1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 501及答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on advantages of acquiring a foreign language. You s
2、hould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)England“s education system is wasting young talent “on an industrial scale“ because of poor progress made by the brightest disadvantaged children once they leave prim
3、ary school, Alan Milburn, chair of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission, said after publication of a report detailing the educational differences on an industrial scale that emerge by the age of seven. The report found that children from poor or disadvantaged backgrounds who achieve the
4、highest levels at primary school have in most cases fallen behind their less-able but better-off peers by the time they sit GCSE exams five years later. Of almost 8,000 disadvantaged students who achieved top grades in English and maths standardised tests at age 11, only 900 went on to study at an e
5、lite university. But if disadvantaged children performed as well at secondary school as their better-off peers, another 2,200 would later study at the likes of Oxford or Manchester universities. The researchers from the Centre for Analysis of Youth Transitionsfunded by the DfEconcluded that the peri
6、od between the end of primary school and taking GCSE exams “appears to be a crucial time to ensure that higher-achieving pupils from poor backgrounds remain on a high achievement trajectory (轨道).“ The Sutton Trust has previously shown that England“s best comprehensives take only half the national av
7、erage of disadvantaged pupils, while selective schools such as grammars miss out on many able pupils from deprived backgrounds. “We need to open up our best comprehensives and grammars, with fairer admissions and outreach policies, and we need to ensure that admission to leading independent day scho
8、ols is based on ability, not ability to pay,“ said Conor Ryan, director of research at the trust. The bright spot in the report was its finding that children from the most deprived backgrounds had a slightly improved chance of getting into top universities despite their lower grades at A-level. Only
9、 2.5% of pupils who were on free school meals throughout their school career achieved A or B grades in three or more A-level papers. The researchers suggested the difference could be due in part to some elite universities taking account of social background in admissions.（分数：71.00）(1).What problem i
10、s the education system of England causing?（分数：14.20）A.It makes the poorer children do badly by the age of 7.B.It makes universities more commercial.C.It causes educational inequality at primary schools.D.It wastes young talent from poor backgrounds on a large scale.(2).Why is it important for disadv
11、antaged children to perform well at secondary school?（分数：14.20）A.They can get more chances to go to elite universities.B.They can share the same privileges as better-off peers.C.They can take GCSE exams in advance.D.They can have school meals for free.(3).What“s the crucial time for top-performing p
12、oor children to keep high-achieving?（分数：14.20）A.During primary school and secondary school.B.Before taking GCSE exams at secondary school.C.After taking A-level exams at high school.D.Between finishing primary school and taking GCSE exams.(4).According to Conor Ryan, England“s best comprehensives an
13、d grammars _.（分数：14.20）A.emphasize pupils“ ability to pay in admissionsB.take in more than half of disadvantaged pupilsC.despise able pupils from poor backgroundsD.advocate fair and reasonable admission policies(5).According to the researchers, disadvantaged children“s slightly improved chance of ge
14、tting into top universities is partly caused by _.（分数：14.20）A.the university admissions based on their abilityB.universities“ consideration of their social backgroundC.their lower percentage of achieving high A-level resultsD.their high grades in A-level五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Health experts ha
15、ve called adolescents to avoid salty diets, warning that such diets were capable of causing hypertension (高血压), as they grow older. The experts, who spoke in Lagos during cardiovascular (心血管的) grass root programme organised by Chike Okoli Foundation in collaboration with Lagos State Ministry of Educ
16、ation for over 1,000 senior secondary students (SSS) of Dairy Farm Senior Secondary School, Lagos, also urged adolescents to be mindful of their lifestyles as whatever they do today have future implications on their heart. The grass root programme is an annual event aimed to educate, create awarenes
17、s and screen students in secondary school of heart related diseases in memory of Chike Okoli, who died at the age of 25 of cardiovascular disease. This year, the programme is targeting over 10,000 students in Lagos public schools. Public health physician and resident doctor at the university of Lago
