1、大学四级-153 及答案解析(总分：703.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 人生中竞争很重要 2. 然而，合作也很重要 3. 我的看法（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)B Wedding Customs Around the World/BBWedding Ceremonies/BA wedding is celebrated with some kind of ceremony almost everywhere in the world. The ceremonies
2、 vary greatly among different nations and different religions. But whatever the form of a marriage ceremony, it serves the important purpose of announcing to the community that a male and a female have been joined in matrimony(婚姻).The wedding ceremony may be a religious one performed by a churchman.
3、 In Western societies it may be a civil ceremony performed by a civil official, such as a mayor or a judge. Or it may be only a couples declaration, before witnesses, of their intention to marry. In some places a transfer of property makes a marriage binding. In other places blood is drawn from the
4、hands of the bride and groom. The blood is mixed, sealing the union. Among some people the marriage rite consists only of the bride and grooms sharing the same food.Marriage is one of the seven important religious ceremonies of the Catholic Church. The marriage is held in a church with the service c
5、onducted by the priest in the language of the country. The couple stand at the altar(圣坛). The priest asks each in turn, “Do you take name of partner here present for your lawful wife/husband, according to the rite of our Holy Mother, the Church?“ in turn, each answers, “I do.“ They then repeat the m
6、arriage vows after the priest. The priest blesses the union: “In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.“ The priest sprinkles the couple with holy water and blesses the ring or rings.Many traditional customs are observed at Jewish weddings, although they are not requir
7、edby Jewish law. Usually the Jewish priest, the bride and groom, and their attendants stand under a decorated cover called a chupah (犹太教举行婚礼上用的彩棚). The present use of the chupah began during the Middle Ages among the Eastern European Jews. The Jewish priest conducts the service. During the ceremony
8、the bride and groom make appropriate vows and take part in the ring ceremony. The Jewish priest blesses a cup of wine, from which the bride and groom both drink. The Jewish priest talks to the couple about the sacredness of marriage and responsibilities of the bride and groom. After the Jewish pries
9、t has pronounced them man and wife, a wine glass is often placed on the floor. The groom steps on the glass and breaks it. Scholars disagree about the symbolism of the custom, but many believe that the breaking of the glass recalls the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, reminding the couple tha
10、t even at the moment of greatest joy, there may be sorrow.The Muslim marriage is a civil and religious contract between the bride and groom. The religious ceremonies and celebrations vary with the customs of the country in which the marriage is held. People of wealth begin the celebrations two or th
11、ree days before the wedding and continue for two or three days after. The bride is elaborately dressed in bright colors and wears her finest jewelry. The wedding takes place at the home of the bride. The service is performed by Muslim priest, before at least two male witnesses or one male and two fe
12、male witnesses and then the vows are exchanged.BWedding Customs/BMany of the customs associated with wedding ceremonies are based on neither church nor civil law. They developed from wedding customs of earliest times and come from many lands.The wearing of a bridal veil dates back to early Greek and
13、 Roman times. The veil was thought to conceal the bride from evil spirits. The veil is also believed to have been worn as an indication of the brides innocence and purity.The wedding ring is the most widely used symbol of marriage today, as it has been for centuries. The word “wedding“ comes from th
14、e old English word “wed“, which means “promise“ or “pledge“. During Anglo-Saxon times a promise to marry was sealed when the bridegroom-to-be gave his sweetheart a ring. The ring, a circle with no beginning or end, was considered a symbol of being eternal. The third finger of the left hand was chose
15、n as the ring finger because of mistaken beliefs that a nerve runs from that finger to the heart.The best man has been explained as a survival of the ancient practice of wife capture, in which the bridegrooms friends helped him in his struggle to carry off a wife. The brides attendants were supposed
16、 to protect her from being captured.The honeymoon, or holiday spent by the couple after marriage, may have had its beginnings in the idea that the first month of marriage is the sweetest. The word comes from the French phrase lune de mile, which means “moon of honey“. It is believed that it was an a
