1、大学英语四级 159 及答案解析(总分：746.53，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the topic “On the Mobile Phone“. The outline is given below in Chinese. Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write clearl
2、y. Outline: 1. 手机的好处; 2. 可能带来的问题; 3. 如何正确使用这个通迅工具。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Stock, in business and finance, is a share of ownership in a corporation. Shares in a corporation can be bought and sold, usually on a public stock exchange. Consequently, the owner of shares can real
3、ize a profit or capital gain if the stock is sold at a price above what the owner originally paid for it. Some companies enable stockholders to share in the profits of the company. These payments of corporate profits to stockholders are called dividends. In addition to having a claim on company prof
4、its, stockholders are entitled to share in the sale of the company if it is dissolved. They may also vote in person or by proxy on a variety of corporate matters, including the most important matter of who should run the corporation. When the company issues new stock, stockholders have priority to b
5、uy a certain number of shares before they are offered for public sale. Stockholders also receive periodic reports, usually quarterly, that provide information regarding the corporations business performance. Stocks generally are negotiable, which means stockholders have the right to assign or transf
6、er their shares to another individual. A stockholder is considered a business owner and has the protection of limited liability under United States laws. Limited liability means that a stockholder is not personally liable for the debts of the corporation. The most a stockholder can lose if the compa
7、ny fails is the amount of his or her investment - what he or she originally paid for the stock. This arrangement differs from that of other forms of business organization, which are known as sole proprietorships and partnerships. These business owners are personally liable for the debts of their bus
8、inesses. Corporations have good reasons to issue stocks. They issue stock in order to finance their business activities. This method of raising funds is only available to business firms organized as corporations; it is not available to sole proprietorships and partnerships. The corporation can use t
9、he proceeds of a stock offering in a variety of ways. Depending on the type of company, this might involve increasing research and development operations, purchasing new equipment, opening new facilities or improving old ones, or hiring new employees. An alternative to stock financing is debt financ
10、ing or the sale of bonds, an interest-bearing loan. This alternative is also available to sole proprietorships and partnerships. With the issuance of a bond a company typically promises to make periodic interest payments to the lender or bondholder as well as pay back the amount of the bond when the
11、 term of the bond comes to an end. Thus bonds are evidence of loans while stocks are evidence of ownership. Stocks and bonds are collectively known as securities. When a corporation first makes stock available for public purchase, it works with an investment banking firm to arrange an initial public
12、 offering (IPO). The investment bank acquires the first issue of stocks from the corporation at a negotiated price, and then makes the shares available for sale to its clients and other investors. A corporation can only have one IPO - the first time it makes stock available to the public. After its
13、IPO, a company is said to be public. Public corporations that need additional financing for further business development may choose to issue more stock at a later time. This is called a subsequent, or follow-on, offering. Some corporations may choose not to go public. In this case it is said to be a
14、 privately held corporation. A corporation may elect to remain private because it docs not want to share its profits, or it may not want to give up control to shareholders. Most of the information reported in the daily news media about the buying and selling of stock refers to transactions involving
15、 previously issued stock. The daily buying and selling of stock rarely involves IPOs. Almost all stock transactions are “second-hand transactions.“ The corporation that initially issued the stock is not directly involved. A corporations capitalized value refers to the market value of the stock that
16、it has issued and that remains outstanding - that is, available for sale or purchase. A corporation s capitalized value may be greater or less than its book value. Book value is the value of the corporation s assets as reflected in its accounting statements - that is, on its books. Capitalized value
17、 may also be greater or less than the corporations replacement value, the amount that it would take to replace all of the corporations assets. Corporations will sometimes split their stock. This means the corporation replaces outstanding shares with new shares on some multiple basis, such as a two-f
18、or-one or three for-one split. When a corporation splits its stock, it does not obtain any new funding. Splits usually occur when the market price of shares is deemed too high by corporate management. With a split the price of shares falls, making purchase by smaller investors more affordable. Keepi
19、ng a stock relatively affordable for smaller investors makes it easier for a corporation to raise money with a follow-on stock offering. Why People Buy Stock? Economic gain represents the primary motive for the purchase of stock. The gain or return from stock consists of two parts: dividends, the pe
20、riodic payments made from profits, and appreciation, the capital gain realized from selling a stock for more than its purchase price. An investor really has only two choices in acquiring the financial assets of a corporation - buying stocks or bonds. As a financial claim against a company, bonds tak
21、e precedence over all types of stock. Thus, they are a safer investment than stocks, especially in times of deflation (a period when the prices of goods and services are generally falling). Stocks, however, are usually the better investment during periods of inflation (a period when the prices of go
22、ods and services are generally rising) because they represent ownership of assets that will probably rise in value as fast as or faster than prices in general. Bemuse the dollar value of bonds is fixed, they cannot serve as a hedge or protection against inflation as do common stocks. （分数：71.00）(1).T
23、he passage mainly describes the value of the stocks from the view of the stockholders and the corporation. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The stockholders are entitled to decide who is in charge of the corporation. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Stockholders are not allowed to sell their shares to other people. （分数
24、：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Corporations that have IPOs are usually young companies in need of large amounts of capital. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The stock transactions among stockholders are not quite related to the public corporations. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).In order to gains more money from its investors,
