1、公共英语五级-147 及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).Employees today work shorter hours but take longer vacation than in 1979.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).A management consultant made a list of a bankers everyday activity to see if he has become lazier at work
2、分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).The more time a person spends at work, the more he or she accomplishes.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).The negative point of the connection between time and productivity showed that anyones working efficiency could decrease after a certain point.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).Many employers evaluat
3、e their employees job performance only.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).Some people prefer to work more than 40 hours a week so as to let their superiors see their long-time hard work.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).A group of black hunters expressed their viewpoints on peoples working situation today.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8)
4、The two candidates for an executive position had similar qualifications.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).The candidate who usually worked longer hours at work for the same job would get the applied position.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).Nearly all people prefer to spend extra time at work so as to get more money.（分数：1
5、00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following talk on worlds population booming. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 to 13.（分数：3.00）(1).Where is population growth happening?A. In all countries in the world.B. In only a few countries.C. In most countries.D
6、 Mainly in developed countries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is true according to the talk?A. There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.B. The worlds birth rate is higher than years ago.C. Families are as large as before.D. Birth control has been carried out well
7、 all over the world.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why may it happen in the future that people working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes?A. Because more and more children will be given birth.B. Because they will earn more money.C. Because they will have higher living standards.D. Because the number
8、 of retired people will become even larger.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 14 to 16 are based on a talk about campus life. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 to 16.（分数：3.00）(1).Who is the man?A. Student advisor. B. Course teacher.C. Admissions officer. D. Department secretary.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(
9、2).Which subject does the student say she was good at?A. Computer programming. B. Art and design.C. Electronics. D. Mathematics.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What will she most likely do eventually?A. Do basic electronics. B. Teach English literature.C. Produce educational games. D. Write computer programs.（
10、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following monologue about American Blacks. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 to 20.（分数：4.00）(1).The result of the boycott organized by Dr. King was that _.A. the bus company almost went broken.B. blacks refused to sit at the back of the
11、public vehicles.C. many shops had no customers.D. the economic situation suddenly became very bad in the country.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The United States Supreme Court made a decision and so the bus company _.A. hired many blacks to drivers.B. allowed blacks to sit wherever they wanted to on the bus.C
12、 reduced bus fare.D. allowed blacks to sit only at the back of the bus.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Did the nonviolent method win. over some sympathizers?A. No, because people did not believe this method would work.B. Yes, many whites took part in the boycott in 1955.C. Yes, people all over the world parti
13、cipated in the civil rights march in Washington, D. C.D. Yes, some whites joined blacks in demonstrations.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The protests called to the attention of Americans that _.A. the white and the black have been treated unfairly.B. the white and the black should be treated differently.C. th
14、e white and the black should not be treated differently.D. the white and the black have been treated the same.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).According to the passage, what Were parents usually expected to provide for their children?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What did parents of all classes us
15、ually demand from their children?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What would children be expected to hand over to their parents at the age of 13 or 14?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What qualities did parents encourage their children to have?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What could parents benefit from Sunday school especially on Su
16、nday afternoons?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).How was the relationship between a parent and a sick child?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).What could parents do to a child who was very ill?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).What do parents who are thought to be reserved and unapproachable refuse to do to their children?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9
17、).What did many children remember being given by their parents only once?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).What did Mrs. Hailsells father use to hit her when she came home late one evening?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)“How are you keeping?“ “Look (31) yourself. “ “Good Health. “ “Heres you
18、r health. “ “Health, wealth and happiness. “ “If youre healthy, youre (32) . “Its amazing how many greetings, wishes and general expressions turn on health. Health is something healthy people hardly ever think about (33) theyre (34) . When that happens they think about little else. Then their visits
19、 to the doctor, the hospital; if theyre really unwell, medicines, pills, bottles, ointments, injections, having their temperature taken, and the worry (35) expense. Well, (36) least in Britain the last part isnt too bad under the National Health Service. This is a Government-enforced scheme whereby
20、everyone pays in a small percentage of their earnings each week (37) month, and is then entitled to free medical treatment when they are ill. This doesnt include medicines, which have to be paid (38) , but at a considerably reduced rate.Everybody (39) Britain is advised (40) have a local doctor. Whe
21、n a person moves (41) a district, one of the first things they do is to find a (42) doctor and get on his list or panel. There (43) lists of NHS doctors in the local post offices and everybody has a (44) card. Most British (45) are already registered with a doctor and moving into a new district enta
22、ils no more than finding a new doctor and transferring (46) his panel.The National Health doctor will treat, and prescribe for, the more usual illnesses. Any cases that are beyond the scope of the local surgery he will (47) to the nearest hospital. Again, in hospital, the (48) is free. The only draw
23、back is that a great many people are in, or attending, hospital (49) that most would-be patients have to go on a waiting list before they can (50) hospital treatment.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1
24、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat
25、our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays - not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it. It see
26、ms that only when the government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental
27、health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Ye
28、s, the ecologist, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.We
29、must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearl
30、y to prevent media distortion and public confusion.I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health.
