1、大学英语六级 193及答案解析(总分：428.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled “The Importance of Reading Classics”. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1、阅读经典书籍对人的成长至关重要； 2、现在愿意阅
2、读经典的人却越来越少，原因是； 3、我们大学生应该怎么做。 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Gerald Prolman has always liked big challenges. Several years after graduating from college, he jump-started Made in Nature, one of the first organic (有机的) produce distributors in the U.S. He sold the company to Dole and the
3、n helped the giant grower develop its first organic bananas in the mid-1990s. In the new millennium, Prolman turned his attention to flowers. Because flowers are generally not eaten, the U.S. Department of Agriculture neither regulates nor inspects them for pesticide residues. At the same time, buye
4、rs will scoff at a flower that is less than perfect and U.S. Customs will reject a whole shipment for a single insect. Given all these factors, it is no surprise that flowers are the most pesticide-intensive crop and that flower workers pay a heavy price. In Ecuador, the second-largest exporter of f
5、lowers to the United States, 60 percent of workers suffer from headaches, nausea, blurred vision or fatigue, according to a 1999 study by the International Labor Organization. Doctors in Cayambe, the rose capital of Ecuador, confirm these findings and add birth defects, sterility and miscarriages to
6、 the list. Prolmans vision began to take shape three years ago. Through buying organic flowers, Prolman reasoned, American consumers “would start thinking not only about their own health but also that of workers and ecosystems around the globe.“ The flower industry is a $16 billion annual business i
7、n the U.S. The Veriflora label introduces stringent (严厉的) organic standards. Prolman launched Organic Bouquet in 2001 with the idea of selling organic flowers over the Internet. But he quickly ran into a chicken-and-egg dilemma: apart from small-time farmers markets, there was no supply. And major g
8、rowers were wary (机警的) of organic flowers because there was no proven demand. After two years visiting flower farms in the United States, Prolman was unable to convince any major grower to make the expensive plunge into organics. So he headed to Ecuador and Colombia, the countries that account for n
9、early half of all flowers sold in the U.S. He discovered that, because of the prohibitive cost of pesticides and artificial fertilizers overseas, a few growers had developed natural alternatives and were still producing perfect flowers. “They were using organic techniques without even knowing it,“ h
10、e recalls. But there were still major hurdles, including the fact that there was no certification program. “What moves an industry is volume,“ Prolman explains. “Supermarkets go to major growers because they can get 10, 20 or 50 truckloads at once.“ To get this volume, Prolman decided last year to c
11、reate a new eco-label, similar to that used for organic produce or dolphin-safe tuna (金枪鱼), which would certify growers. It would create a new market niche that consumers would readily identify by tags and stickers. Prolman knew the label would only work with the support of the bigger players in the
12、 $16 billion floriculture (花艺) industry. He started with Anna BaU, CEO of BaU Horticultural, the worlds largest supplier of flower seeds. Ball was so convinced by Prolmans vision that she tapped her top scientist, Francis Kwong, to set up a think tank to develop the know-how required to raise organi
13、c flowers. Whole Foods Market, the $3.7 billion natural supermarket chain, was receptive to Prolman because several media outlets had recently detailed the abysmal (深不可测) conditions of flower workers in Latin America. As a result, Whole Foods had launched a sweeping test of its flowers for pesticide
14、 residues. “The most specific thing we learned is that we needed to develop relationships with growers,“ says Edmund La Macchia, Whole Foods head produce buyer. Whole Foods developed a program for evaluating its flower farms, and it joined forces with Prolman. Organic Bouquet signed up Sun Valley, t
15、he U.S.s largest flower grower, Delaware Valley, the largest flower wholesaler, and Esmeralda, one of the top four flower growers in Latin America. Prolman also recruited a half dozen other nearly pesticide-free growers in Ecuador and Colombia. All agreed to chip in $10,000 to develop the label. Eco
16、-labels for flowers are not entirely new. In the early 1990s, German environmental groups organized a boycott of imported flowers. Within a few years, there were a half-dozen flower eco-labels in Europe, Colombia and most recently Ecuador-but none took hold with American consumers. Whole Eoods hired
17、 Scientific Certification Systems (SCS) of Emeryville, California to analyze existing flower labels. SCS found a confusing mish-mash of principles. Even worse, no program actually prohibited growers from using the worlds most toxic pesticides. Stan Rhodes, CEO of SCS, says, “All the existing program
