1、翻译二级口译实务-(暂无语音，提供参考 3及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.Passage 1下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group.Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food crisis on the cont
2、inent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts.Africa has faced food crises in the past; it has faced dead
3、ly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in states with limited capacity and resources.But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens food insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an em
4、aciated capacity to govern and provide services.We cannot freed viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time.Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land that do not produ
5、ce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the farmers lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology.This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.Thirty million Afric
6、ans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hungry.The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food production with seven milli
7、on African farmers already dead - is only too obvious. Infection rates are rising among African women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected.Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next. Both
8、 at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverted from food production to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality.Clearly, breaking this destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to governance. It will re- quire
9、strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease.This interlocking set of issues facing Africa is far greater than the sum of its p
10、arts. Ad- dressing the issue I have raised requires a new, integrated response from both the Governments of Africa and the international community. It requires a shift from short-term approaches to a reassessment of our entire strategy for development or, taking long-term measures even when addressi
11、ng short-term emergencies.Ladies and gentlemen,The United Nations family is already joining forces to mount the coordinated effort needed. I hope you will work across the board with us, and with the Governments of Africa, in developing the range of revolutionary approaches we need to tackle the dead
12、ly triad and break the pattern of food crises in Africa.I opened my remarks with a message of despair; let me close with one hope. Yes, this is an unprecedented set of challenges. But your presence here today tells me that we have unprecedented consensus on the need to confront them. Together, we mu
13、st mobilize the political will to succeed.Thank you very much. （分数：25.00）_2.Passage 2下面你将听到的这段讲话，主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,First of all, I wish to congratulate the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) and the Interpol on the success of this con
14、ference, a conference which has attracted over 500 delegates including anti-corruption experts, law enforcers, representatives from world organizations, and financial institutions and academia from around the world. It is indeed a great honors for Hong Kong to co-host this global conference with the
15、 worlds preeminent organization.I would also like to extend my warmest welcome to all our participants, who come from all over the world and yet share a commitment to the same cause. The participation of 65 law enforcement agencies from more than 59 jurisdictions and eight international organization
16、s in this conference reflects a truly global partnership in fighting corruption.Corruption is a social crime. Its adverse effects on a society can be very significant if left unchecked. It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some ca
17、ses may trigger social and political unrest.With accelerated economic globalization and rapid advances in technology, corruption to- day transcends national boundaries, and has taken on a new dimension. It has become a means to facilitate and perpetuate syndicated crimes, including international mon