31、 Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on preve
32、ntion rather than on bandages.（分数：5.00）(1).We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because _.A. they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doingB. they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interestsC. time has
33、not yet come for them to put due emphasis on itD. it is difficult for them to take effective measures（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is _.A. to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasionB. to arouse publ
34、ic awareness of the importance of environmental protectionC. to take radical measures to control environmental pollutionD. to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “tunnel-visioned“(Para 3, Line 2) most probably means _.A. narrow-minded B. blin
35、d to the factsC. short-sighted D. able to see only one aspect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems?A. Legislation and government intervention.B. The industrys understanding and support.C. The effor
36、ts of environmental health professionals.D. The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph?A. Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures.B. More mon
37、ey should be spent in order to stop pollution.C. Ordinary citizens have no access to technical information on pollution.D. Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the econom
38、y, but there is a third major element to consider the role of government. Government has a powerful effect on the economy in at least four ways:Direct Services. The postal system, for example, is a federal system serving the entire nation, as is the large and complex military establishment. Converse
39、ly, the construction and maintenance of most highways is the responsibility of the individual states, and the public educational systems, despite a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily paid for by county or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation services a
40、re also the responsibilities of local government.Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private enterprise in many ways, for the purpose of assuring that business serves the best interests of the people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is g
41、ranted a monopoly, such as in telephone or electric service, or in other areas where there is limited competition, as with railroads or airlines. Public policy permits such companies to make a reasonable profit, but limits their ability to raise prices unfairly (as defined by the regulators), since
42、the public depends on their services. Often control is exercised to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug Administration bans harmful drugs, or requires standards of quality in food. In other industries, government sets guidelines to ensure fair competition without using direct
43、control.Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government, including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board, attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust, of inflation and depression, by adjusting tax rates (including regulations pertaining to depreciation), the money supply, and
44、 the use of credit. They can also affect the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself.Direct Assistance. The government provides many kinds of help to businesses and individuals. For example, tariffs permit certain products to remain relatively free of foreig
45、n competition; imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to compete better with certain foreign goods. Government also provides aid to farmers by subsidizing prices they receive for their crops. In quite a different area, government supports individuals who cannot adequately car
46、e for themselves, by making grants to working parents with dependent children, by providing medical care for the aged and the indigent, and through social insurance programs to help the unemployed and retirees. Government also supplies relief for the poor and help for the disabled.（分数：5.00）(1).Which
47、 of the following services is not offered by the federal government?A. Postal system.B. Military establishment.C. Funding the public educational systems.D. Police and fire protection service.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The government regulate private enterprises for the main purpose of _.A. promoting the g
48、rowth of the national economyB. assuring the business serves the best interests of the peopleC. eliminating unfair competitionsD. fighting against the competitions from foreign countries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).If the US government raises its tariffs, then _.A. the American products may get an upper hand in competing with certa
