1、大学四级-945 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1有些大学生热中于追星，诸如体育明星、歌星、影视明星等2我们在其他领域却存在偶像缺失3我的看法Who Should Be Our Superstars?（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)What to Do When the Patient Says, Please Dont Tell MomSome years ago, in the candor (坦白) of the exam room,
2、a seventh-grade boy told me that he didnt really have friends at school, and that he sometimes found himself being picked on. I gave him the pediatric (儿科的) line on bullying: it shouldnt be tolerated, and there are things schools can do about it. Lets talk to your parents, lets have your parents tal
3、k to the school. And he was horrified. He shook his head and asked me please not to interfere, and above all not to say a word to his mother, who was out in the waiting room because I had asked her to give us some privacy.He wouldnt have told me this at all, he said, except he thought our conversati
4、on was private. The situation at school wasnt all that bad; he could handle it. He wasnt in any danger, wasnt getting hurt, and he was just a little lonely. His parents, he said, thought that he was fine, that he had lots of friends, and he wanted to keep it that way.When treating older adolescents,
5、 pediatricians(小儿科医师)routinely offer confidentiality (机密性) on many issues, starting with sex and substances. But middle-schoolers are on the border-old enough to be asked some of the same questions, but young enough that it can be less clear what should stay confidential.At my own eighth-grade sons
6、pediatric checkup last year, I of course left the room, because I didnt want to embarrass him or inhibit him, and because I wanted his pediatrician to have the opportunity to hear anything he wanted to say. (I am reporting this with my sons explicit permission.) But as I waited, I thought of that se
7、venth grader, and of the other middle-schoolers who have told me things that left me agonizing about the ethics and the wisdom of confidentiality in this age group.Im not talking about the child who tells you something that makes it clear hes in danger. Those are the “easy“ ones (though in another s
8、ense they can be tremendously difficult), and Ive had my share: The 13-year-old girl who is frightened of a much older guy who sometimes seems to follow her home. The 14-year-old boy who has been thinking about dying a lot ever since his grandmother died. The seventh grader who is being beaten up on
9、 the playground. No matter the age, when I feel the child is actually in danger, I explain that I have to let the parents know. But as I talked to my colleagues-including my sons pediatrician, Dr. Herbert Lazarus- we all kept coming up with ambiguous cases. Because you do value the childs trust and
10、you dont want to lose it.Im not talking about the child who tells you he shared a beer with his friends one day after school. Most sensible parents, I think, know that once theyre out of the exam room were going to review sex, drugs and rock n roll with their children, and most sensible parents, I t
11、hink, are grateful. And many middle-school children seem grateful for the opportunity to mention that they have been in situations where people are drinking.“Theyll preface it with My moms not going to know about this, right?“ said Dr. Lazarus, who is also a clinical associate professor of pediatric
12、s at New York University. “Im going to talk as much as I can about why this is not good, and all we know about alcohol and marijuana. There are enough studies out there that show how bad this is for brain development.“But what about if its more than a beer? One of my colleagues had a stow: a 13-year
13、old girl who was drinking and stealing from her parents liquor cabinet. “She did admit that to me,“ the pediatrician said. “She was doing it by herself, not a good sign, not social drinking.“ The child did not want her mother to know, and the pediatrician, who had known her since infancy, negotiate
14、d (协商) a compromise: the doctor would advise the mother that the girl needed counseling, and as long as she went to counseling, and discussed the drinking and her underlying issues with the counselor, the pediatrician would not tell her mother about the liquor.But even though it worked out, even tho
15、ugh she continued seeing the patient regularly, the pediatrician still felt less than completely comfortable. “I did personally feel bad,“ she said, “because if I were the mother, I would want to know, and I actually did tell the mother just to keep a closer eye on her without going into the details
16、 “So what about the child who trusts you with the information that hes being picked on, or that all is not well at home? You want to keep that childs trust-all the more so if the child isnt talking to the parents, because you want to be available for more confidences.“The balance changes in part ba
