大学英语四级-112及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级-112 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、汉译英(总题数:5,分数:100.00)1.秧歌舞秧歌舞 (Yangko Dance)是中国的一种传统民间舞蹈,在东北地区最为流行。秧歌舞者通常穿上鲜艳多彩的表演服装,舞蹈动作迅速而有力。过去在农村,大型的秧歌队是为婚礼、生日宴会等场合组建的。春节期间,人们挨家挨户去扭秧歌,庆祝新年的到来并传承老一辈传统。如今在东北,许多老年人通过跳秧歌舞来保持身体健康。 (分数:20.00)_2.文成公主文成公主是 西藏历史 (Tibetan history)上最受人爱戴的皇后之一。这位美丽聪明的 唐朝 (the Tang Dy

2、nasty)公主于 640 年离开长安到西藏 和亲 (marriage of state)。除了大量的 珠宝 (jewellery),文成公主还给当地带去了唐朝先进的科学和农业技术。随行的文士和乐师等人员极大地促进了西藏文化的发展。文成公主为促进唐朝和西藏经济文化的交流,增进汉藏两族人民之间的关系,做出了历史性的贡献。 (分数:20.00)_3.烟花很多人将 烟花 (fireworks)和节庆联系起来。放烟花是中国庆祝新年重要的一部分。在中国传统文化中,烟花被用以驱赶邪恶的鬼魂。烟花在中国的发展历史悠久,其发明可以追溯到 2000 年前。传说有个厨师在烹饪时偶然弄出了有趣的火花,通过数代中国人

3、的努力,最终把烟花发展了起来。如今,由于燃放烟花污染环境,环保烟花的研究和开发已经展开。 (分数:20.00)_4.高山族高山族世代居住在中国的台湾省,人口约为 40 万。他们以农业生产为主,种植水稻、红薯和小米(millet)等。还有些族人以打猎和捕鱼为生。高山族没有本民族文字,但口头文学很丰富,有许多神话、传说和民歌。唱歌和跳舞是高山族人生活的一部分,每逢节日,他们都要聚集在一起唱歌、跳舞。高山族人还非常喜欢雕刻,刻得最多的是蛇身人首的图像。 (分数:20.00)_5.汉语水平考试汉语水平考试 (the HSK)于 1992 年正式成为我国国家级考试。它是为测试母语为非汉语者的汉语 水平

4、(proficiency)而设立的考试。它重点考查 考生 (examinee)在日常生活、学习和工作中运用汉语进行交流的能力。考试每年定期在国内和国外举行。目前,HSK 共有 50 个国内考点和 66 个国外考点。这些考点通常设置在一些高等院校内。到目前为止,已有来自 120 多个国家的 36 万人次参加了 HSK 考试。 (分数:20.00)_大学英语四级-112 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、汉译英(总题数:5,分数:100.00)1.秧歌舞秧歌舞 (Yangko Dance)是中国的一种传统民间舞蹈,在东北地区最为流行。秧歌舞者通常穿上鲜艳多彩的表演服装,舞蹈动

5、作迅速而有力。过去在农村,大型的秧歌队是为婚礼、生日宴会等场合组建的。春节期间,人们挨家挨户去扭秧歌,庆祝新年的到来并传承老一辈传统。如今在东北,许多老年人通过跳秧歌舞来保持身体健康。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:Yangko Dance is a traditional folk dance in China, and it“s especially popular in Northeast China. Yangko dancers usually wear bright and colorful costumes with movements being swift and

6、 vigorous. In the countryside, big Yangko teams used to be organized for wedding ceremonies, birthday parties and so on. During the Spring Festival, people went from house to house to perform Yangko, celebrating the coming of the New Year and carrying on the age-old tradition. Today in Northeast Chi

7、na, many elderly people take part in the Yangko Dance to keep fit. 解析 1第 2 句中的“舞蹈动作迅速而有力”可处理为与前半句并列,译作 and their movements are swift and vigorous,但不如将其处理成独立主格结构,译为 with movements being swift and vigorous 来表达更好。“舞蹈动作”直译为 dance movements,因前面已提到“舞者”,故可承前省略 dance。 2第 3 句句首的“过去在农村”为时间状语和地点状语,如果逐字对泽为 in t

8、he past, in the countryside,则显生硬,宜将“过去”这个时间点用短语 used to 来转译,置于句中。“过去在农村,大型的秧歌队是为组建的”译为 In the countryside, big Yangko teams used to be organized for.。范畴词“场合”可省略不译。 3第 4 句与前一句并列,都是讲述过去农村的情况,故该句也应用一般过去时。“庆祝新年的到来并传承老一辈传统”表伴随动作,用分词短语 celebrating the coming of.and carrying on.来表达。该句中的“扭秧歌”实际上指的是“跳秧歌舞”,故简