18、s Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Dr Idiakhoa Iyare, who was one of the guest lecturers for the programme, said the importance of the cardiovascular grass root programme could not be over emphasised as exposing young ones to implications of their lifestyles would save them from deaths and sufferings that
19、could result from future cardiovascular diseases. “If we call hypertension a silent killer, it means that it is going to be silent for a long time,“ Iyare said. “But if we could make the children get aware earlier and start focusing on healthy ways of living while they are much younger, it would be
20、easier for them to modify their habits while they are young.“ Programme Coordinator of Chike Okoli Foundation, Mrs. Beaty Alfred, said that the programme was important to raise the health status of students in Lagos schools because “we believe that they are ignorant of the implications of some of th
21、eir lifestyles,“ adding that “we want to catch them young.“ The students were taken through series of lectures on the causes, implications and how to avoid hypertension by various experts from LUTH. Blood pressures of the students were also measured. Iyare added that hypertension is different from h
22、igh blood pressure, which could arise from increased activities. The public health physician said: “Hypertension is a persistently elevated blood pressure. That means that the blood pressure is greater than 140-millimetre mercury systolic blood pressure and greater than 90-millimetre mercury diastol
23、ic blood pressure.“（分数：71.00）(1).What can we know about cardiovascular grass root programme?（分数：14.20）A.It is organised by Chike Okoli.B.It is held once a year.C.It is a lecture on heart related diseases.D.It is started by Lagos State Ministry of Education(2).Dr Idiakhoa Iyare _.（分数：14.20）A.is a gue
24、st expert at LUTHB.has a residence in LagosC.was teaching in the university of LagosD.worked for the grass root programme(3).Why does Iyare call hypertension a silent killer?（分数：14.20）A.It usually takes away people“s life silently.B.People suffering from it would lose their voice.C.People with such
25、disease would say nothing about it.D.It will have no symptom before it gets serious.(4).What is the importance of the programme according to Mrs. Beaty Alfred?（分数：14.20）A.It helps students know well of the implications of some of their lifestyles.B.It enables students to catch tip with their peers w
26、hen they are much younger.C.The health status of students can only be raised by participating in the programme.D.It significantly reduced the number of students who die from heart related diseases.(5).The blood pressure of a patient with hypertension _.（分数：14.20）A.can arise from increased activities
27、B.is between 90 to 140 millimetre mercuryC.can not be easily changed by external causesD.is greater than that of a patient with high blood pressure六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.中国经济已经出现了明显的结构改善的迹象。一方面， 贸易顺差 (trade surplus)出现了明显而持续的下降，其主要原因不是出口的放缓，而是进口的加速；另一方面，居民消费占国内生产总值的比重从2007年开始就持续上升。这些结构调整
28、方面的明显改进应归功于市场，是市场的力量推动结构调整。中国经济应该 坚定不移地 (unswervingly)沿着 市场化 (marketalization)方向走下去。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 501答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description
29、of the picture and then express your views on advantages of acquiring a foreign language. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 Advantages of Acquiring a Foreign LanguageThe picture shows a king and a queen. The king is studying a foreign language, w
30、hile the queen is curious about the reason. Her guess is that the king feels insecure so he learns the language to learn about their potential enemy. Though we don“t need to worry about fighting against a country, there are still many advantages of learning a foreign language. Today, the whole world
31、 is connected. People from different countries work together for different reasons. If you know a foreign language, you can communicate directly with foreigners, and you can learn more about their life and their country than from books. The language skill will help you greatly in job hunting. It can
32、 also enrich your life experience. When you learn a language, you also learn the culture of the country where the language is spoken. You can broaden your horizon and knowledge. It“s really important to learn a foreign language.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)England“
33、s education system is wasting young talent “on an industrial scale“ because of poor progress made by the brightest disadvantaged children once they leave primary school, Alan Milburn, chair of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission, said after publication of a report detailing the educatio