18、ey laundering schemes, massive commercial fraud seams, cross-border drug trafficking, smuggling of human beings and many other serious crimes.To tackle corruption as a global issue and a cross-border crime, we need a global approach and a border-less alliance. Hong Kongs ICAC and Interpol have built
19、 up a very solid relation- ship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and strategic alliance.Hong Kong is a premier international financial center and is widely recognised as one of the most competitive and freest economies in the world. Among the ma
20、ny fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt places in the world.Despite these achievements, there is no room for complacency. At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring.Thi
21、s conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption. I am sure everyone here will benefit in one way or another.Ladies and Gentlemen,I now declare the Conference open, and wish you a fruitful and very memorabl
22、e stay in Hong Kong.Thank you. （分数：25.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)3.Passage 1下面你将听到一段有关中美贸易关系的讲话。在冷战结束后的新形势下，两国要不要及如何发展双边关系，是中美两国面临的重大课题。“永久正常贸易关系”的通过表明，在美国，支持发展中美关系的力量占了上风，美国政府、国会、工商企业界和公众的主流都支持以建设性的态度与中国打交道。其次，中美关系的内涵得到了丰富。经贸关系是两国总体关系的组成部分，中美互为重要贸易伙伴，美国还是中国的主要外资来源国，没有稳定、良好的经贸合作关系，政治关系就会空心化，就会缺乏前
23、进的动力，失去公众的参与热情。良好的经贸合作关系可以对两国政治关系产生促进作用，特别是在政治关系出现波动时可发挥减震作用。第三，增进了两国的互信和合作气氛。美国几乎给予世界上所有国家正常贸易关系的待遇，惟独将中国这样一个大国排除在外。这本身就是一种歧视，一种不信任。不解决这个问题，中国人民就无法理解中美关系的必要性，就会怀疑美国的合作诚意。没有人民的支持和参与，国家关系就难以发展。同时，建立正常贸易关系后，随着商品和人员往来的增加，投资和管理经验的引进，两国间的了解无疑会加深，误解也会减少。第四，向中国在亚太地区的邻国发出积极的信号。中国是亚太大国，美国也自称是亚太国家，在地区有重要的影响力。
24、中美友好，则亚太国家获益；中美敌对，则亚太国家遭殃。中美建立正常贸易关系，就是向亚太国家表明，两个大国愿意友好相处，有通过谈判解决分歧的意愿和能力。这对维护地区稳定，促进经济繁荣将产生长远影响。 （分数：25.00）_4.Passage 2下面你将听到一段有关云南少数民族情况介绍的讲话。文山壮族苗族自治州位于云南省东南部，东与广西相连，南与越南接壤，边境线长达 438公里，总面积 3万多平方公里，和海南省差不多。文山州有悠久的历史，境内发现过古人类牙齿化石，说明远古时期就有人类在此生息、劳动。文山州物产丰富，矿业开发前景良好，土特产品久负盛名，三七种植面积和产量均占全国 85%以上。文山州居住
25、着汉、壮、苗、瑶、彝、回、布依、傣、白、蒙古、仡佬等 11个民族的 327万人。在“九五”期间，在党中央、国务院的关怀下，在云南省委、省政府的领导下，州委、州政府团结带领全州各族人民认真贯彻改革开放方针，大力发展经济，改善人民生活，圆满完成“九五”计划的目标，民族团结，社会稳定，经济高速增长，是自治州成立以来社会经济发展最快的时期。2001年经济继续保持良好发展，为“十五”计划开了个好头。一是国民经济总产值增长 93%，占全省第二位；二是基础设施建设取得重大突破，完成一大批公路建设项目；三是产业结构由上年的 38:25:37调整为 36:26:38；四是对外开放迈出新的步伐，成功举办了第三届特
26、产文化节，塑造了文山新形象；五是扶贫开发成绩突出，2001 年又解决了 33万贫困人口的基本温饱，农民人均年收入达 763元。 （分数：25.00）_翻译二级口译实务-(暂无语音，提供参考 3答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.Passage 1下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group.Your focus on food secu
27、rity in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on m
28、ultiple fronts.Africa has faced food crises in the past; it has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in states with limited capacity and resources.But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa f
29、aces a deadly triad of related burdens food insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services.We cannot freed viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time.Food insecurity in Africa has structur
30、al causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land that do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the farmers lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology.This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact o
31、f recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.Thirty million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hun
32、gry.The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food production with seven million African farmers already dead - is only too obvious. Infection rates are rising among African women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected.Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge ar
33、e dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next. Both at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverted from food production to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality.Clearly, breaking this
34、destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to governance. It will re- quire strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease.This int
35、erlocking set of issues facing Africa is far greater than the sum of its parts. Ad- dressing the issue I have raised requires a new, integrated response from both the Governments of Africa and the international community. It requires a shift from short-term approaches to a reassessment of our entire
