1、大学英语六级-258 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.佛教由于各个国家习俗和文化的不同而产生了不同类型的佛教，但佛法的本质是不变的。佛教的道德规则是 戒律 (precept)，其中主要的五戒是：不杀生、不偷盗、不邪淫、不妄语和不饮酒。佛教也是一种信仰，它对其他的信仰或宗教很宽容。佛教徒也从不强求别人改变信仰，只是在别人需要时尽力开导，这就是历史上从来没有任何战争是以佛教的名义发起的原因。 （分数：20.00）_2.歌谣口头流传的 歌谣 (ballad)跟神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的文学正是
2、发源于此。不过，歌谣本是人们生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有记载和保存它们的手段，因此它们很快消失，不留痕迹。如今，我们只能从古籍中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些年代非常久远的歌谣，但能够断定年代的歌谣要到诗经里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更大。 （分数：20.00）_3.聘金与婚宴聘金是中国传统习俗的一部分。但是，近几年来其标准不断上升，致使许多家庭都很难达到。高额的聘金常常“抢劫”了新郎父母毕生的积蓄，甚至会引起家庭纠纷。此外，许多新婚夫妇为了和邻居攀比而被迫举行奢侈的婚礼宴会，在这个过程中，大量债务的累积可能会使他们的新婚生活变得辛酸，至少在最初阶段是这样的。想想
3、老一辈节俭的婚礼，虽然简单，但也美满，没有给他们婚后的生活带来任何负担。 （分数：20.00）_4.鲁迅鲁迅，原名周树人，是中国现代文学巨匠。鲁迅是 20 世纪的重要作家，新文化运动的领导人，左翼文化运动的支持者。鲁迅的作品对五四运动以后的中国文化与中国文学产生了深刻的影响。鲁迅赴日本留学时选择的是现代医学，这是因为父亲的病故使他对中医产生了严重的怀疑。但一年之后，他认为救国救民需先救思想，于是弃医从文，写下了 狂人日记 ( A Madman“s Dairy )等一系列发人深思的作品，唤醒了一批热血青年的爱国救国之志。 （分数：20.00）_5.郭沫若郭沫若是中国新诗的奠基人，是中国现代著名学
4、者、历史学家和书法家。郭沫若的诗作因巧妙运用比喻技巧而脍炙人口，其书法艺术上的探索与实践也历时 70 余年，以 行草 (running script)见长，笔力爽劲洒脱，运转变通，韵味无穷。民族危难之时，其诗词创作常与书法相结合，笔墨间包含了深厚的文化底蕴和自强不息的民族精神。新中国成立之后，郭沫若在繁重的国事之余仍然喜欢从事书法创作，书法作品数量之多，影响之广，少有出其右者。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语六级-258 (1)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.佛教由于各个国家习俗和文化的不同而产生了不同类型的佛
5、教，但佛法的本质是不变的。佛教的道德规则是 戒律 (precept)，其中主要的五戒是：不杀生、不偷盗、不邪淫、不妄语和不饮酒。佛教也是一种信仰，它对其他的信仰或宗教很宽容。佛教徒也从不强求别人改变信仰，只是在别人需要时尽力开导，这就是历史上从来没有任何战争是以佛教的名义发起的原因。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：There are different types of Buddhism, because custom and culture vary from country to country, but what does not change is the essence
6、of the Buddhist doctrine. The moral code of Buddhism is the precepts, of which the main five ones are commitments to abstaining from harming living beings, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying and intoxication. Buddhism is also a belief which is tolerant of other beliefs or religions. Buddhists never
7、insist on converting others to Buddhism, but are ready to help others to see what is right or sensible when it is needed. That is why there have never been any wars in history fought in the name of Buddhism.2.歌谣口头流传的 歌谣 (ballad)跟神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的文学正是发源于此。不过，歌谣本是人们生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有记载和保存它们的手段，因此它
8、们很快消失，不留痕迹。如今，我们只能从古籍中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些年代非常久远的歌谣，但能够断定年代的歌谣要到诗经里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更大。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Long before the emergence of the written words, ballads and mythologies, passed down by word of mouth, were widely popular. Chinese literature finds its origin in these traditions. However,
9、 ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly disappeared without a trace. Today, we can only deduce their existence from ancient books which recorded some time-honored ballads. However, ballads in The Book
10、 of Songs are the earliest writing that can be dated. From this point of view, ancient mythologies have had a greater influence on Chinese literature.3.聘金与婚宴聘金是中国传统习俗的一部分。但是，近几年来其标准不断上升，致使许多家庭都很难达到。高额的聘金常常“抢劫”了新郎父母毕生的积蓄，甚至会引起家庭纠纷。此外，许多新婚夫妇为了和邻居攀比而被迫举行奢侈的婚礼宴会，在这个过程中，大量债务的累积可能会使他们的新婚生活变得辛酸，至少在最初阶段是这样的
11、。想想老一辈节俭的婚礼，虽然简单，但也美满，没有给他们婚后的生活带来任何负担。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Bride-price is a part of Chinese traditional customs, but the standards have become so high in recent years that many families are finding it difficult to meet them. The high bride-price often robs grooms“ parents of their life“s savings a
12、nd even causes family disputes. Besides, many newly married couples are forced to host extravagant wedding ceremonies to keep up with the Joneses and, in the process, run up huge debts that could turn their married life bitter, at least in the initial phase. However, the frugal wedding of the old ge
13、neration, simple but happy, didn“t have any bearing on their married life.4.鲁迅鲁迅，原名周树人，是中国现代文学巨匠。鲁迅是 20 世纪的重要作家，新文化运动的领导人，左翼文化运动的支持者。鲁迅的作品对五四运动以后的中国文化与中国文学产生了深刻的影响。鲁迅赴日本留学时选择的是现代医学，这是因为父亲的病故使他对中医产生了严重的怀疑。但一年之后，他认为救国救民需先救思想，于是弃医从文，写下了 狂人日记 ( A Madman“s Dairy )等一系列发人深思的作品，唤醒了一批热血青年的爱国救国之志。 （分数：20.00）_
14、正确答案：()解析：Lu Xun is the pen name of Zhou Shuren, a great master of modern Chinese literature. As an important writer in the 20th century, Lu Xun has led the New Culture Movement and supported the left-wing cultural movement. His works have imposed a profound effect on Chinese culture and Chinese lit
15、erature after the May Fourth Movement. When Lu Xun went to Japan for study, he chose modern medicine due to his serious doubt about the traditional Chinese medicine after his father“s death. One year later, however, he held the view of salvaging the country and the nation by thought salvation. There
16、fore, he quitted medicine for literature and wrote a series of thought-provoking works with A Madman“s Dairy as a masterpiece, which awakened a batch of hot-blooded youngsters“ patriotism and ambition to save the country.5.郭沫若郭沫若是中国新诗的奠基人，是中国现代著名学者、历史学家和书法家。郭沫若的诗作因巧妙运用比喻技巧而脍炙人口，其书法艺术上的探索与实践也历时 70 余年
17、，以 行草 (running script)见长，笔力爽劲洒脱，运转变通，韵味无穷。民族危难之时，其诗词创作常与书法相结合，笔墨间包含了深厚的文化底蕴和自强不息的民族精神。新中国成立之后，郭沫若在繁重的国事之余仍然喜欢从事书法创作，书法作品数量之多，影响之广，少有出其右者。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Guo Moruo is the founder of new Chinese poetry and a well-known scholar, historian and calligrapher. In his poetry the metaphors are so cleve
18、r that his poetry win a wide popularity. He also spent more than 70 years on calligraphy, and was good at running script, which was free, flexible and attractive. When the nation was trapped in trouble, he always combined his poetry with calligraphy, where there was full of profound cultural background and unyielding national spirit. After the founding of new China, Guo Moruo still enjoyed calligraphy creation when wrapped in heavy national affairs. It is difficult to find anyone who could surpass him in terms of the number and influence of calligraphy works.
