1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 28及答案解析(总分：-16.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)Most people would be impressed by the high quality of medicine available to most Americans. There is 1 , a great deal of attention to the individual, a vast amount of 2 , and inten
2、se effort not to make mistakes because of the 3 which doctors and hospitals must face in the courts if they 4 . But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in which health care is 5 . Contrary to public belief, it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined
3、6 , because private care was simply not looking after 7 . But even with this huge public part of the system, which this year will eat up 8 more than 10 per cent of the U. S. Budget 9 are left out. These include about half the 10 unemployed and those who fail to meet 11 on income fixed by a governmen
4、t trying to 12 where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no 13 over the health system. There is no confinement to what doctors and hospitals 14 , other than what the public is able to pay. 15 has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a 16 , all
5、 the unfortunate person concerned can do is pay up. Two-thirds of the population are 17 . Doctors charge as much as they want, knowing that the insurance company will pay the bill. 18 in the U. S. A. is among the most worrying problems. In 2004 19 climbed 15.9 per centabout twice 20 . （分数：-1.00）三、Pa
6、rt B Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.She finished university in Finland.B.She was a journalist.C.She came to Finland to work during her vacation.D.She has heard Finland a very beautiful country.A.Because it“s too far away from America.B.Because it“s real
7、ly cold there.C.Because they haven“t realized the beauty of Finland.D.Because they don“t like to travel abroad.A.egocentricB.genuineC.outward-lookingD.bluntA.Finns and Canadians are both not concerned with the life outside their continent.B.The two countries have some similar physical appearance.C.T
8、he two countries are both very cold and have a lot of show in the winter.D.Finns and Canadians both have very good manners.A.saunaB.water sportsC.rolling in the snowD.long winter五、Questions 6 to 10 ar(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.Its seven crew members were killed in February 2003.B.It successfully la
9、nded at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.C.It changed the landing site to the Edwards Air Force Base in California.D.Its crew members managed to repair the International Space Station into normal functioning.A.The sea level in Antarctica rose significantly.B.The ice-shelves in Antarctica remained
10、 relatively intact.C.The mission of an international team of researchers in Antarctica failed.D.A large ice-shelf in Antarctica collapsed.A.400,000 dollarsB.4 million dollarsC.4 billion dollarsD.40 billions dollarsA.Fewer people are reading at least one book a year in China.B.Internet access is more
11、 easily available to young people in China,C.More people in China have the awareness of copyright.D.Young people are addicted to Internet.A.President Lula won an outfight victory in the first round.B.President Lula failed to win an outfight victory in the first round by a narrow margin.C.President L
12、ula refused to get more personally involved in the election.D.President Lula was beaten by his opponents in the televised debates.六、Questions 11 to 15 a(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.It is a nothing but a superstitious system of arranging your furniture.B.It“s a System of arranging all the objects arou
13、nd you so as to be in harmony and balance with nature.C.It mainly aims to keep out evil spirits.D.It originated from China and is a way of balancing your work with your life.A.He is the first real estate developer believing in feng shui.B.He would not start working on a building project without a fe
14、ng shui master.C.He would consult seismologist whenever he starts a new project.D.He has made great efforts in applying the principles of feng shui to the real estate industry.A.Because she cannot catch the view outside the window.B.Because this will bring difficulty to furniture arrangements.C.Beca
15、use she will be constantly caught off guard by those coming into her office.D.Because this is opposed by a great feng shui master.A.ExcitingB.UndoubtingC.RidiculousD.SuspiciousA.When our mood turns peppier.B.When we feel there“s a good flow of ch“i.C.When there“s good and bright lighting.D.When ther
16、e“s mirror to reflct the ch“i.七、Questions 16 to 20 a(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.A majority of the companies admit their monitoring of the employees.B.A minority of the companies acknowledge methods to monitor their employees.C.A majority of the companies monitor their employees secretly.D.Two-thirds
17、 of the companies refuse to reveal their answers to the surveys.A.It is proved to be efficient in helping employers make decisions.B.All companies in U. S. are monitoring their employees at work.C.It is undoubtedly helpful to reward those who are helpful.D.The practice can be run cheaply and efficie