17、sed on what the level of the health risks are, how mature that young person is, how much parental oversight theyre receiving,“ said Dr. S. Jean Emans, chief of adolescent medicine at Childrens Hospital Boston.Experts say the middle-school years are particularly challenging. “Its a fine balance becau
18、se its developmentally appropriate for kids to want to develop some autonomy and its the time when they should be developing at least in part a private and confidential relationship with a physician,“ said Dr. Carol A. Ford, director of the adolescent medicine program at the University of North Caro
19、lina, Chapel Hill. “Middle school is really when you see a lot of variation in pubertal development and cognitive development and social development,“ Dr. Ford went on. “A 12-year-old who looks like an 18-year-old-you cant assume they think like an 18-year-old. You cant assume their skills of negoti
20、ating the world are related to their physical maturity.“ Or as Dr. Emans put it: “You do have to make tough choices. There isnt a little book where you look up, OK, this can stay confidential and this cant.?“So what did I do with the seventh grader who had told me he didnt have friends at school? We
21、ll, I asked him a bunch of questions, and I decided that he wasnt feeling suicidal (or homicidal) and that the situation in his school didnt threaten his physical safety. I urged him to talk to his parents, especially if things grew worse-and I scheduled an appointment for him to come back and check
22、 in with me. But with his mother, I limited myself to one of those “generic“ comments: this is an age when he really needs you to be involved in his life, to talk about how things are going at school.“Your role as a physician is different than your role as a mother,“ Dr. Ford said. “If you lose the
23、trust of the kid, youve lost a lot; they wont tell you whats going on in the future, and thats not in the best interests of the kid or the parent.“ If I had been the seventh graders mother, I would have wanted to know. But I was his doctor, and he wanted it kept confidential.（分数：70.00）(1).From the p
24、assage, we know that the seventh-grade boy would tell the author under the condition that_.（分数：7.00）A.their conversation was privateB.their situation at school was not all that badC.his mother was in the waiting roomD.his parents thought he was fine(2).What do we learn about middle-schoolers from th
25、e passage?（分数：7.00）A.The pediatricians must provide confidentiality to middle-schoolers.B.The middle-schoolers can be asked questions about sex.C.The pediatricians must provide confidentiality to middle-schoolers parents.D.The middle-schoolers can be asked to stay confidential.(3).What should the au
26、thor do when he feels the child is at risk?（分数：7.00）A.If the child is too young to handle, he will tell the childs parents.B.If the child is old enough, he will keep confidentiality.C.Whether the child is young or old, he will keep confidentiality.D.Whether the child is young or old, he will tell th
27、e childs parents.(4).When most reasonable parents are out of the exam room for reviewing sex, drugs and rock n roll with their children, they will_.（分数：7.00）A.worry about their childrenB.be afraid their children will be in unhealthy situationsC.be thankful to the pediatriciansD.wonder ff their child
28、ren are in trouble(5).When Dr. Lazarus talks to the children, the children usually_.（分数：7.00）A.tell the pediatrician their trouble at the beginningB.tell the pediatrician their situation at schoolC.make sure the pediatrician will keep secret at the beginningD.make sure the pediatrician will know abo
29、ut alcohol(6).It can be concluded from the passage that as to that 13-year-old girl who was drinking, her doctor_.（分数：7.00）A.knew her when she was a babyB.kept her mothers trustC.should make a compromiseD.should tell her mother the truth(7).Dr. Carol A. Ford considered middle-schoolers_.（分数：7.00）A.a
30、ppropriately develop some relianceB.partly develop a private and confidential relationship with a doctorC.relate skills of negotiating the world to their physical maturityD.look like older(8).Pediatricians want to keep the childs trust because they want to_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Especially if things g
31、rew worse, the author urged the seventh grader_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Dr. Ford said that the role as a physician was_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.The hot weather.B.The s
32、ymptom of the patient.C.The chemical experiment.D.The stock market.A.It is far away from here.B.They can not arrive there by that time.C.The time is quite enough to be there.D.He can not calculate the time.A.He met with Alice at the restaurant.B.He didnt date with Alice at all.C.He hates to meet Ali
33、ce.D.Alice is one of his girl friends.A.Pet dog needs good life conditions.B.Jack loves dog very much.C.The woman knows little about caring for pets.D.Jack knows little about caring for pets.A.They should go out for dinner.B.He loves to eat oil meals.C.The dishes made in the restaurant are more deli
