1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 487 及答案解析(总分：426.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the cartoon, 2) interpret its meaning, and 3) point out its implications in ou
2、r life. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Domestic Service RobotsA. When Takanori Shibata began working on robot
3、s in the early 1990s, he had something practical in mind, perhaps to help the elderly with their daily chores. But he soon realized that robots were not really able to do anything useful, so he decided to make a robot that did not even trybut that could nevertheless deliver real benefits. B. The res
4、ult of his labors, Paro, has been in development since 1998. It is 57cm long and looks like a baby seal. Thanks to an array of sub-skin sensors, it responds amiably to stroking; and though it cannot walk, it can turn its head at the sound of a human voice and tell one voice from another. It is a com
5、forting and gentle presence in your arms, on your lap or on a table top, where it gives the impression of following a conversation. The best thing about it is that it seems to be helping in the care of people with dementia (痴呆) and other health problems. C. You could see Paro as a very well-designed
6、 $5,000 pet that will never turn on the person holding it, and will never be hurt if its master flies into a rage. It is as happy on one lap as the next, needs no house-training, can be easily washed and will not die. This makes it much more practical for a nursing home or hospital than a live pet.
7、It is used in such homes in Japan, in parts of Europe and in America. D. Paro can also act as a source of reassurance and calm. People with Alzheimer“s often suffer from “sun-downing“a distressed urge to wander that comes on towards the end of the afternoon. Mr. Shibata has found that a seal in the
8、arms tends to reduce such wandering, which means fewer falls. Experience in Italy, Denmark and America indicates that care homes equipped with Paro need less medication for their residents. Larger trials now under way in Australia should establish whether this and other benefits can be provided simp
9、ly by a soft toy, or whether Paro“s ability to interact with the world makes a clinical difference. E. If Paro proves to be more useful than a plush (毛绒) animal, there is a huge market for it. Akifumi Kitashima, who works on Japan“s robotics strategy at the Ministry for the Economy, Trade and Indust
10、ry, points out that in 2025 Japan will have 10.7 million more elderly people than it did in 2005. Though Japan is ageing particularly quickly, a lot of the rest of the world is on a. similar course. F. Looking after old people in homes might become easier with robots, be they mood enhancers like Par
11、o or something more practical that can help careworkers lift and reposition their charges (受照料者). Yoshiyuki Sankai, perhaps Japan“s best-known robotics entrepreneur, has set up a company called Cyberdyne to make wearable systems that help people walk and lift things by adding artificial strength to
12、their limbs. G. Robots may also make it possible for old people to stay independent in their own homes for longer. Mr. Angle says this is iRobot“s “long-term guiding star“, towards which the Roombaa cleaning robotis a small step. Mr. Gupta at the National Science Foundation thinks that general-purpo
13、se home-help robots would be a big advance which could be achieved in a couple of decades. Another robotics expert Mr. Ng points out that if you get a graduate student to teleoperate (远程操控) a PR2 robot, it can already do almost everything a home-help robot might be required to do, so all that is nee
14、ded is better software and more processing power, both of which are becoming ever more easily available. H. Cloud robotics can probably provide much of the required software. Mr. Pratt says that if there were dramatic performance improvements in the finals of the DARPA Robotics Challenge, he would e
15、xpect them to come from the cloud. I. But specific robot hardware will need upgrading, too. No robot hand yet comes close to the utility of the human hand. Tasks that require feedback in terms of force and fitlike putting a plug into a socketremain particularly hard for robots, and there are a lot o
16、f such tasks around a house. General technological progress will not help; the only way to find a solution to this sort of problem is to work specifically on it. J. Even more important will be interfaces (界面) to tell the robots what to do. Take-me-by-the-wrist Baxter, stroke-me Paro and the film-ena
17、bling mechanical arms of Bot it is one of the things they like about it. CoBot“s need for help with the lifts at Carnegie Mellon makes people warm to it, though being troubled for help by random robots in offices and shopping malls would probably not work so well. But if the interface is properly de
18、signed, teaching a home-help robot to do the job better might make it more welcome. L. It may also be a good idea to let the robots turn for help to people other than those they are working for. As Mr. Goldberg at Berkeley points out, the cloud does not just contain computers; it provides access to
19、a lot of humans, too. One of the things that make Aethon“s Tugs a success in hospitals is that the company“s headquarters has a staffed help desk which deals with queries from robots. If one gets stuck or lost, a remote operator can look through its eyes, check its logs and sort things out before th
20、e hospital even becomes aware that anything is wrong. If similar support could be provided for robot home helps, the occasional mistake might not matter. M. If the robot can call on a help desk, it can communicate with other people too, perhaps providing a way for friends and relatives to stay in to
21、uch. Some home-automation products already allow a degree of monitoring, notes Oz Chambers of Carnegie Mellon, but what they offer leaves much to be desired. It makes the adult offspring feel greater responsibilitywhich they often cannot exerciserather than giving them reassurance. The elderly, for
22、their part, can feel snooped (窥探) upon. A robot with a defined presence in the house might make a better intermediary. N. What matters, as iRobot and other practically minded companies have learned, is not so much having robots but having a business model that does a job, be it washing the dishes, c
23、hecking that medication is being taken or providing telepresence (远程监控). Producing something reliable and likeable that can be sold in large numbers and does not get its makers sued may prove a lot more difficult than simply developing the required robotic skills, but not impossible. O. To be sure,
24、robots will not spread as quickly as mobile phones have done. Over a decade they may not achieve much. Over a century, though, they could turn everyday life upside down.（分数：71.00）(1).Paro is adopted in a number of nursing homes around the world for its obvious advantages over a live animal.（分数：7.10）
25、2).It is suggested that robot producers offer human service that can help solve the problems a home-help robot may encounter.（分数：7.10）(3).A robot can help people with the lifts by providing extra strength to their arms.（分数：7.10）(4).It is ideal that a robot that allows monitoring covers only certain
