1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 256及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Changes of Urban Green Coverage Ratio based on the statistics provided in the bar graph below. Please convey th
2、e information in the graph. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.Alcohol abuse.B.Smoking.C.Depression.D.Schizophrenia.A.To prevent patients from smoking.B.To better understand
3、patients.C.To get patients occupied.D.To teach patients some skills.A.There were important space missions.B.The space agency lacked funding for the program.C.The current shuttle missions would continue.D.Congress failed to pass President Obama s budget.A.To set up a moon colony by 2020.B.To send ast
4、ronauts again to the moon by 2020.C.To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D.To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.A.Foreign investment.B.Donor support.C.Price control.D.Bank prediction.A.20 million percent.B.2.2 million percent.C.11.2 million percent.D.Over 11.2 million percent.A.Tough
5、er times will wait for Zimbabwe.B.The inflation situation will be eased.C.The future of the inflation is not clear.D.It was not mentioned in the news.5.Section B_A.Giving up smoking.B.Birth control of the family.C.Plan for seeing a doctor.D.Arrangement for breaking engagement.A.Smoking helps to less
6、en the pressure.B.Smoking helps him fall asleep quickly.C.He can get much happiness from smoking.D.Smoking brings more chances to make friends.A.See a doctor to get some help.B.Read books about the harm of smoking.C.Improve his self-controlling abilities.D.Receive mental health treatment.A.Smoking i
7、s the only bad habit the man should change.B.She doesn t love the man as deep as before.C.She doesn t want to have a baby if the man smokes.D.Maybe she will leave the man if he continues to smoke.A.At a bookstore.B.At a library.C.On the telephone.D.At the student center.A.Return it as quickly as pos
8、sible.B.Pay a fine because of the delayed return.C.Return it within 7 days of the recall notice.D.Return it within 7 days before the due date.A.Send an email to him.B.Impose an overdue fine on him.C.Ask his roommates to give him a message.D.Give the notice to his teacher of his department.A.Thirty c
9、ents a day.B.Thirteen cents a day.C.Thirty cents four day.D.Twenty-three cents a day.6.Section C_A.To examine the chemical elements in the Ice Age.B.To learn what s been happening on the sun s surfaceC.To analyze the composition of different trees.D.To find out the origin of carbon-14 on Earth.A.The
10、 life cycle of trees.B.The number of trees.C.The intensity of solar burning.D.The quality of air.A.It affects the growth of trees.B.It has been increasing since the Ice Age.C.It is determined by the chemicals in the air.D.It follows a certain cycle.A.Men who belong to organizations must wear jewelry
11、.B.Each new period brings some changes in clothing.C.Women do not like to look attractive in new clothes.D.Every woman wants to look attractive.A.They change to show their position in life.B.They change as fashions in beauty change.C.They change to attract other women.D.They change when dentists put
12、 on white clothing.A.Some men enjoy wearing special kinds of clothing.B.Soldiers do not allow delivery men to wear uniforms.C.All doctors and dentists wear coats at home.D.In ancient Greece, men wearing dresses were thought to be savages.A.Successful people.B.Famous people.C.Older people.D.Anyone.A.
13、They show you how to achieve success.B.They provide you with the experience you havent had.C.They tell you the secrets to gain certain abilities that you admire.D.They show you the way to better measure yourself.A.We should get to know everything about the model.B.We might be especially interested i
14、n people who are lucky.C.We should incorporate into ours the models characteristics that we admire.D.We should try to learn what kind of achievements the model has gained.A.Role models will tell us how well we are doing.B.We can compare ourselves with role models at the same stage that we are.C.We c
15、an measure ourselves against what role models have achieved.D.We can measure ourselves by looking at what successful people are doing.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arra
16、ngement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1of finger-prints and discovered that no 2similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case. The ridge 3on a person s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injur
17、ies. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one which bears a reproduction of the 4pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 5. Some criminals make use of this fact to 6their own finger-prints but this is a dan
18、gerous and rare step to 7. Finger-prints can be made very easily with printers ink. They can be recorded easily. With special methods, 8can be achieved successfully within a short time. Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving cr
19、iminal case. A 9man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his 10has been changed by age or accident. A)take B)uniqueness C)harmed D)identification E)structure F)naturally G)exactly H)position I)appearance J)original K)destroyed L)diminish M)doubtful
20、 N)remove O)suspected（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_It Isn t Easy Being Green Green stories of hotels A)Over the summer, I stayed at four hotels in the United States. They were all owned by different companies, but they had one thing in c
21、ommon: A little card on the bathroom counter telling me that the establishment was very concerned about the environment, and appealing to me to do my part to help them save the earth by hanging up my wet towels and using them again the next day. Two of the hotels also placed a card next to the bed i
22、nforming me that housekeeping would not change the sheets unless I left the card on the pillow. B)It is true that keeping all those towels clean requires an enormous amount of electricity and water and soap, and that cutting down on the number of loads of laundry would be more eco-friendly than my i
23、nsisting on a new towel each day. But am I a heartless cynic for doubting that a collective environmental anxiety has seized the hotel industry? C)Here is an alternative explanation: All that water, soap, and electricity costs a lot of money and eats into the hotels profits. A little card on the cou
24、nter telling customers that they wont get new towels because the hotel doesnt want to pay for laundry wouldnt go over very well. But by couching it as a green campaign, the hotels actually get credit for providing less service to their customers, while pocketing the difference. D)Industry groups tha