25、a corporation may issue split stock. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Buying stocks is a better investing way compared with bonds when the purchasing power of money increases. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Stockholders can conduct their stock transactions on a_. （分数：7.10）_(9).If a corporation wants to be public, it
26、has to arrange a/an_. （分数：7.10）_(10).People benefit from stocks in obtaining two parts of return:_. （分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The man enjoys traveling by car.B.The man lives far from the subway.C.The man is good at driving.D.The man used to own a car.A.Tony should continue ta
27、king the course.B.She approves of Tonys decision.C.Tony can choose another science course.D.She cant meet Tony so early in the morning.A.She has to study for the exam.B.She is particularly interested in plays.C.Shes eager to watch the new play.D.She can lend her notes to the man.A.They will be repla
28、ced by on-line education sooner or later.B.They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.C.They will continue to exist along with on-line education.D.They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.A.Most students would like to work for a newspaper.B.Most students find a job by r
29、eading advertisements.C.Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.D.Most students dont want jobs advertised in the newspapers.A.Move the washing machine to the basement.B.Turn the basement into a workshop.C.Repair the washing machine.D.Finish his assignment.A.Some students at the b
30、ack cannot hear the professor.B.The professor has changed his reading assignment.C.Some of the students are not on the professors list.D.The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.A.She doesnt want to talk about the contest.B.Shes modest about her success in the contest.C.Shes spent tw
31、o years studying English in Canada.D.Shes very proud of her success in the speech contest.A.Talking about sports.B.Writing up local news.C.Reading newspapers.D.Putting up advertisements.A.They shouldnt change their plan.B.Theyd better change their mind.C.The tennis game wont last long.D.Weather fore
32、casts are not reliable.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.To use a cassette recorder and record all the lectures.B.To use a notebook to take notes.C.To read the material before lectures.D.To listen attentively.A.To read it word by word.B.To take notes when reading it.C.To read it aloud.D.To skim through i
33、t.A.American history.B.European history.C.American Revolution.D.French Revolution.A.For a presentation at a seminar.B.For an assignment by her professor.C.For a thesis required by the course.D.For an understanding about Dickens.A.Because she always finds the lecture boring.B.Because she has great in
34、terest in philosophy.C.Because she doesnt like the works of Dickens.D.Because she sees poor job opportunities with a degree of the course.A.Mary herself.B.Her professor.C.Her parents.D.Her friends.A.Supportive.B.Angry.C.Indifferent.D.Frustrated.A.The man-made building materials let out dangerous gas
35、es inside houses.B.There may be more harmful gases outside houses.C.The flow of air indoors is limited.D.Indoor air pollution can make a person seriously ill.A.By the building method through which the builders want to save energy.B.By the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside.C.By the
36、building things which are made of man-made materials.D.Not only by the limit of air -flow but also by the man-made materials.A.They may let out more oxygen which people need.B.They can absorb different kinds of the harmful indoor chemicals.C.They can take in all kinds of indoor pollutants.D.They can
37、 make your house prettier and safer.A.Argentina.B.Paraguay.C.Sweden.D.France.A.Two decades.B.Three decades.C.Four decades.D.Five decades.A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.A.England.B.Ivory Coast.C.Sweden.D.Germany.A.On the side of England.B.On the side of France.C.On the side of the United States.D.On the
38、side of themselves.A.At the beginning of the war.B.At the end of the war.C.In the middle of the war.D.It isnt mentioned in the passage.A.The English won many early battles.B.The French outlasted the English.C.In the war, the French expanded southward into Virginia.D.Both generals on the two sides we
39、re killed in the battle.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some years ago, an American policeman found a woman lying near a lonely road. She did not appear to have had an accident. But she was (36) 1and clearly in a state of shock. So he (37) 2her to the nearest hospital. She began to tell the doctor on dut
40、y the story which was astonishing and (38) 3. She had been driving along a country road when she had been stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying saucer by (39) 4which looked like human beings and which could easily make themselve
41、s understood although they could not speak. It was as though they could read her thoughts and she could read theirs. They (40) 5her politely and allowed her to leave after carrying out a number of tests on her. As she otherwise seems to be (41) 6, the doctor decided that she was probably (42) 7from
42、the side effects of some drug. The woman (43) 8on being allowed to go home. (44) 9. The police then started to make inquiries and soon discovered that there was already a search going on for the woman, whose husband had reported that she had disappeared. (45) 10. In front of the car, the surface of
43、the road had been completely destroyed not by an explosion or any thing of that kind, (46) 11.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)The trees arrived by post, a half-open parcel. They were thin-and straight, rath
44、er like arrows but with shiny leaves at one end and muddy roots at the other. Terry and his father took them down the garden and planted them in their prepared places. Terry had great hopes of the middle tree, now set in the memorial spot where Herry, his cat, run over, had been laid to rest a year
45、before. The pine trees made an avenue down one side of the garden, where there was already a fifteen-foot stone wall between the garden and the back-yards of the Jenkins Street houses. “Why do we want a row of trees as well as a wall?“ Terry asked his father. His father said, “ For privacy. These tr
46、ees grow very thickly. His fathers love of privacy often puzzled Terry, who was not one to keep himself to himself, but he could see part of the point here. The houses in Jenkins Street were on higher ground. His friend Leslie lived in number twelve, and Leslie had only to stand on a box to see righ
47、t over the wall. “Will the trees grow higher than the wall?“ Terry asked then. “ Oh. Yes, twice as high if not more. Itll take a few years but theyll grow. So they were going to have nine trees thirty feet tall, to keep them from being over-looked. Terry wondered why this was so desirable. He said, “ Our garden is very pretty. Why cant we let the people over the wall see it? That wouldnt be showing off, would it?“ “ No, I dont think it would be,“ his father said, “ Yet some people might feel a bit less happy if they can always see a good thing that isnt theirs. We dont
