1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 494 及答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. You should write a letter of thanks based on the outline given below in Chinese. 在你
2、生病住院期间，同班同学过来看望你，为此你给他们写信来表达你的感激之情，并告知现状。 写作导航 1.对同学的探望表示感谢；2.阐述同学的探望对自己带来的帮助；3.表明目前自己的现状；4.再次表示感谢并落款。 （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at
3、 a loss to explain it. All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gapthat women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don“t seek as many management rolesfailed to justify this one. These young women didn“t have kids yet. And because they
4、 were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had ,the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles. But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the uni
5、versity experience is still an unequal one. The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students“ years on campus. Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degr
6、ees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous (非常严格的) subjects, and ge
7、nerally head off with less ambitious plans. As a result, it“s not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling (栽倒) over the dilemmas their grandmothers“ generation sought to
8、 destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy (性感的)? All their lives, today“s young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passionto pursue science and sports, math and theaterand do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are not negotiating for higher
9、 salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing“.（分数：71.00）(1).Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because _.（分数：14.20）A.they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB.they do not feel as fit for management rolesC.they feel o
10、bliged to take care of their kids at homeD.they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities(2).What does the author say about America“s higher education system?（分数：14.20）A.It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B.It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.C.It does not t
11、ake care of women students“ special needs.D.It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.(3).What does the author say about today“s college experience?（分数：14.20）A.It is different for male and female students.B.It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C.It is more exhausting than mo
12、st women expect.D.It is not so satisfying to many American students.(4).What does the author say about women students in college?（分数：14.20）A.They have no idea how to bring out their best.B.They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C.They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D.They
13、 don“t perform as well as they did in high school.(5).How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?（分数：14.20）A.Women are too worn out to be ambitious.B.Women are not ready to take management roles.C.Women are caught between career and family.D.Women are not good a
14、t negotiating salaries.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)What makes a group intelligent? You might think a group“s IQ would be simply the average intelligence of the group“s members, or perhaps the intelligence of the team“s smartest participant. But researchers who study groups have found that this isn“
15、t so. Rather, a group“s intelligence emerges from the interactions that go on within the group. A team“s intelligence can be measured, and like an individual“s IQ score, it can accurately predict the team“s performance on a wide variety of tasks. And just as an individual“s intelligence is malleable
16、 (可塑的) and expandable, a group“s intelligence can also be increased. Here are five suggestions on how to guide the development of smart teams: 1. Choose team members carefully. The smartest groups are composed of people who are good at reading one another“s social cues, according to a study led by C
17、arnegie Mellon University professor Anita Williams Woolley and published in the journal Science. 2. Talk about the “how“. Many members of teams don“t like to spend time talking about “process,“ preferring to get right down to work but Woolley notes that groups who take the time to discuss how they w
18、ill work together are ultimately more efficient and effective. 3. Share the floor. In the most intelligent teams, found Woolley, members take turns speaking. Participants who dominate the discussion or who hang hack (畏畏缩缩) and don“t say much bring down the intelligence of the group. Alex Sandy Pentl
19、and, an MIT professor who studies group dynamics (团体动态), has found that in smart teams, members connect directly with one another not just with the team leader and they“re constantly engaging in “back channel“ or side conversations that supplement the main discussion. 4. Foster (培养) informal social
20、connections among members. The smartest teams spend a lot of time communicating outside of formal meetings, says Pentland. He tells of a call center where team members“ coffee breaks were staggered (错开的) across the workday. Changing the schedule so that all members had a coffee break at the same tim
21、e led them to do their work more efficiently and feel more satisfied with their jobs. 5. Be open to external influences. In the most successful groups, Pentland discovered, team members regularly take off on their own to explore and discover. They then bring that information back to the group, stimu
22、lating the group“s work with flesh insights fro1Tl the world outside the Conference room.（分数：71.00）(1).Which of the following is true about a group“s IQ?（分数：14.20）A.It equals to the IQ score of its smartest member.B.It helps increase its participant s“intelligence.C.It can predict its performance on
23、 various tasks.D.It makes the interactions between members possible.(2).What does Anita Williams Woolley say about members of intelligent teams?（分数：14.20）A.They pay attention to discussing work process.B.They prefer to get work done right away.C.They know clearly about every work process.D.They are
24、more capable of making use of time.(3).According to Alex Sandy Pentland, the intelligence of a group can be _.（分数：14.20）A.improved by its members“ direct contact with each otherB.increased by its members“ engagement in side conversationsC.expanded by the dominator of the group discussionD.brought do
25、wn with the absence of the team leader(4).What does Pentland mean by telling about the story of the call center?（分数：14.20）A.Coffee breaks make members more efficient and satisfied with their jobs.B.Informal social contacts among members establish more efficient work.C.Coffee breaks should be guarant
