on themselves.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the fi
21、rst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Many college student
22、s today own personal computers that cost anywhere from one thousand dollars to perhaps five thousand dollars or more. U U 1 /U /U, it is not uncommon for them to purchase U U 2 /U /Ucosting another several hundred dollars. Twenty years ago, computers were U U 3 /U /U, but they were very large and ex
23、tremely expensive. Few of any U U 4 /U /Upurchased computers for home use. Over the years the price of the “guts“ of a computer-its memory-has declined to less than a thousand of the price per unit of memory that prevailed twenty years ago. This is the main reason why computers cost 50% much less to
24、day than they used to. Moreover, U U 5 /U /Uimprovements have made it possible to U U 6 /U /Umemory circuitry that is small enough to fit into the portable personal computers that many of us own and use. U U 7 /U /U, as the price of computation has declined, the average consumer and business have sp
25、ent more on purchasing computers.U U 8 /U /U, improved agricultural technology, hybrid (杂交) seeds, U U 9 /U /Uanimal breeding, and so on, have vastly increased the amount of output a typical farmer can produce. The prices of goods such as meats and grains have fallen sharply relative to the prices o
26、f most other goods and services. As agricultural prices have fallen, many households have decreased their total expenses on food. Even though the U U 10 /U /Uof a product purchased generally increase when its price falls, total expenses on it may decline. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
27、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、BSection A/B(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage thr
28、ough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Its the first question parents ask when their child is diagnosed with autism (自闭症). Will his future brothers or sisters have a higher risk of U U
29、1 /U /Uit, too?According to the largest study of siblings (兄弟姐妹) in families with autism, the answer is yes. Among 664 children who had at least one older sibling with the developmental disorder, the U U 2 /U /Urisk of autism was nearly 19%, U U 3 /U /Uhigher than previous sibling-recurrence estimat
30、es that were anywhere from 3% to 10%. Kids with more than one older autistic sibling had an even higher risk of the disorder: 32%.The U U 4 /U /Usuggest that genes play a key role in autism risk. But they also hint that other environmental factors U U 5 /U /Uby siblings, like influences in the womb
31、(子宫), may be important as well.On the U U 6 /U /Uof the findings, the researchers recommend that doctors closely U U 7 /U /Uyounger siblings of autistic children to pick up any early signs of the disorder, U U 8 /U /Uan unusually large head or delayed language development and communication skills. E
32、vidence suggests that early U U 9 /U /Uand diagnosis of autism can help children take advantage of therapies that can treat some of its U U 10 /U /UA. average B. basis C. commonD. consequently E. detection F. developingG. distribted H. dramatically I. includingJ. monitor K. reason L. resultsM. share
33、d N. symbols O. symptoms（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、BSection B/B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.
34、Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.The Rise of the Sharing EconomyA. Last night 40,000 people rented accommodation from a service that offers 250,000 rooms in 30,000 cities in 192 countries.
35、They chose their rooms and paid for everything online. But their beds were provided by private individuals, rather than a hotel chain. Hosts and guests were matched up by Airbnb, a firm based in San Francisco. Since its launch in 2008 more than 4 million people have used it-2.5 million of them in 20
36、12 alone. It is the most prominent example of a huge new “sharing economy“, in which people rent beds, cars, boats and other assets directly from each other, coordinated via the internet.B. You might think this is no different from running a bed-and-breakfast (家庭旅店), owning a timeshare (分时度假房) or pa
37、rticipating in a car pool. But technology has reduced transaction costs, making sharing assets cheaper and easier than everand therefore possible on a much larger scale. The big change is the availability of more data about people and things, which allows physical assets to be divided and consumed a
38、s services. Before the internet, renting a surfboard, a power tool or a parking space from someone else was feasible, but was usually more trouble than it was worth. Now websites such as Airbnb, RelayRides and SnapGoods match up owners and renters; smartphones with GPS let people see where the neare
39、st rentable car is parked; social networks provide a way to check up on people and build trust; and online payment systems handle the billing.Whats mine is yours, for a feeC. Just as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer, sharing sites let individuals act as an ad hoc (
40、临时的) taxi service, car-hire firm or boutique hotel (精品酒店) as and when it suits them. Just go online or download an app. The model works for items that are expensive to buy and are widely owned by people who do not make full use of them. Bedrooms and cats are the most obvious examples, but you can al
41、so rent camping spaces in Sweden, fields in Australia and washing machines in France. As advocates of the sharing economy like to put it, access trumps (胜过) ownership.D. Rachel Botsman, the author of a book on the subject, says the consumer peer-to-peer rental market alone is worth $26 billion. Broa
42、der definitions of the sharing economy include peer-to-peer lending or putting a solar panel on your roof and selling power back to the grid (电网). And it is not just individuals: the web makes it easier for companies to rent out spare offices and idle machines, too. But the core of the sharing econo
43、my is people renting things from each other.E. Such “collaborative (合作的) consumption“ is a good thing for several reasons. Owners make money from underused assets. Airbnb says hosts in San Francisco who rent out their homes do so for an average of 58 nights a year, making $9,300. Car owners who rent
44、 their vehicles to others using RelayRides make an average of $250 a month; some make more than $1,000. Renters, meanwhile, pay less than they would if they bought the item themselves, or turned to a traditional provider such as a hotel or car-hire firm. And there are environmental benefits, too: re
45、nting a car when you need it, rather than owning one, means fewer cars are required and fewer resources must be devoted to making them.F. For sociable souls, meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm. Curmudgeons (倔脾气的人) who imagine that every renter is a murderer can still s
46、tay at conventional hotels. For others, the web fosters trust. As well as the background checks carried out by platform owners, online reviews and ratings are usually posted by both parties to each transaction, which makes it easy to spot bad drivers, bathrobe-thieves and surfboard-wreckers. By using Facebook and other social networks, participants can check each other out and identify friends (or friends of friends) in common. An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2