34、cious.D.Theyd better make dinner at home for the sake of health.A.The campus provides enough parking place.B.The man doesnt have the parking permit on the campus.C.The man will get fined for parking on the wrong place.D.The woman is the teacher of the man.A.He will leave the restaurant.B.He will dra
35、w the curtain down and put on his coat.C.He will ask the waiter to arrange another table for him.D.He will move to another table in the comer.A.Because she has missed the classes.B.Because she will have an examination soon.C.Because she has done well in the notes.D.Because she always falls asleep in
36、 class.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.He is going to drive to the countryside.B.He wants a few days to stay somewhere.C.He wants to rent a room.D.He is going to visit the city centre hotels.A.Carlton House and the Imperial.B.The Imperial and the Brid
37、ge.C.The Bridge and the Majestic.D.The Royal Oak and the Bridge.A.It is a five star hotel.B.It provides excellent service.C.It is equipped with modern facilities.D.It is quite near to the main square.A.He would go to neither of the hotel.B.He may choose one between the Carlton House and the Imperial
38、C.He probably goes out for the town hotels of the Bridge Hotel.D.He prefers to the hotel with a swimming pool.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.She is going to pay the tuition to the school.B.She will choose a major.C.She is going to talk with her advi
39、sor.D.She will study in a college.A.She will not get the certificate.B.She must change to another major.C.She will have to register again.D.Shell need to wait a semester to take classes.A.At a bank.B.At a school.C.In a national park.D.In a business company.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Questions 26 to
40、28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Because they were created in Europe.B.Because they were too old.C.Because the theaters were crowded.D.Because the tickets were overpriced.A.Lightness of movement.B.Beautiful scenery.C.Free expression.D.Enthusiastic music.A.They performed ma
41、inly in Europe.B.They imitated the techniques of ballet.C.They performed to classical music.D.Their works had no formal structure.Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.The amount of vocabulary.B.Ability of reading and comprehension.C.English speaking.D.Listening
42、 ability.A.It can affect the ability of finding information.B.It decides the ability of reading newspaper.C.It can affect the ability to earn a living.D.It decides the pleasure of reading.A.Students are encouraged to read more books.B.Reforms should be taken especially at the high school level.C.It
43、is necessary to improve the education level.D.American adults should learn from the Asian adults.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.The natural force makes it come into being.B.It originates from some chemical elements in the nature.C.It comes from the rocks
44、with the action of wind and water.D.A series of biological changes happen in the process.A.It can be used to build the house.B.It can be fired on the hot stove.C.It can be used together with water.D.People use it to make containers.A.In the river.B.On the ground surface.C.In the mountain.D.In low ar
45、eas of islands.A.To burn it on the fire to see whether it can break.B.To press it in the size of an egg.C.Add water to it to see whether it is shiny.D.Take some of it in the testing machine.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Snow is a subject of great interest to weather experts. Experts sometimes have diff
46、iculty in (36) where, when or how much snow will fall. One reason is that heavy amounts of snow fall in (37) small areas. Another reason is that a small change in temperature can mean the difference between snow and rain. Snow is a form of (38) water. It contains many groups of (39) ice particles ca
47、lled snow crystals. These crystals grow from water particles in cold clouds. They usually grow around a piece of (40) . All snow crystals have six sides, but they grow in different shapes. It (41) mainly on the temperature and water levels in the air snow crystals grow in one of two (42) -platelike
48、and columnar. Platelike crystals are (43) They form when the air temperature is about fifteen degrees below zero Celsius. Columnar snow crystals look like sticks of ice. They form when the temperature is about five degrees below zero Celsius. (44) . As many as one hundred crystals may join together
49、to form a snowflake larger than two and one-half centimeters. Under some conditions, snowflakes can form that are five centimeters long. (45) . Snow contains much less water than rain. About fifteen centimeters of wet snow has as much water as two and one-half centimeters of rain. (46) .（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