26、eed to team members across the workday.D.Team leaders“ formal meetings with members should be cancelled.(5).By “Be open to external influences.“ (Line 1, Para. 7), the author suggests _.（分数：14.20）A.teams absorb new insights from the world out of the officeB.teams leaders do not sitting in their offi
27、ce and issue ordersC.team members explore and discover all by themselvesD.teams accept both good and bad effects brought by other teams六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.中国梦中华民族历经磨难(trials and tribulations)，自强不息，从未放弃对美好梦想的向往和追求。实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦是近代以来中华民族的夙愿。实现中国梦，必须弘扬中国精神。用以爱国主义为核心的(patriotism-imbued)
28、民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神振奋起全民族的“精气神”。实现中国梦，必须凝聚中国力量。我们要用 13 亿中国人的智慧和力量，把我们的国家建设好，把我们的民族发展好。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 494 答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha
29、n 180 words. You should write a letter of thanks based on the outline given below in Chinese. 在你生病住院期间，同班同学过来看望你，为此你给他们写信来表达你的感激之情，并告知现状。 写作导航 1.对同学的探望表示感谢；2.阐述同学的探望对自己带来的帮助；3.表明目前自己的现状；4.再次表示感谢并落款。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 A Letter For GratitudeDear Classmates, First of all, please allow me to say “
30、Thank you“ to all of you. It is very kind of you to spare your valuable time during the period of final examinations and come to see me. Your visit has brought me much confidence and power to overcome the illness. During the first several days in hospital, I felt quite lonely, anxious and frightened
31、. I was almost collapsed by some pessimistic thoughts. But then you shown up, along with your smiling faces and warm words. Your appearance has made me feel that I am the luckiest person in this wonderful world. Now I regard the illness as nothing but a chance to harden myself. These days my conditi
32、on has obviously improved thanks to the Careful treatment by the doctors and nurses. I will probably get recovered in a couple of weeks. I hope that I can see you earlier. Again, special thanks go to all of you. Sincerely Yours,Li Ming二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)W
33、hen young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it. All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gapthat women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that the
34、y don“t seek as many management rolesfailed to justify this one. These young women didn“t have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had ,the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles. But there are other reasons
35、why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students“ years on campus.
36、Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off durin
37、g their college years. They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous (非常严格的) subjects, and generally head off with less ambitious plans. As a result, it“s not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college
38、experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling (栽倒) over the dilemmas their grandmothers“ generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy (性感的)? All their lives, today“s young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passionto pursue scie
39、nce and sports, math and theaterand do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing“.（分数：71.00）(1).Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because _
40、.（分数：14.20）A.they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB.they do not feel as fit for management roles C.they feel obliged to take care of their kids at homeD.they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities解析：第 2 段第 1 句破折号中间的内容是人们的传统看法，指出女性挣钱比男性少是因为女性要离开职场养育孩子，或者是因为女性没有寻求同样多的管理职位，故答案为 B)。其
41、中的 do not feel as fit for management roles 是对 don“t seek as many management roles 的同义转述。A)是根据第 4 段最后一句设置的干扰；C)中的“感觉有义务”在文中并没有体现；D)在文中找不到依据。(2).What does the author say about America“s higher education system?（分数：14.20）A.It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B.It does not consider its
42、 economic impact on graduates. C.It does not take care of women students“ special needs.D.It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.解析：第 3 段第 3 句指出，美国高等教育体系设计并未重视学生在校学习几年后会得到的经济成果，故答案为 B)。其中的 does not consider its economic impact 是对 is not designed to focus on the economic consequences 的
43、同义转述。A)和 C)在文中没有提及；D)是根据第 4 段最后一句中的 tend to major in less rigorous subjects 设置的干扰。(3).What does the author say about today“s college experience?（分数：14.20）A.It is different for male and female students. B.It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C.It is more exhausting than most women expect
44、.D.It is not so satisfying to many American students.解析：这三句均指出大学经历是不平等的。根据文章可知，这里所说的不平等是指对男学生和女学生来说，大学经历是不平等的，故答案为 A)。其中的 different 是对 unequal 的同义转述。B)是根据最后一段第2 句中的 still stumbling over 设置的干扰；C)是根据最后一段最后一句中的 They are too exhausted设置的干扰；D)在文中没有提及。(4).What does the author say about women students in c
45、ollege?（分数：14.20）A.They have no idea how to bring out their best.B.They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C.They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D.They don“t perform as well as they did in high school. 解析：第 4 段第 3 句指出，研究表明，尽管女孩在高中时表现得比男孩好，但是在大学那几年，她们的优势开始衰退，故答案为 D)。其中的 don
46、“t perform as well 是对 trail off 的同义转述。A)和 C)在文中没有提及；B)是根据该段最后一句中的 tend to major in less rigorous subjects 设置的干扰。(5).How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?（分数：14.20）A.Women are too worn out to be ambitious. B.Women are not ready to take management roles.C.Wo
47、men are caught between career and family.D.Women are not good at negotiating salaries.解析：末段倒数第 2 句指出，女大学生在刚出校园时并没有就更高薪资进行谈判。最后一句解释了原因：她们太累了，太害怕失败了。而这同样也是解释男性和女性之间薪酬差距的原因，故答案为 A)。其中的too worn out 是对 too exhausted 的同义转述。B)和 C)均不是刚毕业的女性遇到的问题；D)中的“不善于”在文中得不到体现。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)What makes a gr
48、oup intelligent? You might think a group“s IQ would be simply the average intelligence of the group“s members, or perhaps the intelligence of the team“s smartest participant. But researchers who study groups have found that this isn“t so. Rather, a group“s intelligence emerges from the interactions that go on within the group. A team“s intelligence can be measured, and like an individual“s IQ score, it can accurately predict the team“s performance on a wide variety of tasks. And just as an individual“s intelligence is malleable (可塑的) and expandable, a group“s intelligence can a