17、ncient custom for a newly married couple to take a drink containing honey on each of the first 30 days of the marriage.In ancient times people drove off any unfriendly spirits around the bridal couple by making noises, lighting fires, and waving torches. Many practices that were supposed to prevent
18、bad luck and bring blessings to the bridal pair have come down through the years. Throwing rice after a newly married couple is a very old custom. The ancients threw rice at the bride and groom to distract evil spirits. In many countries the bridal pair is showered with nuts, corn, or wheat. Tin can
19、s or old shoes are sometimes tied to the car that carries the bride and groom away. This practice may have come out of the ancient belief that loud noises frighten bad spirits away. To assure good luck, brides often follow the old saying and wear for the wedding “something old, something new, someth
20、ing borrowed, something blue“.BLegal Requirements/BEvery society has its own laws and requirements governing marriage. There may be regulations concerning the ages at which a couple may marry, the procedures for a license to marry, the recording of the marriage, or the type of ceremony.Each state in
21、 the United States sets its own minimum age at which a couple may marry. In most states, people must be 18 to marry without the consent of their parents. With parental consent, people may marry at 16 in most states. In most of Britain, 16 is the minimum age for marriage, and parental consent is requ
22、ired until the person is 18. India allows women of 14 and men of 18 to marry. The minimum age for marriage with parental consent in France is 15 for women and 18 for men, but people of 21 may marry without consent. In Italy the bride must be 14 and the groom 16. The minimum age for marriage in Japan
23、 is 16 for women and 18 for men.A marriage license is required in the United States, Canada, and many other countries. In some countries a license to marry is not required, but after the marriage take place, it must be recorded with the state authorities. Most states in the United States require a m
24、edical examination and blood test before the license is issued.（分数：70.00）(1).In this passage, which of the following is not mentioned as the one qualified to perform the wedding ceremony?（分数：7.00）A.A civil official.B.A judge.C.The brides father.D.A priest.(2).On which marriage ceremony the priest bl
25、esses the union by sprinkling the couple with holy water?（分数：7.00）A.Jewish.B.Muslim.C.Roman Catholic.D.None of the above.(3).The word “sacredness“ (Line 7, Para 4) is closest in meaning to _.（分数：7.00）A.holinessB.carefulnessC.seriousnessD.fearfulness(4).The author aims to_ when he talks about the des
26、truction of the temple in Jerusalem.（分数：7.00）A.explain the symbolism of a customB.argue with the scholars who hold the beliefC.inform the readers of the legendD.impress the readers(5).The three marriage ceremonies mentioned in the passage all involve _.（分数：7.00）A.making marriage vowsB.drinking wineC
27、.celebrations lasting for daysD.wearing the finest jewelry(6).In some places the bride is supposed to wear a veil because (of)_.（分数：7.00）A.it was thought to protect the bride from evil spiritsB.the bridegroom is not allowed to see the face of the bride on the wedding dayC.it indicates the brides inn
28、ocence and purityD.both A and C(7).The minimum age for marriage in France without parental consent is _.（分数：7.00）A.21B.15C.16D.18(8).Marriage is one of the seven important _ of the Catholic Church.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9)._, a circle with no beginning or end, was considered a symbol of being eternal.（分数：
29、7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Most states in _ , require a medical examination and blood test before the license is issued.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)（分数：56.00）A.He wants to have more sleep.B.His wife doesnt sleep well.C.Women need more sleep than man.D.He doesnt need as much sleep as his w
30、ife.A.Finding a larger room.B.Sell the old table.C.Buy two bookshelves.D.Rearrange some furniture.A.It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer.B.It was mainly meant for cancer patients.C.It might appeal more to viewers over 40.D.It was frequently interrupted by commercials.A.She felt it was ti
31、ring.B.She felt it was very nice.C.She felt it took less time.D.She thought it was expensive.A.Buy a ticket for the ten oclock flight.B.Ask the man to change the ticket for her.C.Go to the airport immediately.D.Switch to a different flight.A.She was asking the man a question.B.She asked the man to c
32、ollect some shells for lunch.C.She suggested that they go to the seaside to collect some shells.D.She suggested that they go to the beach early in the morning.A.Watching TV is better than reading a newspaper.B.The newspaper may give more information.C.TV is more interesting than a newspaper.D.A comb