18、s caused farmers to use less pesticides but the chemicals they were actually using are more toxic and last longer. So the damage is actually greater.“ The new and very stringent (严厉的) Veriflora label will be launched this fall by SCS and some of the biggest names in the industry. Prolman hopes the c
19、ompanies will encourage other supermarkets, florists and growers to go green. SCS is still fine-tuning the protocols of Veriflora, which requires that all growers live up to the “best practices“ possible. All growers must agree to full organic production within a certain timetable and, at the same t
20、ime, stop using the most toxic, Category 1, chemicals immediately. “Veriflora is a bridge that leads you to becoming an organic grower,“ says Prolman. Verifloras five basic principles begin with organic production but also include fair labor practices, ecology, water conservation and waste managemen
21、t. Veriflora ensures, for instance, that workers get at least minimum wage in their country, have the right to organize and get paid overtime. It also forces companies to mitigate any environmental damage they have done in the past. SCS auditors will make unannounced visits to member farms and test
22、everything from the compost to the streams running off the property. SCS hopes to eventually expand the program to include bananas, coffee, pineapples and avocados. The Society of American Florists (SAF), which represents 23,000 U.S. florists, is so far not endorsing Veriflora. “We dont take a posit
23、ion on green label programs because theres a multitude of them,“ says Peter Moran of SAF. “I dont see the problems on flower farms you read about in the newspapers. You dont eat flowers; its not the same as food.“ That kind of ambivalence is only one of the reasons why Veriflora backers will focus t
24、heir marketing efforts on supermarkets instead of florist shops. Over the last 10 years, supermarket sales of flowers in the U.S. increased from 17 to 29 percent of overall volume, while florist sales dropped from 70 to 47 percent. “There are only 50 supermarket players that we have to convince in t
25、he U.S.,“ adds Peter Ulrich, CEO of Esmeralda. “That is a lot easier than dealing with 1,200 wholesalers and 30,000 florists.“ But Ulrich also points to the next chicken-and-egg dilemma for organic flowers: American shoppers dont know enough about organic flowers to want them, and supermarkets may n
26、ot be willing to spend the money to educate consumers. Ulrich predicts that the costs of producing organic roses will be about twice that of normal ones. BioGarden, a small farm in Ecuador, is so far the worlds only U.S.-certified organic flower grower. The company began selling roses, calla lilies
27、and other flowers through Organic Bouquet two years ago. “We use chamomile as an insect repellant, along with crushed nettles, mint and milk curd,“ explains BioGarden owner Hernan Chiriboga. BioGardens biggest challenge so far is controlling diseases without synthetic pesticides. When BioGarden firs
28、t began producing organic flowers two years ago, production dropped by 35 percent. This year it will only be 25 percent less. Other growers say it is impossible right now to grow certain flowers organically. But Prolman believes the technology will develop rapidly-just as it did for strawberries 20
29、years ago. “These growers cant see how close to organic they are,“ he says. “You get them on the right path and they will run, especially when the market is rewarding them for it.“ （分数：71.00）(1).The American government does not encourage people to develop organic produce.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Ecuad
30、or and Colombia account for nearly half of all flowers sold in the U.S.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Eco-labels for flowers are initiated by Gerald Prolman in the world.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The protocols of Veriflora require that all growers live up to the “best practices“ possible.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5)
31、.Because flowers are generally not eaten, the U.S. Department of Agriculture neither regulates nor inspects them for_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Prolman launched Organic Bouquet in 2001 with the idea of_ over the Internet.（分数：7.10）_(7)._is the worlds largest supplier of flower seeds.（分数：7.10）_(8).SCS stands for_
32、.（分数：7.10）_(9).Verifloras five basic principles begin with organic production but also include _, water conservation and waste management.（分数：7.10）_(10).BioGardens biggest challenge so far is controlling diseases without_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Commenting on a picture.B.Lo
33、oking at some paintings.C.Painting a picture.D.Comparing two paintings.A.Driving a car.B.Taking a taxi.C.Going by train.D.Taking the subway.A.The temperature is not as high as the man claims.B.The room will get cool if the man opens the windows.C.She is following instructions not to use the air-cond
34、itioning.D.She is afraid the new epidemic SARS will soon spread all over town.A.He can make a reservation at the restaurant.B.The woman should decide where to eat.C.He already has plans for Saturday night.D.The woman should ask her sister for suggestions.A.The woman is not suitable for the position.