25、t advise hotels on becoming more environmentally friendly tend to stress the money theyll save just as much as the benefits to the planet. “Why should hotels be green?“ asks the Green Hotels Associations Web site. “Havent you heard? Being green goes directly to your bottom line.“ The site explains t
26、hat by getting guests to recycle towels and sheets, hotels can save 5 percent on utility bills. “Some days, housekeeping workers, who usually clean 15 rooms a day, dont change a single bed, “ said one satisfied hotel owner, who estimates that “70 percent of people staying more than one night partici
27、pate in the program.“ Another member reports that far fewer guests ask for new towels. E)So lets review: We give up a nice luxury to save the hotel money: the hotel congratulates itself on being green for peer pressuring us into giving up the luxury under the excuse of environmental consciousness: t
28、he hotel keeps the money. Nice work. After all, even if profit is the motive, the net result is a reduction in the hotel s “carbon footprint“. But here s what gets me: the hotels I stayed in this summer didnt seem all that interested in being green when it came to other things. The lobby of the big
29、resort was air conditioned to meet locker temperatures. All day long, that frosty air rushed out the vast double doors, which were left open in the July heat. The resort also had a fleet of big, gas guzzling(耗油的)vans idling at the curb to transport guests around the grounds. Green stories of compani
30、es F)Hotels are not the only offenders in this kind of green fakery. Some companies have embraced conservation for real. They build headquarters with solar panels and rainwater collection systems: they think of the environmental impact of every aspect of their businesses and actually change the way
31、they do things to reduce waste. But this is labor intensive, often expensive, and takes commitment. Faced with that, many corporations take a different approach: They dont do much of anything to change the way they do business, but make a big show of their contribution to Mother Earth. G)It s usuall
32、y easy to spot these companies: They make their customers do the work, and then take the credit. In the name of saving the planet, my cable TV operator keeps asking for permission to stop sending paper statements in the mail each month. Instead, firms are supposed to check my statement online. The r
33、eal reason, of course, is that doing so would save them paper, printing and postage. This is a perfectly reasonable reason for them to want me to switch. But when they pretend that it s all about the environment, it just makes me hate my cable company even more than I already do. Green stories of ad
34、 campaigns H)Sometimes a good ad campaign does a better job of enhancing a companys green reputation than going through the expense and difficulty of adopting actual environmentally sound practices. Billboards in Washington appeal to me to join the cause. “I will unplug stuff more, “ reads one. Anot
35、her says, “I will at least consider buying a hybrid(合成物).“ These ads are the work of Chevron, the giant oil company, whose “Will You Join Us?“ ads try to convince people that saving the planet is at the top of their fist. You might think that if Chevron was really worried about problems like global
36、warming, they would spend some of those dollars lobbying Congress to adopt stricter gas mileage(英里数)requirements for automobiles. They do not do this. Instead, firms are apparently supposed to praise them as environmental heroes because they tell me to unplug my toaster and think about getting a Toy
37、ota Prius. I)Yet, ad campaigns like these work. Chevron lands at No. 371 out of 500 companies on Newsweek s green ranks. But it claims the No. 62 spot when it comes to green reputation thanks in part to those pretty, polished ads. Green marketing has also helped Wal-Mart appear kinder and gentler in
38、 recent years. To be fair, the retailing giant has done more than redesign its logo. The company, which ranks 59th on Newsweeks list, has embraced a series of in-house green initiatives and is demanding its suppliers do the same. The result: Wal-Mart scores first place in our reputation survey. J)Gi
39、ven the power of positive marketing, it s easy to see why those little towel cards are so popular enough so that there are now a lot of companies that market them to hotels, along with all manner of products intended to make customers feel good about themselves while helping the hotels feel good abo
40、ut their bank balances. I suppose it is time that I step up and do my part. On behalf of the planet I will dutifully sleep on day-old sheets. But please, for the love of all that is good and right, keep the towels coming.（分数：20.00）(1).Some companies actually change the way they do things to reduce w
41、aste, while others are just green fakeries.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Cutting down the number of loads of laundry can save a large amount of electricity for the hotels.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Industry groups tend to emphasize the money hotels can save along with the benefits to the environment.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_
42、(4).Some green fakery companies make its customers do the work, and take benefit themselves.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Ad campaigns help companies raise their ranks of green reputation.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).In America, it is common for hotels to appeal to customers to recycle towels.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).It is
43、 estimated that seventy percent of the hotel guests are willing to participate in the green program and ask for fewer.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).It does better to set up an ad campaign with eco-friendly slogans to enhance a companys green reputation than do some actual practices.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).While n
44、ame the activities as a green campaign, the hotels save money for providing less service to their customers.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).All day long, frosty air rushed out the vast double doors of the lobby in the July heat.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_Is language, like food, a basic human need without whi
45、ch a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent. All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected. Today no such sever