9、单译为 perform Yangko 即可,无需将“扭”(twist)译出。 4最后一句中的“通过跳秧歌舞来保持身体健康”,可将“跳秧歌舞”作为句子的谓语,“来保持身体健康”则处理成目的状语,用短语(in order) to keep fit 来表示。注意这里的“跳秧歌舞”并非指演出,故不译作 perform Yangko Dance,可译为 take part in the Yangko Dance 或 do Yangko Dance。2.文成公主文成公主是 西藏历史 (Tibetan history)上最受人爱戴的皇后之一。这位美丽聪明的 唐朝 (the Tang Dynasty)公主于

10、640 年离开长安到西藏 和亲 (marriage of state)。除了大量的 珠宝 (jewellery),文成公主还给当地带去了唐朝先进的科学和农业技术。随行的文士和乐师等人员极大地促进了西藏文化的发展。文成公主为促进唐朝和西藏经济文化的交流,增进汉藏两族人民之间的关系,做出了历史性的贡献。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:Princess Wencheng was one of the most beloved queens in Tibetan history. In 640 this beautiful and intelligent princess of the T

11、ang Dynasty left Chang“an for Tibet in a marriage of state. Along with a large quantity of jewellery, she also brought the local residents many advanced scientific and agricultural technologies of the Tang Dynasty. The accompanying staff like scholars and musicians greatly promoted the Tibetan cultu

12、re. Princess Wencheng made a historic contribution in improving economic and cultural exchanges as well as tightening the relationship of the two peoples between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet. 解析 1第 2 句中的“离开长安到西藏”可直译为 left Chang“an to come to Tibet,但不如用短语leave.for 表达来得简单地道,意为“离开前往”。 2第 3 句中的“除了大量的珠宝”中的

13、“除了”意为“包括在内,还有”,可译为 in addition to, besides, aside from 等,译文选用的 along with 有“随身带着”之义,更贴近原文。“给(什么人)带去(什么东西)”可套用 bring sb. sth. 结构来表达。“给当地”可以译为 to Tibet,但转译为“当地人”更符合逻辑,故译为 the local residents 或 the Tibetan people。 3翻译第 4 句的主语“随行的文士和乐师等人员”时,先译出中心词 the accompanying staff,再用such as 或 like 引出举例部分。staff 为总

14、称词,无复数形式。该句中的“促进了西藏文化的发展”译为promote the Tibetan culture 足以表达意思,无需再将 development 译出。 4最后一句的主干是“文成公主做出了历史性的贡献”,翻译时先译出此主干(Princess Wencheng made a historic contribution)。在哪方面作出贡献用介词 in,故“为促进唐朝和西藏经济文化的交流,增进汉藏两族人民之间的关系”可译作 in improving.as well as tightening.between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet。把“唐朝和西藏”和“汉藏”

15、合译为一个,用 between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet 来表达,可使译文更简洁。3.烟花很多人将 烟花 (fireworks)和节庆联系起来。放烟花是中国庆祝新年重要的一部分。在中国传统文化中,烟花被用以驱赶邪恶的鬼魂。烟花在中国的发展历史悠久,其发明可以追溯到 2000 年前。传说有个厨师在烹饪时偶然弄出了有趣的火花,通过数代中国人的努力,最终把烟花发展了起来。如今,由于燃放烟花污染环境,环保烟花的研究和开发已经展开。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:Many people associate fireworks with festivals and

16、celebrations. Fireworks are an important part of Chinese New Year celebration. In traditional Chinese culture, fireworks are used to drive away evil spirits. The development of fireworks in China is a long story dating back to more than 2,000 years ago. A legend tells of a cook who accidentally prod

17、uced an interesting flame when cooking. Finally fireworks were developed through the efforts of generations of Chinese people. Nowadays, because fireworks pollute the environment, the research and development of environment-friendly fireworks are on the go. 解析 1第 2 句“放烟花是的一部分”如果逐字对译为 Firing/Setting

18、off fireworks is a part of.,则稍显生硬,此处译作 Fireworks are a part of.已能达意,且更简洁。定语“中国庆祝新年”可用短语Chinese New Year celebration 来表达,也可译为 celebrating Chinese New Year。 2第 4 句“烟花在中国的发展,其发明可以”可翻译成并列结构 the development of fireworks in China.and its invention can date back to.,但这样处理译文显得冗长。故可把后半句“其发明可以”处理为状语,用现在分词短语 d