18、ntly by the employers.A.It“s against the law and violate basic human rights.B.It“s used for no good use.C.It can be used if only given prior notice to employees.D.It runs against its original purpose.A.Government can break into one“s home without proper permission if necessary.B.Federal Constitution
19、 forbids surveillance in areas such as locker rooms or the employee lounge.C.Employers are forbidden to wiretap personal phone conversations in the working hours.D.Employers are forbidden to wiretap business calls.A.Deterring theftB.Protecting employees“ privacyC.Getting information about employeesD
20、.Collecting information about equipment use八、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：0，分数：0.00)IN 1871 America added about 6,000 miles of track to its railways, an endeavor that occupied a tenth of its industrial labour force. But by 1875 track-building had fallen by more than two-thirds, and employed less than 3
21、% of America“s workers. According to Brad DeLong, an economic historian at the University of California, Berkeley, the violent ups and downs of the railway industry help to explain the popularity, before the Great Depression and John Maynard Keynes, of a fatalistic view of the business cycle. Recess
22、ions, however unpleasant, were cathartic, and therefore necessary. They released capital and labour from profitless activities (such as laying the year“s 6,000th mile of track) as an essential prelude to redeploying them elsewhere. “Depressions are not simply evils, which we might attempt to suppres
23、s,“ wrote Joseph Schumpeter. They represent “something which has to be done“. In Schumpeter“s day, this fatalism was shared by many at America“s Federal Reserve. But today“s Fed acts quickly to suppress recessions, which it recognises are mostly due to a lack of demand, not an excess of track. For t
24、he Fed, recessions are good for one thing, and one thing only: curbing inflation. Unfortunately, this task is now an urgent one. According to figures released this week, core consumer prices rose by 2.7% in the year to Julytoo fast for comfort. In theory, curbing this inflation could be painless. If
25、 the Fed“s commitment to price stability is credible, and if people look forward, not backward, when settling their wages and setting their prices, they will respond to the Fed“s promises. Unfortunately, in practice, inflation suffers from strong inertia. Hence cutting it typically requires a slowin
26、g of the economy as well as a lowering of inflationary expectations. Like pagans sharpening their knives, economists debate the size of this “sacrifice ratio“: the number of people who must lose their jobs to appease the gods of price stability. Some models, including one of many that guide the Fed“
27、s deliberations, put this ratio as high as 4.25, which means that unemployment must rise by one percentage point (or 1.5m people) for 4.25 years to reduce inflation by one percentage point. But other, less bloodthirsty economists suggest the ratio is more like 2 or 2.5. Ratios like these mean that f
28、or the first time in years America“s domestic economists, who track their country“s inflation and unemployment, are as worded about the future as its international economists, who fixate on the country“s external imbalances. The internationalists have long feared that a recession might lie ahead sho
29、uld foreigners abruptly abandon the dollar. The prospect of a more conventional downturnengineered not by foreign central banks, but by America“s ownsuggests the cart and horse belong in a different order. A recession might bring about a reversal of the current-account deficit, rather than the other
30、 way around. Recessions were, after all, part and parcel of Portugal“s current-account reversal, which began in 1982, Britain“s from 1989 and Spain“s from 1991. In reality, however, America“s deficit is unlikely to close without its industrial structure changing substantially. Only about a quarter o
31、f what it now produces can be sold across borders. Andrew Tilton of Goldman Sachs has calculated that to boost exports and narrow its deficit to 2.5% of GDP by 2010, America would need to increase its manufacturing capacity by about 17%. But until this year, it was housing, a non-traded good par exc
32、ellence, which has attracted extra labour and capital. In 2005 the share of construction workers in payroll employment was the highest in 50 years, and residential investment accounted for the biggest chunk of GDP since 1951. Schumpeter, no doubt, would call this “maladjustment“. Might a recession d
33、o for housing what it did for late-19th-century railways? The last downturn was accompanied by substantial restructuring, according to a widely cited paper by Erica Groshen and Simon Potter of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Workers who lost their jobs in the 2001 recession did not return to t
