1、公共英语五级-41 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 5 by writing T (for True) or F (for False). You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. （分数：5.00）(1).Robots are like people for they can work, and they have
2、 feedback.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).“Feedback“ mentioned by the speaker refers to something used to feed the machine.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).The fact that a robot never gets bored doing the same job over and over again probably means that it can do any job better than people.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).If somethin
3、g gets in the way, the robot stops and attends to the fault.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).It can be inferred from the talk that robots will become more“ intelligent“ than people.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：2，分数：6.00)Questions 1 3 are based on the following talk; listen and choose the best answer. （分数：3.00）
4、1).Who is said to have built a mechanical lion to greet the king of France?（分数：1.00）A.Issac Asimov.B.A Swiss inventor.C.Leonardo da Vinci.D.Hero of Alexandria.(2).When did the word “robot“ first appeared?（分数：1.00）A.In the second Century B.CB.In the 19th Century.C.In the 16th Century.D.In the 20th C
5、entury.(3).What did Issac Asimov do in 1942?（分数：1.00）A.He wrote a theater manned by mechanical performers.B.He laid down three rules of robot morality.C.He constructed ingenious figures that played musical instrument.D.He built a mechanical lion to greet the King of France.Questions 4 6 are based on
6、 the following talk; listen and choose the best answer. （分数：3.00）(1).What can Meldog do according to the speaker?（分数：1.00）A.Guide the blind.B.Help Quadriplegics to work as computer operators.C.Shave patients.D.Replace human help.(2).Where can the robotic work-station be used?（分数：1.00）A.In hospitals.
7、B.At home.C.In offices.D.In factories.(3).Which of the following can deliver meals?（分数：1.00）A.Meldog.B.A robotic work-station.C.Roscoe.D.Blue.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)You will hear a talk. As you listen, you must answer Questions 1 5 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words. （分数：5.00）(1).What kind of tasks
8、 are robots good at?（分数：1.00）_(2).What limits the application of the robot?（分数：1.00）_(3).Under what circumstances can artificial intelligence machines work?（分数：1.00）_(4).What has the team led by Douglas been doing since 1984?（分数：1.00）_(5).What does the speaker think of the robot compared with humans
9、分数：1.00）_五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Fashions come and go quickly in technology. Five years ago artificial intelligence (AI) was supposed to be the computer industry“s next entrepreneurial pot of gold. Today many of the firms struggling to 1 in the young AI industry predict its imminent di
10、sappearance. They may 2 be right. The irony is that their technology has never been more popular. Artificial intelligence is the name given to computer techniques which make 3 think more like people. 4 techniques enable computers at Reuters to classify the news stories speeding 5 its wires so that,
11、say, a commodity dealer does not have to wade 6 a heap of stories about corporate finance to find the news that interests him most. AI techniques also help auditors monitor foreign-exchange risks 7 Manufacturers Hanover Bank. They plan production at Ford and Boeing. And they help maintenance workers
12、 at New York city“s electric utility distinguish false 8 from real power failures. Such successes are inspiring, but they have not made AI companies rich. That is because, 9 necessary, AI is only one, relative small element in the computer systems 10 to solve intricate business problems. Fuelled by
13、eager venture capitalists, the first generation 11 AI companies sprang from university labs in the mid-1980s. AI software companies are now trying to make 12 easier for every body to create blends of AI and conventional computing. AI technology will become another computer tool, so 13 used as to be
14、virtually indistinguishable 14 other types of software. Some of today“s AI companies will vanish because they have merged 15 the industry“s mainstream. Others will simply vanish.（分数：30.00）六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Automation refers to the introduction of electronic c
15、ontrol and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the “Second Industrial Revol
16、ution“. Labour“s concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment,
17、since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the be
18、nefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards. To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of
19、 these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefits plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in
20、jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor“, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity.