26、 areas in the house.（分数：7.10）(5).A robot like Paro that needs to trouble people for help may conversely arouse their affection.（分数：7.10）(6).Some experts believe that home-help robots that can help the elderly live on their own will be realized in several decades.（分数：7.10）(7).Now research is being co
27、nducted to determine whether Paro can be replaced by other kinds of toys in nursing homes.（分数：7.10）(8).At present, the robot“s failure to fulfill many daily tasks is partly due to the limitations of its hardware.（分数：7.10）(9).Paro is designed so as to make people feel better by giving them a feeling
28、that they are chatting with it.（分数：7.10）(10).Japan isn“t the only country that has to face the problem of population aging in the near future.（分数：7.10）四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)This month, high school seniors across America are receiving college decision letters of accep
29、tance and rejection. Most of these students, and their parents, think that where they go to college will significantly affect their employment future. They think wrong. Today, whether you go to college retains some importance in your employment options. But where you go to college is of almost no im
30、portance. Whether your degree, for example, is from UCLA or from less prestigious Sonoma State matters far less than your academic performance and the skills you can show employers. The minor role that a job candidate“s college plays in hiring becomes clearer when you talk to California workforce pr
31、ofessionals. Kris Stadelman, director of the NOVA Workforce Investment Board in Silicon Valley, is a leader in understanding how hiring criteria changed in California. “Employers are interested in what skills you bring and how these skills can be used in their business,“ she says. In one study, NOVA
32、 interviewed tech employers and learned that mastery of current technologies is the most critical factor in their hiring decisions. Few employers even mentioned college degrees as a factor. “Especially in the tech industry, employers want to see skills applications rather than traditional rsums. Sho
33、w, don“t tell,“ says Stadelman. Over the past three years, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics regional commissioner Richard Holden and I have been researching hiring processes and criteria. We“ve found that this emphasis on skills extends beyond tech to other major employment sectors, including busines
34、s services, financial services, health care and hospitality. Employers seek people with skills that apply to the particular joband who have the ability to solve problems and work in a team. As a volunteer job coach, I encourage every young adult who is at all interested to attend college. Unless the
35、 family has a financial need, there is no reason for a young person to rush into the workforceespecially since our work lives now last an estimated 40 years. If you have the good fortune to choose among colleges, it is worth taking the process seriously. Obtain as much information as possible to eva
36、luate the location, size and educational specialties of every school. But remember: the particular college degree will be of little consequence, especially after you“ve been in the labor force for more than a few years. What“s most important is what you will do, at college and in life, to keep impro
37、ving your skills, to develop your character, to remain persistent. You“ll also need some luck.（分数：71.00）(1).What wrong concept does the majority hold according to the passage?（分数：14.20）A.The major a student selects means more than anything.B.The money students earn links to the fame of the college t
38、hey attend.C.The college from which a student graduates matters more.D.Personal development is diverse due to different college education.(2).According to NOVA study, tech employers think most highly of _.（分数：14.20）A.complete knowledge of employment criteriaB.total understanding about college rating
39、C.successful attainment of college degreeD.complete learning of popular technologies(3).Major employment sectors seek employees who _.（分数：14.20）A.have the spirit of teamworkB.are able to handle problems aloneC.are full of creative thinkingD.are traditionally efficient(4).Under which circumstance cou
40、ld young people hurry to get a job?（分数：14.20）A.There is an urgent need to improve personal working abilities.B.When it is necessary to build social connections and context.C.Family financial conditions disallow further education.D.When trying to seek professional guidance at workplace.(5).What does
41、the author suggest in the last paragraph?（分数：14.20）A.Learn skills to evaluate current environment.B.Make efforts to foster personal quality.C.Cherish the precious time of college education.D.Cultivate innovative and teamwork spirits.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)These days, nobody needs to cook. Fami
42、lies graze on high-cholesterol take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart of the modem house: what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to the 21st-century home
43、 The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status. In America the kitchen market is now worth $170 billion, five times the country“s film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a “major“ kitchen
44、overhaul in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazine, was a staggering $54,000; even a “minor“ improvement cost on average $18,000. Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson and though it cannot walk, it can turn its head at the sound of a human voice and
45、 tell one voice from another. It is a comforting and gentle presence in your arms, on your lap or on a table top, where it gives the impression of following a conversation. The best thing about it is that it seems to be helping in the care of people with dementia (痴呆) and other health problems. C. Y
46、ou could see Paro as a very well-designed $5,000 pet that will never turn on the person holding it, and will never be hurt if its master flies into a rage. It is as happy on one lap as the next, needs no house-training, can be easily washed and will not die. This makes it much more practical for a n
47、ursing home or hospital than a live pet. It is used in such homes in Japan, in parts of Europe and in America. D. Paro can also act as a source of reassurance and calm. People with Alzheimer“s often suffer from “sun-downing“a distressed urge to wander that comes on towards the end of the afternoon.
48、Mr. Shibata has found that a seal in the arms tends to reduce such wandering, which means fewer falls. Experience in Italy, Denmark and America indicates that care homes equipped with Paro need less medication for their residents. Larger trials now under way in Australia should establish whether thi
49、s and other benefits can be provided simply by a soft toy, or whether Paro“s ability to interact with the world makes a clinical difference. E. If Paro proves to be more useful than a plush (毛绒) animal, there is a huge market for it. Akifumi Kitashima, who works on Japan“s robotics strategy at the Ministry for the Economy, Trade and Industry, points out that in 2025 Japan will have 10.7 million more elderly people than it did in 2005. Though Japan is ageing particularly quickly,
