1、托福-36 (1)及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSPEAKING/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Listen for a question about a familiar topic.（分数：20.00）_三、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_四、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Read a short passage and listen to a
2、talk on the same topic.Now listen to a student who is speaking at the meeting. She is expressing her opinion about the policy for international students.（分数：20.00）_五、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_六、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Now listen to a short convers
3、ation between a student and her friend.（分数：20.00）_七、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.In this question, you will listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked to summarize important information from the lecture. To make this practice more like the real test, cover the question during the lectu
4、re. After you hear the question, you have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.（分数：20.00）_托福-36 (1)答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSPEAKING/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Listen for a question about a familiar topic.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(My most prized possession
5、is my good reputation. My grandfather taught me to value it above material things. When I was a child, I was attracted to my grandfathers watch, and he explained that if the watch failed to keep accurate time, hed get a new watch. Later, I begged to drive my grandfathers car because it was a much be
6、tter car than my parents had. He let me drive it occasionally, and he always asked me to be careful. He also made me understand that the car could be replaced but, but I could never be replaced. And he told me that his most prized possession was his good reputation and that was why he had good frien
7、ds and a successful business.Id like to be like my grandfather someday so thats why I need to guard my reputation as my most prized possession.)解析：三、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(My choice of prize would be the car over the vacation because it is more pra
8、ctical. Although Im in need of a break now the cars benefits far outweigh those of the holiday. A car would make my life easier immediately. It would lessen the stress of arriving at appointments on time and I could run errands with less trouble. Moreover, I could manage the single most difficult ta
9、sk of the week with greater efficiency and less strain grocery shopping. Normally, shopping and transporting the familys weekly grocery needs requires a great deal of organization. It often means taking a taxi. Having a car would mean more choices in the locations and times we shop. It would also ma
10、ke a difference in our choice of leisure activities. We could drive to far away parks and spend less time to get to movies, school events or family visits. A car would be the smartest choice because it is so useful and it would last much longer than a holiday.)解析：四、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.
11、Read a short passage and listen to a talk on the same topic.Now listen to a student who is speaking at the meeting. She is expressing her opinion about the policy for international students.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The college is considering a change in the TOEFL requirement. It would allow international st
12、udents who Score five points below the cut-off score of 80 to take a credit class while theyre finishing their English courses in the English Language Institute. Urn, the student thinks that the new policy is a good idea because. some students have problems taking a test but they still have the the
13、capacity.to succeed in their credit classes, especially in their major field. And students who qualify will have an academic advisor so theyll be more likely to take a class they can handle. So she also suggests that a part-time schedule would give students a smoother transition into a full-time aca
14、demic schedule and, uh, it would also motivate students who have been in the Institute for a long time and theyre getting tired of studying English.)解析：听力原文 I think that this is a good policy because sometimes international students dont do well on an English test but theyre still good students in t
15、heir major field. So, they can probably succeed with a lower score on the TOEFL. And besides that, um, its a good idea to begin with one credit class instead of a full course load. I mean, studying part time while finishing the language classes will provide more of a.a transition into regular course
16、s. Also, after several semesters in the English Language Institute, most international students become impatient.and this opportunity.to begin regular classes.it would increase their motivation toward the end of their language program.五、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Please listen carefully.（分数：2
17、0.00）_正确答案：(The professor gives a talk to demonstrate Occams Razorthe idea that the simplest and most reasonable explanation for unexpected phenomena is usually the best. He uses an example from his own experience to explain the point. The professor says he walked past a tree and noticed it was burn
18、ed on top, and thought that it seemed strange. The first theory he had to explain it was that someone had deliberately started a fire. But, this theory relies on too many assumptions and improbable things. Like, the person would have no reason to start the fire, and then they would have trouble gett
19、ing down afterwards, too. However, his second theory, that the tree was struck by lightning, is much simpler. Its more logical and fact-based. It explains why the fire only affected the top of the tree. Plus, there was actually a storm that morning.)解析：听力原文 Okay, so when something unusual happens, p
20、eople often have a hard time explaining it. But its normally the simplest explanation thats best, right? Like, this morning I walked past a tree and I noticed that the top part of it was burned. I thought this was a bit strange. Its not often you see a burned tree top. So, I started to wonder how it