21、 It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.“Second Industrial Revolution“B.the era of automationC.labor and the effects of automationD.the fruits
22、 of automation(2).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.In the long run, automation will bring a lot of benefits to labors.B.Labors have been aware of the advantages of automation since the beginning.C.Automation is a trend which can not be stopped.D.Automation incr
23、eases the efficiency considerably, and reduces human factors in production.(3).The new policies adopted by unions to protect the interests of their members in the era of automation include the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.“improvement factor“B.the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefits pl
24、ansC.dismissal pay agreementsD.the reduction of mental and physical factors of human beings in production(4).What is the main idea of Para. 2?（分数：2.00）A.Labor is wondering what influences will be brought about by automation on them.B.In the long term, automation will increase employment rate.C.Labor
25、s hope that the transition to the era of automation can be brought about with least influence on their lives.D.The benefits of automation will be shared between employers and employees.(5).In order to enjoy the benefits of automation, labour will depend mainly on _.（分数：2.00）A.new policiesB.reforms m
26、ade by employersC.the improvement of the production efficiencyD.increased salary八、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Since the early 1990s, major cities all over the world have been turning to the old fashioned tram to solve the problem of gridlocked streets resulting from the last century“s love affair with the
27、 motor car. Electric trams have long been recognized as ideal non-polluting forms of urban transportation, but the latest trams, still in the experimental stage, will not even need driversthey will be steered by computers. 1 Another major problem was derailments; if a tram jumped the tracks, it was
28、a major operation to get it back on them. The revolutionary new trams, however, will be guided along “virtual tracks“ that will guide them around busy streets without a driver having to touch the wheel. 2 Phileas was constructed by Dutch company APTS. Anton Gos Klostermann, an engineer behind the Du
29、tch project, says that automatic steering systems such as these allow cities to implement tram-like schemes at a fraction of the cost. He says that trams increase the efficiency of public transport dramatically because they require less road space than motor buses and are highly reliable. “Phileas h
30、as all the benefits of light rail, but is much cheaper and safer,“ he says. “We see it as a completely different type of transportation.“ 3 The system looks 100 feet ahead of the tram to plot its course. According to creators, the system works reliably even if two-thirds of the line is obscured dirt
31、 on the road. 4 The second advantage is that guided, pollution-free vehicles such as these trams can operate quite successfully in a pedestrian environment, and so the new trams can extend their services into places cars and buses are banned, such as shopping malls. 5 Despite reassurances, not every
32、one is comfortable with the idea of automatic steering systems, however. “We“re not convinced about safety,“ says Mark Reddie, principal planner for the Phoenix Public Transit Department, which is also considering buying the new trams. “They haven“t mass-produced them yet and we don“t know how relia
33、ble they will be.“ A. Another driver-free tram-type vehicle is preparing to make its debut in Britain. Known as the Omni, the tram uses cameras mounted at the front edge of the roof to track a line painted on the road. The cameras then transmit the information to the on-board computer system, which
34、is located where the driver would normally sit. B. The drawback to the traditional trams was that they were guided along steel tracks. This meant that, besides being noisy, they couldn“t go round an obstruction. So if a motor vehicle or other object stalled while crossing a tram track, all transport
35、ation along that line was held up until the obstacle was removed. C. Manufacturers of both systems say they are aware of possible public concern over computerized drivers. Neither system is entirely autonomous, as there will be on board a human driver to regulate the vehicle“s speed and take over st
36、eering should the on-board system malfunction. This is in line with the local regulations of most cities. D. There are two different technologies employed to enable computers to guide the trams. One, developed by researchers at the Eindhoven Institute of Technology, Holland, is the Phileas vehicle,
37、which has an on-board computer guidance system pre-programmed with the tram route. Magnets embedded in the road“s surface are detected by sensors under the tram to ensure that it is on the right track. If it is even two centimeters out, the on-board computer will make an adjustment to the tram“s ste
38、ering. E. Cars of 1978 will travel the nation“s highways in never-before-dream-of safety, comfort, and convenience. These cars will float along never touching the ground and therefore will have no need for wheels. F. The Omni is a double-decker, like the traditional British trams and buses. It has t
39、wo advantages over motorized transport. One is that it has step-free entrance only 350ram above road level. So, just by building up kerbs slightly at every tram stop, the vehicle becomes fully accessible for passengers in wheelchairs and for those with difficulty climbing steps. This speeds up the p
40、rocesses of alighting for all passengers. There is, in fact, a special section for users at the back of the tram.（分数：10.00）九、Part C(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A=Honda Mowers B=Yard-Man Mowers C=Electric Mowers Which mowers. leave very few clippings behind when bagging? 1 are cheaper? 2 are easy to maneuver? 3 a
41、re friendlier to the environment? 4 were recommended by Maggie Oster? 5 occupied two of the top four ranked positions? 6 purchase their parts from different companies? 7 need rechargeable battery? 8 are said to have superior engines? 9 are cheap to maintain and operate? 10 Is there any logical reaso
42、n for buying a Honda instead of a Yard-Man? After analyzing the experts“ advice on buying a lawn mower, and reviewing the reviews, that“s the question we were left with. Nine reviews we found recommend models in the Honda Harmony series ($650 to $800), and if money is no object, any of these self-pr
43、opelled mowers would be an excellent choice. However, other reviewers say that the Yard-Man self-propelled machines, which cost about half as much ($400), are able to cut, bag, mulch and discharge cuttings just as well as the Hondas. Experts say the Honda Harmony mowers are sturdy, rear-bagging mode
44、ls that consistently deliver an even cut. These are reported to leave very few clippings behind when bagging, and they distribute clippings evenly when mulching. They“re also easy to maneuver. In a major comparative review, Harmony mowers occupied two of the top four ranked positions. The Yard-Man s
45、elf-propelled models, however, are cheaper, and they too deliver a consistent cut. Some credible reviewers say these machines bag, mulch and discharge cuttings just as well as the Hondas. In side-by-side testing, the Yard-Man 12A-979L ($400) performed almost as well as mowers costing twice as much,
46、and the 12A-559K and 12A-999L ($400) appeared as top picks in other reviews. To get some perspective on these competing products, we compared the two mower families at MSN. com“s Eshop and other comparison shopping sites, and saw no major differences between them. We pitted the top-rated Honda HRB2I
47、SK3SXA ($800) against the Yard-Man 12A-559K ($350), which was recommended by Maggie Oster in a National Gardening Association article. The results showed that the Honda outweighs the Yard-Man in only one aspectnumber of speed settings. The Honda has three speeds while the Yard-Man has only one. Anot
48、her Yard-Man, the 12A-999L, which was covered favorably by both Oster and Consumer Guide, has twice as many speed settings as the Honda, yet costs half as much. Some of the Yard-Man machines have the edge in other aspects, too. Our comparisons showed that the 12A-999L has a more powerful engine, allows for more levels of adjustability, and has higher rear wheels, which make it easier to maneuver in tall gr