35、B.The job has been given to someone else.C.He had received only one application letter.D.The application arrived a week earlier than expected.A.Buy something to eat on the train.B.Take the five oclock train.C.Wait to catch a later train.D.Take the train to the airport.A.At a shopping center.B.At an
36、electronics company.C.At an international trade fair.D.At a DVD counter in a music store.A.How to buy a good computer.B.How to borrow a computer from the company.C.The price of the computer.D.The newly-bought computer.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.James Madison.
37、D.Abraham Lincoln.A.A British doll.B.Her best white dress.C.Her son.D.A picture of George Washington.A.The entire house.B.Six rooms only.C.The gardens only.D.The East Room only.A.George and his wife travel abroad for the holiday this year.B.George asked a friend for advice about a trip abroad.C.Geor
38、ge gets some advice from a friend about his possible trip abroad.D.George and his wife would like to travel abroad this holiday but they are still hesitating to do so.A.George always hesitates at everything.B.Georges wife is much too concerned about things at home.C.George cant really decide anythin
39、g at home.D.George and his wife hardly go anywhere for holiday year after year because they cant decided where to go.A.Whether they can afford the cost of the trip.B.Whether someone will take care of their house, garden and pets while they are away.C.Whether they should go by air or by sea.D.Whether
40、 the trip will keep them away from home for too long.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.A.If a child is given an allowance, he or she may spend all the money very soon.B.If a child is given an allowance, he or she may be spoiled and finally mined.C.If a child is given
41、 an allowance, he or she may feel responsible and careful about money.D.If a child is given an allowance, he or she may lose the money and can not return home.A.To question the opinion about pocket money.B.To compare Stephens with other financial experts.C.To explain that parents should be strict wh
42、en children are developing good habits about money.D.To suggest that pocket money is useless in developing a childs sense of responsibility.A.Paying children for their housework is no good.B.A childs initiative can be developed if he or she is paid for all the housework.C.Children may feel lost and
43、lonely if they have no pocket money.D.Children may learn to put aside some money if they are given an allowance.A.How to distinguish peoples faces.B.How to describe peoples personality.C.How to distinguish people both inward and outward.D.How to differ good persons from bad persons.A.To give an exam
44、ple that both human beings and animals can recognize faces.B.To tell how a skilled writer could describe all the features of different people.C.To indicate how pigeons and people look different.D.To show how faces are like fingers.A.Physician.B.Fictional writer.C.Psychologist.D.Historian.A.His physi
45、cal appearance and his action.B.His way of speaking and behaving.C.His learning and behavior.D.His way of acting and thinking.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The oldest and simplest method, then, of describing differences in personality was to (36) 1 people according to (37) 2. Such a system is called a
46、Typology. A famous example of this method was (38) 3forth in Greece about the year 400B.C. A (39) 4 named Hippocrates theorized that there were four (40) 5, or humors, in the body: blood, yellow bile(胆汁), black bile, and phlegm (粘液). (41) 6to each humor, there (42) 7a definite type of personality. A
47、 person in whom all four humors were in perfect balance had a (43) 8personality. (44) 9. Someone with too much yellow bile was irritable and easily angered. (45) 10. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be slow and unfeeling. (46) 11. Today, however, personality theories and classifications may also include factors such as heredity, the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