19、ating back to more than 2,000 years ago 来表达。 3第 5 句中的“传说有个厨师”可译为 a legend/story tells that a cook.,也可译为 a legend tells of a cook who.。时间状语“在烹饪时”可用从句 when he was cooking 来表达,亦可简译作 when cooking。由于“传说有个厨师”跟“最终把烟花发展了起来”的关系不是那么紧密,翻译后半部分时,可另起一句。该部分属于无主语句,翻译时需增译主语“人们”,译作 finally, people developed.。但因此句并不需要

20、强调施动者“人们”,故将受动者“烟花”转换成主语,用被动语态表达:Finally fireworks were developed.。4.高山族高山族世代居住在中国的台湾省,人口约为 40 万。他们以农业生产为主,种植水稻、红薯和小米(millet)等。还有些族人以打猎和捕鱼为生。高山族没有本民族文字,但口头文学很丰富,有许多神话、传说和民歌。唱歌和跳舞是高山族人生活的一部分,每逢节日,他们都要聚集在一起唱歌、跳舞。高山族人还非常喜欢雕刻,刻得最多的是蛇身人首的图像。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:The Gaoshan people, about 400 thousand in

21、total, have lived for generations in Taiwan Province. They mainly engage in farming, planting rice, sweet potato, millet and so on. And some live on hunting and fishing. The Gaoshans do not have their own script, but their spoken literature is quite rich with many myths, legends and folk songs. Sing

22、ing and dancing are a part of Gaoshan life. On every holiday, people gather to sing and dance. The Gaoshan people are also fond of carving and the most carved images are those with human heads and snake bodies. 解析 1第 1 句中的“人口约为 40 万”可处理为与前半句“高山族世代居住在”并列,译作 the population is about 400,000,但将其处理成介词短语

23、about 400,000 in total 作插入语更佳,译文也更简洁明了。 2第 2 句中的“他们以农业生产为主”中“以为主”可用短语 mainly engage in 来表达。“种植水稻、红薯”为补充说明,处理成伴随状语,用分词短语 planting rice.来表达。 3第 4 句中的“但口头文学很丰富,有许多神话、传说和民歌”中“很丰富”可用短语 sth. be rich 来表达,“有许多神话、传说和民歌”用介词短语 with many myths, legends.泽出。 4最后一句“高山族人还非常喜欢雕刻,刻得最多的是蛇身人首的图像”可用并列结构译作 The Gaoshan pe

24、ople are also fond of.and the most carved images are those with.。“图像”的定语“蛇身人首的”较长,故将其处理为后置定语,用介词短语 with human heads and snake bodies 来表达。5.汉语水平考试汉语水平考试 (the HSK)于 1992 年正式成为我国国家级考试。它是为测试母语为非汉语者的汉语 水平 (proficiency)而设立的考试。它重点考查 考生 (examinee)在日常生活、学习和工作中运用汉语进行交流的能力。考试每年定期在国内和国外举行。目前,HSK 共有 50 个国内考点和 66

25、 个国外考点。这些考点通常设置在一些高等院校内。到目前为止,已有来自 120 多个国家的 36 万人次参加了 HSK 考试。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:The HSK was officially made a national test in China in 1992. It is to test Chinese proficiency for non-native Chinese speakers. It focuses on examining the examinees“ ability to communicate in Chinese in daily life,

26、 study and work. The test is held regularly at home and abroad every year. At present, there are 50 domestic test centers and 66 oversea ones, all of which can mainly be found in colleges and universities. So far, a total of 360 thousand examinees from over 120 countries have participated in the tes

27、t. 解析 1第 1 句“汉语水平考试正式成为”可逐字对译为 The HSK officially became.,但不如译作 the HSK was officially made.更贴切地表达人为之义。 2在第 2 句中,“考试”的定语“为测试母语为非汉语者的汉语水平而设立的”太长,不宜将该句按汉语句式对译成主系表结构(it is a.test)。分析该句可知,其说明的是汉语水平考试(the HSK)的目的,故可将该定语处理成不定式短语 to test Chinese proficiency for non-native Chinese speakers,全句处理成 It is to test Chinese proficiency for non-native Chinese speakers。 3仔细分析第 5、6 句可发现,两句意思的关联性较大,可将其合译,后一句可处理成前一句的非限制性定语从句,译作 all of which can mainly be found in colleges and universities。 4在最后一句中,“36 万人次”的定语“来自 120 多个国家的”可用分词短语 coming from over 120 countries 来表达,但不如用介词短语 from over 120 countries 来表达更简洁。

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