1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 56 及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：30.00)In the ruins of the Palm Beach Hotel you get a powerful sense that an era is drawing to a close that Israel“s attempt to settle its people on the Gaza Strip is in its last days. 1
2、 the fine sand in front of the beach hotel. But since the Palestinians launched their uprising against Israel the intifada 2 , Gaza has become a violent, dangerous place. People don“t come on holiday anymore. The Palm Beach resort complex was abandoned 3 The reception area and the dining room have b
3、een stripped of their fixtures and fittings. The wind off the sea blows in across floors 4 . A similar fate awaits everything that Israel has built hereif 5 in August, as planned. Some young settlers have been squatting in the hotel as it“s decayed around them. For Elazaar Elchiam, life is good. He
4、lives for nothing in 6 The Mediterranean waves are just meters away, and Elazaar has a passion for surfing. 7 in one of the nearby settlements where red-roofed bungalows surrounded by lawns bake in the summer sun. Elazaar dreads the thought that this may well be his 8 The settlers say Israel is maki
5、ng a mistake. That it“s handing victory to the Palestinian militants who have been attacking Gush Katif for years. 9 the possibility that the settler“s homes will be treated as the spoils of victory by groups 10 To prevent that, it“s possible that the army will demolish everything in the days before
6、 the Israelis leave. Debbie Rosen, a mother 11 in Gush Katif, said she hates the thought of her home being destroyed. But at the same time she couldn“t bear the idea of what she called “ 12 “ taking over the house as they celebrate Israel“s retreat. Since the Israeli army captured Gaza 13 in the Six
7、 Day Warit“s been occupied territory. When it moved civilian settlers into the Strip it was breaching the Geneva Conventions 14 . This means nothing to settlers like Debbie Rosen. She said she never thought of her home as being 15 . For her, Gaza is part of the land that God promised the Jews. The o
8、ccupation may mean nothing to the settlers of Gush Katifbut it means everything 16 , in the Palestinian town of Khan Younis. For decades, for Palestinian families, the occupation 17 and limits and humiliations in many areas of lifeand it“s hated. Along the western side of Khan Younis Israeli troops
9、man watchtowers that are part of 18 And the area has seen many clashes between the army and Palestinian militants. They frequently 19 on the settler communities that they see as being so symbolic of the Israeli presence. The beach used to be an escape from the heat and 20 of Khan Younis. But to keep
10、 the militants out of the settlement zone, the army has blocked the Palestinian road to the sea. Khan Younis has lost its beach. （分数：30.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.She felt bored.B.She felt lonely.C.She cherished them.
11、D.The subject was easy.A.Doing surveys at workplace.B.Analyzing survey results.C.Designing questionnaires.D.Taking a psychology course.A.The nature of work.B.Office decoration.C.Office location.D.Work procedures.A.She felt unhappy inside the company.B.She felt work there too demanding.C.She was deni
12、ed promotion in the company.D.She longed for new opportunities.A.She was willing and ready.B.She sounded mildly eager.C.She was a bit surprised.D.She sounded very reluctant.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news. （分数：5.00）A.Algeria and Libya.B.Saudi Arabia.C.Venezuela and Algeria.D.Venezu
13、ela.A.To go on providing humanitarian aid.B.To increase the food supply.C.To revise the oil-for-food programme.D.To lift the embargo on his country.A.To cut down on the US military presence in Europe.B.To increase the European Union“s military influence.C.To make combined efforts to sustain its econ
14、omic growth.D.To take concrete actions to stop arms race.A.Sex discrimination in the US troops is far less obvious than in other fields of American life.B.Race relations have considerably improved in the US military.C.There are more black or Hispanic officers in the armed services than before.D.Many
15、 minority military personnel complained about negative race relations.A.4.4%.B.11.2%.C.14.4%.D.44%.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview. （分数：5.00）A.English language proficiency.B.Different cultural practices.C.Different negotiation tasks.D.The international Americanized style.A.Su
16、pportive.B.Negative.C.Ambiguous.D.Cautious.A.Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B.Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.C.Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D.Brazilians seek more background information.A.The British.B.Germans.C.Americans.D.Not men
17、tioned.A.Reserved.B.Prejudiced.C.Polite.D.Prudent.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.By the lack of a generally balanced diet.B.Through the exhaust fumes of cars.C.By eating seafood contaminated by lead.D.By lead water pipes.A.The toys cost a large sum of foreign currency