34、he same industry during the recovery. Instead, those who did not leave the labour force altogether slowly migrated to new industries. Companies, the authors wrote, saw the recession “not as an event to be weathered but as an opportunityor even a mandateto reorganise production permanently, close les
35、s efficient facilities and cull stuff“. Schumpeter could not have put it better himself. Recession is not inevitable. But if a 2007 slowdown curbs inflation, narrows the trade deficit and clears space for an American manufacturing revival it will prove a surprisingly fruitful period of dearth.（分数：-1
36、.00）(1).Why did the author mention railway construction at the beginning of the passage?（分数：-0.20）A.to serve as a background of the passage.B.to illustrate the wild ups and downs of the railway industryC.to introduce the fatalistic view that recession, however unpleasant, is necessary.D.to display t
37、he relationship between industrial development and employment rate.(2).Which of the following is NOT true about inflation?（分数：-0.20）A.Curbing inflation is an imperative task in America.B.Easing Inflation is painless theoretically but difficult in practice.C.Inflation can be reduced at the cost of ri
38、se of employment rate.D.American people are willing to make great sacrifice to get the price stabilized.(3).Which of the following best explain the sentence “Cart and horse belong in a different order.“ in Paragraph 6?（分数：-0.20）A.A malfunction will soon occur in the carriage of American economy.B.It
39、 is recession that might help narrow current-account deficit, not the other way around.C.A recession will be planned not by foreign central banks, but by America“s own.D.Inflation will bring about a reversal of unemployment.(4).Why did the author say “Schumpeter, no doubt, would call this maladjustm
40、ent.“?（分数：-0.20）A.Housing, instead of manufacturing industry, attracted extra labour and capital.B.The rise of manufacturing capacity failed to bring about the narrowing of deficit.C.The wages of construction workers were the highest in 50 years.D.Housing investment accounted for the biggest part of
41、 GDP.(5).Which of the following does NOT support the statement “Recession is not an event to be weathered but an opportunity.“ in Paragraph 8?（分数：-0.20）A.Recession brings about a reasonable utilization Of capital and labor.B.Recession is a good opportunity to keep inflation down.C.Recession helps cu
42、t trade deficit.D.Recession help facilitate the regulation of such industries as housing and railway.Despite questions of the motivation behind them, the attacks by the President and the Vice President on the moral content of television entertainment have found an echo in the chambers of the America
43、n soul. Many who reject the messengers still accept the message. They do not like the moral tone of American TV. Every good story will not only captivate its viewers but also give them some insight into what it means to be a human being. By so doing, it can help them grow into the deeply centered, s
44、overeignly free, joyously loving human beings. Meaning, freedom and lovethe supreme human values. And this is the kind of human enrichment the American viewing public has a right to expect from those who make its entertainment. It is not a question of entertainment or enrichment. These are complemen
45、tary concerns and presuppose each other. The story that entertains without enriching is superficial and escapist. The story that enriches without entertaining is simply dull. The story that does both is a delight. Is that what the American viewing public is getting? Perhaps 10% of prime-time network
46、 programming is a happy combination of entertainment and enrichment. I think immediately of dramas like I“ll Fly Away and Life Goes On or comedies like Brooklyn Bridge and The Wonder Years. There used to be television movies rich in human values, but they have now become an endangered species. Sleaz
47、e and mayhem. Murder off the front page. The woman in jeopardy. Is there too much sex on American TV? Not necessarily. Sex is a beautiful, even holy, part of human life, a unique way for husband and wife to express their love. No doubt there is too much dishonest sex on TV. How often do we see the a
48、ching emptiness, the joyless despair that so often follows sex without commitment? And certainly there is too much violence. It desensitizes its viewers to the horrors of actual violence and implies that it is an effective way to resolve conflict. I seldom see the dehumanization that violence produc
49、es, not only in its victims, but also in its perpetrators. And I never see the nonviolent alternativethe way of dialogue and loveexplored. Think about Gandhi and Martin Luther King. But in reality, I find television too much concerned with what people have and too little concerned with who they are, very concerned with taking care of No. 1 and not at all concerned with sharing themselves with other people. All too often it tells us the half truth we want to hear rather than the whole truth we need to hear. Why is television not more fully realizing its humanizing potential? Is the c