36、 strategy for development or, taking long-term measures even when addressing short-term emergencies.Ladies and gentlemen,The United Nations family is already joining forces to mount the coordinated effort needed. I hope you will work across the board with us, and with the Governments of Africa, in d
37、eveloping the range of revolutionary approaches we need to tackle the deadly triad and break the pattern of food crises in Africa.I opened my remarks with a message of despair; let me close with one hope. Yes, this is an unprecedented set of challenges. But your presence here today tells me that we
38、have unprecedented consensus on the need to confront them. Together, we must mobilize the political will to succeed.Thank you very much. （分数：25.00）_正确答案：(参考译文欢迎各位来到联合国，参加本联络小组的第一次会议。你们很适时地将重点放在非洲的粮食安全方面。非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面，并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。但要做到这一点，就要在多个方面采取积极措施。非洲过去也曾出现粮
39、食危机，曾出现过致命的疾病，在一些国家，由于能力和资源方面的限制，政府在治理上遇到过挑战。但非洲大陆很少象现在这样同时遭遇来自许多领域的挑战。目前，非洲面临着三重极其繁重的负担，即粮食安全问题、艾滋病病毒/艾滋病和政府日渐衰弱的治理和服务能力。如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方面的挑战，我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。非洲的粮食安全问题有着结构性的原因。多数非洲农民耕种的小片土地不能生产满足自家需要的产品。此外，农民们没有议价能力，也无法获得土地、资金和技术。这些进一步削弱了农民承受反复出现的干旱和不断蔓延的艾滋病疫情影响的能力。目前有 3000万非洲人感染艾滋病病毒，全球有 200
40、0多万人死于艾滋病，非洲大陆首当其冲。在非洲的一些地区，超过 40%的人口感染艾滋病病毒，还有同样数量的人正面临饥荒。艾滋病病毒/艾滋病对粮食生产的破坏性影响是再明显不过的，已有 700万非洲农民因此丧身。艾滋病在非洲妇女中的传染率在上升，最新数据表明妇女占非洲艾滋病感染者的 58%。由于艾滋病的影响，知识和技能无法代代相传，正在逐渐失传。不论是在家庭还是在政府层面，资源被用于医疗，而非粮食生产。而粮食短缺反过来又通过贫穷、不平等和营养不良等因素加剧疾病的蔓延。显然，如何打破这一恶性循环为政府治理提出了严峻的挑战。应对这一挑战需要强有力的制度、更高的技能和创新的政策。而具有讽刺意味的是，非洲政
41、府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽，而这种情况在这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。作为一个整体，非洲面临这一系列的问题盘根错节，要远比各个问题的简单总和更加难以对付。要解决我所提出的问题，非洲各国政府和国际社会应该采取一种综合性的新对策，摈弃短期方案，对我们的整个发展战略进行重新评估，换句话说，就是即使在处理短期性紧急状况时也要采取立足长远的措施。女士们，先生们，联合国大家庭已经携起手来，通过合作解决这些问题。我希望你们在各方面与我们及非洲各国政府共同努力，制定一系列必要的革命性方案，解决非洲致命的三重负担问题和打破非洲粮食危机的怪圈。我带着失望开始这篇演讲，请让我满怀希望结束它。是的，我
42、们面临着一系列前所未有的挑战。但你们能出席今天的会议，说明我们对于解决这一问题的必要性有着空前的一致。我们必须共同努力，为我们的成功做出政治决断。谢谢大家。)解析：综合解析本文是有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话，就非洲粮食问题的根源作了详细的说明，并请求获得国际社会的援助。本文要求应试者具有一定的社会背景知识，如国家政治及艾滋病方面的常识，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。基本素质采分点1United
43、Nations 联合国2food security 粮食安全3Green Revolution in Africa 非洲的绿色革命4HIV/AIDS 艾滋病病毒/艾滋病5HIV-positive 感染艾滋病病毒6infection rate 感染率结构理解采分点1The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring
44、 about a Green Revolution in Africa该句基本可按照原文顺序进行翻译，其中注意可将修饰性结构 more than ever before按照汉语习惯放在谓语短语 bring home to前面，该句还要求应试者正确理解 bring home to的含义。因此，原句可译为“非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面，并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。”2We cannot find viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we addr
45、ess the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time该句是主从复合句，unless 引导的状语从句位于句子后半部，按汉语可将次要成分前置的特点，可优先翻译该从句。因此，原句可译为“如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方面的挑战，我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。”3The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food productionwith seven million African farmers already deadis only too obvious该句为保持译文完整的逻辑性，
46、可将形式较为松散的修饰性成分 with短语后置。因此，原句可译为“艾滋病病毒/艾滋病对粮食生产的破坏性影响是再明显不过的，已有 700万非洲农民因此丧身。”4Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next本句译文可在正确理解短语 rather than(而不是)的基础上，将该短语翻译略去，以免译文过于生硬。因此，原句可译为“由于艾滋病的影响，知识和技能无法代代相传，正在逐渐失传。”5But in an irony so typ
47、ical of the age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease该句是简单句，句子主干部分是 Africas ability.is itself being stretched.，句子前半部分的typical of短语修饰 an irony，但为了整体译文内容相对紧凑，该部分可在翻译时，放在最后。因此，原句可译为“而具有讽刺意味的是，非洲政府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽，而这种情况在
48、这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。”言语表达采分点1bring home to sb 使充分认识2radical approach 积极的措施3come to terms with 达成协议；设法忍受4a triad of related burdens 三重负担5be compounded by 使更坏6bear the brunt of 首当其冲7die out 灭绝8be diverted from.to. 从转移到9interlocking 错综复杂的10work across the board with sb 与通力合作2.Passage 2下面你将听到的这段讲话，主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlem
