1、大学英语六级 191及答案解析(总分：448.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Food Safety Problem. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 我国食品市场存在的问题。 2. 怎样解决食品安全问题。 3. 结论。 （分数：30.00）
2、_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Institution of Marriage The Indians, as all other communities of human beings in every age, in every clime (地域), and in every possible condition in respect to civilization or barbarism, have done, lived in families. That is to say, the husband, the wife, and t
3、he children formed a natural group and dwelt together in common. The children were under the care of themselves and the husband and wife, once joined, remained united for life. Some persons have imagined that the institution of marriage is an artificial institution, adopted by society as an arrangem
4、ent proved by experiment to be, on the whole, most advantageous to man. But the universality of this institution proves that it is of higher origin. It is a part of mans nature, considered as an animal, that he should have one female partner, and that the union which binds him to his partner, when o
5、nce she is chosen, should endure for life. It is curious to observe that the provision of nature by which man is led everywhere, and under all circumstances, to the institution of marriage as the foundation of the social state, is in accordance with a general principle which pervades the whole anima
6、l creation. The principle is this: General Law of Pairing In all cases where the nurture of the young of any animal, for any reason, requires more than the mother herself alone can do for them, it seems to be a general law of nature in respect to such animals that they are provided with instincts wh
7、ich lead them to pair. A male and female unite, and they remain united until the young no longer need their joint assistance. Thus birds pair, because it is necessary that both should co-operate to build the nest, and also that the father should bring food while the mother sits upon the eggs to hatc
8、h them. And lions pair, for one must remain and take care of the young, while the other goes away on distant excursions to procure food. But sheep and other such animals do not pair, for their young do not require the joint attention of father and mother. In respect to the duration of the union thus
9、 formed, the principle is that it continues as long as the necessity for it continues; that is, as long as the brood of young ones require the united efforts of both father and mother to protect them. Then at least so it is supposed in the case of birds when the season is over and the young ones are
10、 grown up to maturity, the union is terminated, the pair separate, and each, at the commencement (开始) of a new season, chooses a mate again. Application to the Case of Man Now, in the case of man, the young require the aid of both parents for their nurture and protection; and inasmuch as each requir
11、es this attention for ten or twelve years at least, and as during the time while the first-born is attaining this age others succeed, the period during which the conjoined effort of the parents are required is protracted (拖延), without intermission, during the whole of their lives that is, through al
12、l the portion of it during which their natural vigor continues unimpaired. It follows from this, and from the fact that the numbers of the sexes are equal, that according to the analogy of nature we should have expected that the human species would be provided with instincts leading them to unite in
13、 pairs, and to continue so united for life. We find, accordingly, that this is the fact everywhere. The marriage laws of all human societies are consequently made to guard and protect the marriage institution not to establish it. The institution itself is founded in instincts and principles of our n
14、ature existing antecedent to all law. Indeed, the family institution, instead of waiting to be established by law, is often even more important and more prominent in low states of civilization than in high. It is most powerful where laws are weakest. Instead of being created by law and thus followin
15、g it in the order or time, it is itself rather the origin and source of law. So far as we have any opportunity to trace back the forms of social organization to their source, we find them arising usually, in the first instance, from that primordial (原始的) and elementary bond, the union of husband wit
16、h wife, which springs at once from the physical constitution and innate instincts of man, and is the germ from which all other systems of authority and subordination come. It was eminently so among the Indians. They lived in families throughout the length and breadth of the land the families of the
17、same connection being grouped together in tribes. They lived generally in peace, and were engaged in labors of patient industry for providing food and clothing for themselves and their children. （分数：71.00）(1).The Indians were different from other communities of human beings in that they didnt live i
18、n families.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The institution of marriage proves to be the practice of higher origin.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).It is a general law of nature that a male animal and a female animal unite, and they remain united until the young no longer need their joint assistance.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG
19、(4).Sheep do not pair because their young do not require the joint attention of father and mother.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).In the case of birds, when_, the union is terminated, the pair separate, and each chooses a mate again.（分数：7.10）_(6).In the case of man, the young require the aid of both parents
20、for_.（分数：7.10）_(7).The family institution, instead of being created by law, is itself rather_.（分数：7.10）_(8).It is curious to observe that the provision of nature by which man is led everywhere, is_ a general principle which pervades the whole animal creation.（分数：7.10）_(9).Birds pair, because _that b
21、oth should co-operate to build the nest, and also that the father should bring food while the mother_.（分数：7.10）_(10).The marriage laws of all human societies are consequently made to _the marriage institution not to establish it.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.At Annes Clothing Sto
22、re.B.Inside a shopping center.C.At a downtown street.D.In a suburban residential district.A.He was fired from his job.B.He was warned about being more punctual from now on.C.The management cut his working hours.D.He was promoted.A.They are at a violin shop.B.They are at a circus.C.They are at a conc
23、ert.D.They are inside a movie theatre.A.She didnt go to work this morning.B.She was injured and had to go to the hospital.C.She talked with the boss in the morning.D.The traffic delayed her.A.Seven oclock.B.Seven thirty.C.Eight oclock.D.Eight thirty.A.Sending the next package earlier.B.Waiting patie
24、ntly.C.Using air freight.D.Looking for the package.A.She thinks that he should plan his money more carefully.B.She thinks that he should buy a convertible.C.She thinks that he should ask Barbara for advice.D.She wants him to manage her money.A.He was furious with his boss.B.He was always late to wor
25、k.C.His daughter was sick and that made him late for work.D.He prepared a financial report incorrectly.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.She felt embarrassed in class.B.Her presentation received a poor grade.C.She had not completed her assignment.D.She was unable to attend her psychology class.A.Shed be
26、able to leave quickly.B.Shed be less nervous.C.Shed be able to locate where the man was seated.D.Shed know when her professor arrived.A.To introduce the woman to someone who has researched blushing.B.To illustrate the benefits of a public speaking class.C.To give an example of an adult who blushes e
27、asily.D.To explain a way to overcome blushing.A.Because he didnt hear any noise at all.B.Because he thought all this was caused by the flu.C.Because he thought he was dreaming.D.Because he was deaf and fainted.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.It learns to say by imitating what people say.B.It learns to
28、say by imitating what people hear.C.It learns to say by thinking.D.It learns to say by seeing.A.To imitate it.B.To use it from time to time.C.To ask for it.D.To hear it.A.We should read first.B.We should spell first.C.We should listen first.D.We should write first.A.Classmates,B.Colleagues.C.Boss an
29、d secretary.D.PR representative and client.A.He felt his assignment was tougher than Sues.B.His clients complained about his service.C.He thought the boss was unfair to him.D.His boss was always finding fault with his work.A.She is unwilling to undertake them.B.She complains about her bad luck.C.She
30、 always accepts them cheerfully.D.She takes them on, though reluctantly.A.Sue got promoted.B.John had to quit his job.C.Both John and Sue got a raise.D.Sue failed to complete her project.A.No fuel.B.Ice on the wing.C.Engine trouble.D.No food.A.New England.B.Britain.C.Newfoundland.D.Alaska.A.Only one
31、.B.Two.C.Three.D.More than three.A.Many hours.B.One full day.C.Two full days.D.Three full days.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The early European settlement is along one of our well-known riverswhich (36) 1into the Atlantic to form New York bay. The Hudson river has a (37) 2of interesting physical featur
32、es that made it very attractive for settlement by the Europeans. The first is that the river (38) 3inland from the Atlantic Ocean for more than 150 mile with no waterfalls or (39) 4. Its surface is (40) 5flat for that entire distance, with no tides. Second, the whole 150-mile stretch is influenced b
33、y tides from the Atlantic Ocean. (41) 6every six hours, the river (42) 7direction, flowing north when the tide is (43) 8and south toward the ocean when the tide is going down. (44) 9, and this explains why the Dutch penetrated so far inland. There were the first Europeans to settle in the Hudson val
34、ley. Of course, to go upstream, the Dutch settlers needed the right kind of boat, and so to navigate the river, they design a sloop with only one mast but with two sails, one rigged in front of the mast and one behind. (45) 10. Hudson river sloops carried passengers and cargo. The cargo ranging form
35、 coal, lumber and hay to fruit, vegetables and livestock. Traveling only ten miles an hour in a good wind, the sloop was not too speedy by modern standards, but it was ideally suited to the Dutch settlement, (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
36、 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)Mans chief offence against nature has been to damage the earths natural covering of vegetation without replacing it with a system of farming able to maintain the fertility of the soil. Man the farmer penetrated new lands in many directions, and the forests
37、were vulnerable to his various activities. The roots of plants help to bind the all-important soil and keep it in place. Falling dead vegetation and animal remains ensure a regular return of nutrients to the soil. If kept in a good condition a layer of soil acts as a sponge and regulates the movemen
38、t of water in the area. Also, green plants perform a further vital function on our planet. Carbon-dioxide is taken in by the leaves in the daytime because it is one of the raw materials needed for the making of food substances. At the same time oxygen is given out. The carbon-dioxide given out by th
39、e living world during respiration is thus used and turned into valuable plant products of all kinds. In this way a healthy balance of gases is maintained in our atmosphere. As farming spread through Europe, Africa and Asia, this natural balance in the biological world was altered in a variety of way
40、s. Cultivators needed to ensure that crops received maximum sunlight and rain and the minimum of competition from other plants. They therefore cleared the land as completely as possible of the previous vegetation. The “slash-and-burn“ method, as it is called, was developed very early in the history
41、of agriculture, and present-day primitive Dyaks of Borneo, in the East Indies, still provide us with an example of this type of farming. They clear the tropical rain forest of their land with methods very similar to those used by the New Stone Age people in Europe five or six thousand years ago. The
42、 bark of the trees is cut so that they gradually die. Other vegetation is also cut down and, when it has dried out, is burned. This leaves gaps of bare soil between the dead trees, which now cast little shade. In these gaps the seeds are planted and from them harvests of a sort are finally removed.
43、After a year or two the harvest begins to get smaller and smaller because the plant food in the soil has been used up. The soil becomes exhausted and the community moves on the next area to deal with that in the same way. The forest soon invades the abandoned plots and fertility is restored. However
44、, valuable soil will have been lost by erosion, and this is especially serious in hilly areas in the tropics where rainfall may be frequent and heavy. While populations were low and stable little damage was done, but with a steady increase in the size and number of human communities the forest and s
45、oil have little time to recover. （分数：88.50）(1).What is implied by saying “a layer of soil acts as a sponge“ (Para. 2)?（分数：17.70）A.Soil can be used to clean things.B.Soil can store water and give it up when needed.C.Soil is all elastic material.D.Soil can provide water.(2).The respiration of living t
46、hings and the food production of plants are_.（分数：17.70）A.separate processesB.complementaryC.oppositeD.interdependent(3).The crops reception of “the minimum of competition from other plants“ is necessary because_.（分数：17.70）A.other plants competed with crops for sunlight and rainB.people were farming in Asia, Africa and EuropeC.they could get rid of other plantsD.they wanted keep the biological balance(4).What does “this“ refer to in the sentence “This leaves gaps of bare soil. “(Para. 4)?（分数：17.70）A.Cutting down trees and grasses and burning them.B.The New Stone Age pe