33、ination of reading and listening is more effective.A.The woman blames the man for his absence.B.The woman think that everything was all right.C.The woman thanks the man for his efforts.D.The woman doesnt think it was the mans fault.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard
34、.（分数：28.00）A.The purpose of laughter.B.The cause of laughter and its effects.C.Why and when people laugh.D.The origin of laughter.A.It is a survival technique for babies.B.It can ease hostilities between parents and children.C.It can make parents fell relaxed to take care of children.D.It can help c
35、hildren to fight diseases.A.She can hear them crying very loudly at the zoo.B.She has heard them panting and was told it was laughter.C.She has read about it from Darwin.D.She used to work at a zoo.A.He has some pet apes in his apartment.B.He is worried that the chicken he left out will spoil.C.He i
36、s worried that his roommates will eat all the chicken.D.He is worried that he will miss out on his dinner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Because he didnt want to go to the womans party.B.Because he was deeply attracted by a program about Oprah Winfre
37、y.C.Because he participated in Oprah Winfreys program.D.Because he forgot about the womans party.A.She is a US actress.B.She is a US speaker.C.She is the sponsor of a US talk show.D.She is the hostess of a US talk show.A.Oprah Winfrey has a distinguished family background.B.Oprah Winfrey is frank an
38、d genuine.C.Oprah Winfrey never spreads gossip or scandal.D.Oprah Winfrey was Americas first African-American news anchor.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)B Passage One/BBQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.Watching TV can cause physical diseases.B.TV places th
39、e viewer in a completely passive position.C.People are too dependent on TV.D.The quality of some TV programs is poor.A.Television has more advantages than disadvantages.B.Television has more disadvantages than advantages.C.It is no use watching TV.D.Television in itself is neither good nor bad.A.How
40、 much a TV set costs.B.The quality of TV programs.C.How people put it to use.D.The number of people watching TV.BPassage Two/BBQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.Gold was discovered in the city in 1848.B.The population of the city grew to twelve thousand in
41、 1848.C.The Golden Gate Bridge was constructed in 1848.D.Telegraph communications were established with the East in 1848.A.Almost two million.B.Almost three million.C.Almost five million.D.Almost six million.A.Nineteen million dollars.B.Thirty-two million dollars.C.Thirty-seven million dollars.D.For
42、ty-two million dollars.BPassage Three/BBQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.Presidents like to keep pets.B.Pets can offer protection for owners.C.Pets can encourage social relationships.D.Pets are good companies to many old people.A.Snakes, monkeys and wolve
43、s.B.Cats, dogs and birds.C.Tropical fish, mice and birds.D.None.A.Many grocery stores sell delicious pet foods to owners.B.Dogs can have their dinner delivered to their homes.C.Fancy hotels are beginning to accommodate both men and pets.D.Well-to-do dogs can attend doggy daycare centers while their
44、owners work.A.Humans Best Friend DogB.Americans Love PetsC.Leading a Dogs Life in AmericaD.New Pet raising Styles in America五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)The newly unemployed have different attitudes towards new jobs. Complaining of the social problems and enjoying their free time, some of them just
45、 wait passively for help. Moreover, they are rather fussy about government U(36) /U jobs. Their typical job requirements include good pay, U(37) /U social position and nice working environment. To their disappointment, no such jobs are U(38) /U yet and they have let good opportunities slip by. In co
46、ntrast, most of the unemployed are practical, facing the U(39) /U with courage and seizing any opportunity with U(40) /U . Instead of complaining and relying on others, they are U(41) /U hunting all sorts of jobs by themselves. They attend job training schools to acquire new U(42) /U skills while ho
47、lding odd jobs. Since China is heavily U(43) /Uin the construction of her infrastructure which provides many jobs, millions of the unemployed have found better jobs. U(44) /U .As the market economy rapidly improves in China, free competition will increasingly replace all sorts of monopolies. People
48、will enjoy more freedom in finding good jobs. And job, just as all kinds of products, has its strengths and weaknesses. So U(45) /U. It is not what jobs they do but how good they are that really counts. U(46) /U .（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