18、.B.The paint on the toys was found to contain lead which caused great damage to a baby or young child.C.The blazing color of the toys was not suitable for a baby or young child.D.The toys made the young children distracted from their studies.A.Get angry more easily and even more violent.B.Be inactiv
19、e and lack energy.C.Have difficulty focusing on anything for long in spite of the relatively high IQ.D.Tend to daydream much more than other children.A.About“30 years ago.B.In 1977.C.In the 1990s.D.Only in the past three years.A.Don“t use any product containing lead.B.Move out of the urban areas to
20、the countryside.C.Eat less fish, crabs, prawns and vegetables.D.Get sufficient calcium from a generally balanced diet.四、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：4，分数：50.00)Questions 15 Richard, King of England from 1189 to 1199, with all his characteristic virtues and faults cast in a heroic mould, is one of the mo
21、st fascinating medieval figures. He has been described as the creature and embodiment of the age of chivalry, In those days the lion was much admired in heraldry, and more than one king sought to link himself with its repute. When Richard“s contemporaries called him “Coeur de Lion“(The Lion Heart),
22、they paid a lasting compliment to the king of beasts. Little did the English people owe him for his services, and heavily did they pay for his adventures. He was in England only twice for a few short months in his ten years“ reign; yet his memory has always English hearts, and seems to present throu
23、ghout the centuries the pattern of the fighting man. In all deeds of prowess as well as in large schemes of war Richard shone. He was tall and delicately shaped strong in nerve and sinew, and most dexterous in arms. He rejoiced in personal combat, and regarded his opponents without malice as necessa
24、ry agents in his fame. He loved war, not so much for the sake of glory or political ends, but as other men love science or poetry, for the excitement of the struggle and the glow of victory. By this his whole temperament was toned, and united with the highest qualities of the military commander. Lov
25、e of war called forth all the powers of his mind and body. Although a man of blood and violence, Richard was too impetuous to be either treacherous on habitually cruel. He was as ready to forgive as he was hasty to offend; he was open-handed and munificent to profusion; in war circumspect in design
26、and skilful in execution; in political a child, lacking in subtlety and experience. His political alliances were formed upon his likes and dislikes; his political schemes had neither unity nor clearness of purpose. The advantages gained for him by military geoids were flung away through diplomatic i
27、neptitude. When, on the journey to the East, Messina in Sicily was won by his arms he was easily persuaded to share with his polished, faithless ally, Philip Augustus, fruits of a victory which more wisely used might have foiled the French King“s artful schemes. The rich and tenable acquisition of C
28、yprus was cast away even more easily than it was won. His life was one magnificent parade, which, when ended, left only an empty plain. In 1199, when the difficulties of raising revenue for the endless war were at their height, good news was brought to King Richard. It was said there had been dug up
29、 near the castle of Chaluz, on the lands of one of his French vassals, a treasure of wonderful quality; a group of golden images of an emperor, his wife, sons and daughters, seated round a table, also of gold, had been unearthed. The King claimed this treasure as lord paramount. The lord of Chaluz r
30、esisted the demand, and the King laid siege to his small, weak castle. On the third day, as he rode daringly, near the wall. Confident in his hard-tried luck, a bolt from a crossbow struck him in the left shoulder by the neck. The wound, already deep, was aggravated by the necessary cutting out of t
31、he arrow-head. Gangrene set in, and Coeur de Lion knew that he must pay a soldier“ s debt. He prepared for death with fortitude and calm, and in accordance with the principles he had followed. He arranged his affairs; he divided his personal belongings among his friends or bequeathed them to charity
32、. He declared John to be his heir, and made all present swear fealty to him. He ordered the archer who had shot the fatal bolt, and who was now a prisoner, to be brought before him. He pardoned him, and made him a gift of money. For seven years he had not confessed for fear of being compelled to be
33、reconciled to Philip, but now he received the offices of the Church with sincere and exemplary piety, and died in the forty-second year of his age on April 6, 1199, worthy, by the consent of all men, to sit with King Arthur and Roland and other heroes of martial romance at some Eternal round Table,