21、 got that way. My first thought was that maybe someone burned it on purpose. I figured they might have climbed the tree and set fire to it. But what evidence did I have to support that theory? Why would someone want to do that in the first place? And besides, it doesnt explain how the arsonistthe pe
22、rson who started the firegot down from the tree, either. So there are a lot of assumptions and inconsistencies in that theory, right? The second thing that occurred to me was that the tree might have been hit by lightning. This would explain why only the top of the tree got burned. And also, I remem
23、bered that there had been a storm early this morning. The sound of thunder had actually woken me up. So this theory made more sense, and it was based on the facts. So, its a much more compelling explanation.六、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Now listen to a short conversation between a student and
24、her friend.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The womans suffering from daily headaches, and shes controlling the pain by taking Tylenol. The man suggests that she make an appointment with a doctor at the health center because the problem should be diagnosed by a professional, but he also mentions the possibility tha
25、t the doctor might refer her for an eye exam. Apparently, the problems worse when shes been staring at the computer for long periods of time. Urn.he reminds her that if the doctor at the health center refers her for the eye exam, the student health insurance may pay a large percentage of the cost fo
26、r glasses. So.I think the woman should take the mans advice because eyestrains a common problem for college students, and she probably does need an eye appointment, but by going to the doctor at the health center first, she can be certain that there isnt something more serious going on, and if she n
27、eeds glasses, the referral will probably allow her to use her insurance benefit.)解析：听力原文 Friend: Are you still having headaches? Student: Yeah. Im taking Tylenol every day. Friend: That doesnt sound good. Why dont you go over to the health center? Student: I keep thinking itll go away. Probably just
28、 a tension headache. I feel really stressed out this semester. Friend: Well, youre probably right, but it still wouldnt hurt to get a checkup. Maybe the doctor will refer you for an eye exam. I used to get headaches from eyestrain, especially when I was using my computer a lot. And guess what? I nee
29、ded to get my glasses changed. Student: No kidding? I hadnt thought about that, but I do notice that it gets worse after Ive been using my computer. Friend: Well, then. Thats important to mention when you see the doctor at the health center. Student: You think I should still go to the health center?
30、 I mean, if its my eyes, I.I could just make an appointment with the eye doctor. Friend: You could, but you really arent sure what it is. Id go to the doctor at the health center; and Id ask for a referral to the eye doctor. Besides, if you get referred, I think your student health insurance will pa
31、y most of the cost of new glasses.七、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.In this question, you will listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked to summarize important information from the lecture. To make this practice more like the real test, cover the question during the lecture. After you he
32、ar the question, you have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Direct competition is when a bird actively excludes others from getting resources. Examples of direct competition are stealing food, establishing territories, and fighting. Indirect competition is
33、when birds simply use up a resource so that other birds cannot use that resource. An example is a flock of geese eating all the food in an area. Competition and population size are related because when a population increases, the likelihood of competition also increases. Competition may limit the po
34、pulation size because there are not enough resources for more birds.)解析：听力原文 Competition is the struggle among birds for resources. Whenever theres a limited supply of a resourcesuch as food, nest sites, or matestherell be competition. Competition can take place between birds of the same species or
35、between birds of different species. There are a couple of forms of competition: direct and indirect. Direct competition is when a bird actively excludes others from getting resources. A common example is stealing; a bird may simply take food from another. Another example is territories. Especially d
36、uring the breeding season, birds maintain and defend some sort of territory. They form territories to defend resources like food, or to maintain access to good nest sites, or to attract mates. Some birds compete directly by fighting, for example, when they compete for mates. Others fight over food;
37、you can see this if you watch gulls feeding on the garbage at the local garbage dump. And the second type of competition is indirect competition, when birds simply use up a resource. When one species eats all the seeds or berries or grubs, this will prevent other species from using that resource. In
38、direct competition is less open than direct competition, but it can have just as great an influence on populations. For example, a flock of geese grazing in a field will gradually decrease the amount of food there. The larger the flock, the faster the food will be used up, and this reduces the amoun
39、t of food available to other species. Competition determines the size of bird populations. As the population of a species increases in a particular area, the likelihood of competition also increases. Eventually, competition may limit the size of the population because theres simply not enough food and nest sites for more birds. Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two types of competition in bird populations. Then explain how population size and competition are related.