34、nal differences on an industrial scale that emerge by the age of seven. The report found that children from poor or disadvantaged backgrounds who achieve the highest levels at primary school have in most cases fallen behind their less-able but better-off peers by the time they sit GCSE exams five ye
35、ars later. Of almost 8,000 disadvantaged students who achieved top grades in English and maths standardised tests at age 11, only 900 went on to study at an elite university. But if disadvantaged children performed as well at secondary school as their better-off peers, another 2,200 would later stud
36、y at the likes of Oxford or Manchester universities. The researchers from the Centre for Analysis of Youth Transitionsfunded by the DfEconcluded that the period between the end of primary school and taking GCSE exams “appears to be a crucial time to ensure that higher-achieving pupils from poor back
37、grounds remain on a high achievement trajectory (轨道).“ The Sutton Trust has previously shown that England“s best comprehensives take only half the national average of disadvantaged pupils, while selective schools such as grammars miss out on many able pupils from deprived backgrounds. “We need to op
38、en up our best comprehensives and grammars, with fairer admissions and outreach policies, and we need to ensure that admission to leading independent day schools is based on ability, not ability to pay,“ said Conor Ryan, director of research at the trust. The bright spot in the report was its findin
39、g that children from the most deprived backgrounds had a slightly improved chance of getting into top universities despite their lower grades at A-level. Only 2.5% of pupils who were on free school meals throughout their school career achieved A or B grades in three or more A-level papers. The resea
40、rchers suggested the difference could be due in part to some elite universities taking account of social background in admissions.（分数：71.00）(1).What problem is the education system of England causing?（分数：14.20）A.It makes the poorer children do badly by the age of 7.B.It makes universities more comme
41、rcial.C.It causes educational inequality at primary schools.D.It wastes young talent from poor backgrounds on a large scale. 解析：解析 根据题干关键词 education system, England定位到第一段。由于最聪明的贫困家庭的孩子一旦离开小学所取得的糟糕进步，英国的教育体系正在“从工业规模上”浪费年轻人才。由此可知，英国的教育体系正在大量地浪费来自贫困家庭的年轻人才。故答案为 D项。(2).Why is it important for disadvanta
42、ged children to perform well at secondary school?（分数：14.20）A.They can get more chances to go to elite universities. B.They can share the same privileges as better-off peers.C.They can take GCSE exams in advance.D.They can have school meals for free.解析：解析 根据题干关键词 disadvantaged children, perform well定
43、位到第二段最后一句。但是如果贫困学生在中学与其富裕的同龄人学习成绩一样好，那么还有 2200人会在像牛津大学或曼彻斯特大学这样的大学上学。即如果贫困生在中学学习成绩好，他们就会有更多的机会上好的大学。故答案为 A项。(3).What“s the crucial time for top-performing poor children to keep high-achieving?（分数：14.20）A.During primary school and secondary school.B.Before taking GCSE exams at secondary school.C.Afte
44、r taking A-level exams at high school.D.Between finishing primary school and taking GCSE exams. 解析：解析 根据题干关键词 crucial time定位到第三段。研究者们总结说，从小学结束到参加 GCSE考试这一时间段似乎是确保贫困家庭成绩较好的学生维持好成绩的关键时期。故答案为 D项。(4).According to Conor Ryan, England“s best comprehensives and grammars _.（分数：14.20）A.emphasize pupils“ abil
45、ity to pay in admissions B.take in more than half of disadvantaged pupilsC.despise able pupils from poor backgroundsD.advocate fair and reasonable admission policies解析：解析 根据题干关键词 Conor Ryan, best comprehensives and grammars定位到第四段最后一句。Conor Ryan说，我们需要通过更为公平的招生录取和外展政策，开放我们最好的综合性学校和文法学校，而且我们需要确保主要的私立走读
46、学校的招生是基于学生的能力而不是他们的支付能力。由此可知，英国最好的综合性学校和文法学校在招生时更看重学生的支付能力。故答案为 A项。(5).According to the researchers, disadvantaged children“s slightly improved chance of getting into top universities is partly caused by _.（分数：14.20）A.the university admissions based on their abilityB.universities“ consideration of t
47、heir social background C.their lower percentage of achieving high A-level resultsD.their high grades in A-level解析：解析 根据题干关键词 the researchers, slightly improved chance定位到最后一段。作者在该段第一句指出，这份报告的亮点就是它发现那些最贫困的孩子尽管在 A-level上的分数较低，但他们进入名牌大学的机会有了些许的提高。最后一句提到，研究者们认为这种差异可能部分地归因于一些名牌大学在录取学生的时候将社会背景纳入考虑范围。故答案为 B
48、项。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Health experts have called adolescents to avoid salty diets, warning that such diets were capable of causing hypertension (高血压), as they grow older. The experts, who spoke in Lagos during cardiovascular (心血管的) grass root programme organised by Chike Okoli Foundation in collaboration with Lagos State Ministry of Education for over 1,000 senior secondary students (SSS) of Dairy Farm Senior Secondary School, Lagos, also urged adolescents to be mindful of their lifestyles as whatever they do today have future implications on their heart. T