34、which we trust the Creator of the Universe in his comprehension will not have forgotten to provide. The archer was flayed alive.（分数：12.50）(1).“Little did the English people owe him for his service“ (para.1) means that the English people _.（分数：2.50）A.paid few taxes to himB.gave him little respectC.re
35、ceived little protection from himD.had no real cause to feel grateful to him(2).To say that his wife was a “magnificent parade“ (para.2) implies that it was to some extent _.（分数：2.50）A.spent chiefly at warB.impressive and admirableC.lived too pompouslyD.an empty show(3).Richard“s behavior as death a
36、pproached showed _.（分数：2.50）A.bravery and self-controlB.wisdom and correctnessC.devotion and romanceD.chivalry and charity(4).The point of the last short paragraph is that Richard was _.（分数：2.50）A.cheated by his own successorsB.determined to take revenge on his enemiesC.more generous to his enemies
37、than his successorsD.unable to influence the behavior of his successors(5).Which of the following phrase best describes Richard as seen by the author?（分数：2.50）A.An aggressive king, too fond of war.B.A brave king with minor faults.C.A competent but cunning soldier.D.A kind with great political skills
38、.Questions 610 There has been much hullabaloo about corporate accounting scams in America, yet perhaps the biggest accounting oversight of all time remains hidden in governments“ own national figures. GDP per head is the most commonly used measure of a country“s success, yet it is badly flawed as a
39、guide to a nation“s economic well-being. A new study in the OECD“s 2006 “Going for Growth“ report considers some alternatives. Economists spend much time discussing how to boost GDP growth. The OECD itself drew attention this week to the widening gap between American“ s and Europe“s GDP per head. Ye
40、t a nation“s well-being depends on many factors ignored by GDP, such as leisure time, income inequality and the quality of the environment. GDP was developed primarily as a planning tool to guide the huge production effort of the Second World War. It was never intended to be the definite yardstick o
41、f economic welfare. Would another indicator change the ranking of countries or their relative performance over time? GDP is not even the best gauge of the monetary aspects of living standards. It measures the value of goods and services produced by the residents of a country. But some of the income
42、of earned in Britain, say, is paid to non-residents, while residents receive income from abroad. Adding net income from abroad to GDP gives us gross national income (GNI, also known as gross national product), which is more relevant for the prosperity of a nation. Most countries“ rank by GNI pre hea
43、d is similar to that by GDP. One exception is Ireland: its GDP per head is one of the highest in the OECD, but because of large net outflows of investment income, its GNI per head is merely around the OECD average. Its average GNI growth rate over the past decade has also been about one percentage p
44、oint less than on a GDP basis. Another flaw is that GDP makes no allowance for the depreciation of the capital stock. Subtracting this from GNI leaves net national income (NNI), which is probably the best national account measure of welfare. Awkwardly, the numbers are harder to come by, making it di
45、fficult to compare across countries and over time. But even NNI is an imperfect measure of people“s welfare: it excludes the value of such important things as leisure, inequality and the environment. GDP should ideally be reduced to take account of pollution and the using-up of non-renewable resourc
46、es, but no standard accounts that can do this are yet available. On the other hand, the OECD has made a brave attempt to adjust GDP for the distribution of income. To most observers, a country where a few families enjoy huge wealth but most live in abject poverty would have a lower level of well-bei
47、ng than one with the same GDP but less poverty. A dollar of income is, in effect, worth more in the hands of the poor, though just how much more depends on attitudes towards inequality, the gap between American and most other rich countries, which have a more equal distribution of income, should be
48、greatly reduced. By this measure, adjusted income per head is higher in France than in America. Inequality has also risen in recent years in most countries. Assuming again a strong aversion to equality, average adjusted income per head grew by only 0.6% a year in OECD countries between 1985 and 2002
49、, against 1.4% for GDP per head. But such estimates are sensitive to big value judgments. If, instead, people care little about inequality, then the adjustment will be much smaller. Longer holidays and shorter working hours increasing an individual“s well-being, yet conventional national accounts completely overlook such benefits. America is one of the world“s richest countries, yet its workers toil longer hours than those elsewhere. As a result, adjusting GDP for leisure also narrows the gap between America and Europe. So far, neither the adjustment for inequalit
