1、托福真题 2012 年 7 月 22 日及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Describe one of the biggest changes in the past two decades that affects peoples life in your country. Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Which one do you prefer, st
2、udying in your own country or studying abroad? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Removal of Vending Machines on CampusIn a surprise move, the University of California announced yesterday it will begin a campus-wide ban on vending machines. T
3、he ban, which applies to both dormitories and classroom building corridors, will go into effect at the beginning of Spring Semester 2012. Dr. Ralph Birkenstock, Campus Wellness Facilitator noted two main reasons for the ban. “Vending machines sell junk food,“ he said. “Removing the machines will enf
4、orce healthy eating by students. If a few uncooperative individuals still feel the need to buy snacks, there is that big supermarket right off campus.“Question: The woman expresses her opinion of the proposal to remove vending machines on campus. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives f
5、or holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.MagnificationMagnification is a tendency of some people to concentrate too much on the negative side of events. This can lead to unwise decision making that produces both failure and unhappi
6、ness. The degree of magnification can vary and it appears in different types. The first kind exaggerates the likelihood of unwanted events. “Im sure to fail.“ The second exaggerates the importance of failures or mistakes that have occurred. “After this mistake, my life is over!“ The third generalize
7、s from a single negative event to an unbroken pattern of failure. “I always lose!“ The same person, of course, may suffer from all three forms. While these may simply be annoying traits, all three behaviors can be related to depression, either as cause or symptom.Question: Using the information from
8、 the lecture, explain how the professors story of his son demonstrates the concept of magnification as outlined in the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the womans problem. Describe
9、the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two different physical features fish have to keep them floating in water without sinking.（分数：20.
10、00）_托福真题 2012 年 7 月 22 日答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Describe one of the biggest changes in the past two decades that affects peoples life in your country. Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: Perhaps the biggest change that affects p
11、eoples lives is the availability of the Internet.Reason 1: First, the Internet has affected peoples lives so much in terms of socializing. Millions of people in China can now connect with each other and link up with new friends around the world.Reason 2: Another reason the Internet has changed our l
12、ives in China so much is more practical. Chinese can discover new business strategies; learn more of other cultures and worldwide events, and gain more voice than ever before.Conclusion: The Internet has been the biggest change of all in China in the past 20 years.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synony
13、ms (a)affectinfluence(b)InternetWeb(c)each otherone another(d)around the worldfrom all over the world(e)discoverfind(f)worldwide eventsevents around the globeg(g)gain more voicehave more to say二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Which one do you prefer, studying in your own country or studying abroad? Ple
14、ase include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I think that if you want a career in your own country, it is best to study domestically.Reason 1: First, if you want to work in your own country its best to study and get your education from the same country because when you go
15、 to college, you often learn and practice skills that pertain only to your own nation. Other nations have different ways of conducting business and office.Reason 2: Next, it is important to network and create ties while still studying. If you want to work domestically, you should build social contac
16、ts within your own field of study and location.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)pertain tobe relevant to(b)etiquettemanners, protocol(c)networkmake/forge connectionsParaphrases We often acquire culture-specific skills at university.三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Removal of Vending Machines on
17、 CampusIn a surprise move, the University of California announced yesterday it will begin a campus-wide ban on vending machines. The ban, which applies to both dormitories and classroom building corridors, will go into effect at the beginning of Spring Semester 2012. Dr. Ralph Birkenstock, Campus We
18、llness Facilitator noted two main reasons for the ban. “Vending machines sell junk food,“ he said. “Removing the machines will enforce healthy eating by students. If a few uncooperative individuals still feel the need to buy snacks, there is that big supermarket right off campus.“Question: The woman
19、 expresses her opinion of the proposal to remove vending machines on campus. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The woman strongly rejects the proposal to remove vending machines on campus. She ha
20、s two reasons.First, she believes that instead of removing the vending machines, the school actually needs to replace junk food in the machines with healthier food such as nuts and orange juice. So the vending machines should not be removed, but filled with healthy food.She also says that students o
21、ften get hungry between classes. But buying food at the supermarket will cause students to be late for class. Plus, the grocery store closes earlier than the library where students often study late. Finally, the area near the supermarket isnt safe at night.)解析：听力原文M: Susan! Did you read the article
22、on the bulletin board this morning? The university is banning vending machines!W: Youre not serious! What on earth for?M: You know that “green“ professor they hired, Dr. Birkenstock? He says the vending machines make junk food available.W: I agree, but its really stupid to just get rid of the machin
23、es. I mean, couldnt the school just replace the junk food with nuts, fruit juice, and maybe some herbal teas.“M: Oh my Godl No one but you would buy things like that!W: If you can make healthy food available, people will buy it. And the school should encourage students to have a healthy diet. Anyway
24、, what if people get hungry between classes? Going to the supermarket or 7-Eleven will make you late for class.M: Yes, I guess you are right.W: Even worse, you know, a lot of us study in the library late at night. Going to the grocery store isnt convenient. I mean, its only open till ten. Plus, it i
25、snt safe walking around that neighborhood after dark.M: Yap, somebody needs to have a talk with the university.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)removeeliminate (b)healthy foodhealthy diet(c)filledstocked (d)at nightin the evening, after darkParaphrases 1. Rather than remove the machines, the sol
26、ution is to replace junk food with healthy items.2. Tardiness in coming to class will be an unintended by-product of banning vending machines.四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.MagnificationMagnification is a tendency of some people to concentrate too much on the negative side of events. This can lead to
27、 unwise decision making that produces both failure and unhappiness. The degree of magnification can vary and it appears in different types. The first kind exaggerates the likelihood of unwanted events. “Im sure to fail.“ The second exaggerates the importance of failures or mistakes that have occurre
28、d. “After this mistake, my life is over!“ The third generalizes from a single negative event to an unbroken pattern of failure. “I always lose!“ The same person, of course, may suffer from all three forms. While these may simply be annoying traits, all three behaviors can be related to depression, e
29、ither as cause or symptom.Question: Using the information from the lecture, explain how the professors story of his son demonstrates the concept of magnification as outlined in the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The lecture is about a psychological phenomenon ca
30、lled magnification. The professor explains this concept by giving an example of his son acting in a play.His son dreamed of being an actor. So he participated in a show and played a big role right after he started school. Parents were invited to watch the show; the sons performance was awesome and i
31、mpressive. However, he felt the play was terrible because he forgot a line during the play. The professor and his wife told him that the audience didnt even know the part he missed. Still, the son felt the performance was awful and even gave up the chance to play the next year as well as his dream o
32、f being an actor.)解析：听力原文M: Theres no need to use a lot of technical language to introduce the term “magnification.“ In simple terms, this just refers to the habit some people have of making a great deal of a small failure, or possibility of a failure. They refuse to see things in their true importa
33、nce. An example should make all of this clear.I will give you an example that involves my son. He wanted to be an actor. Well, a few months into his first term at school, he got the lead role in a school production of “Henry V.“ My wife and I were in the audience that night, and my son played the yo
34、ung King Henry, and the performance was awesome. After the show, we went backstage to congratulate him.The boy was crushed, near crying. Why? He had forgotten one line-just one line!- during the play. The audience hadnt even noticed. He kept on talking about how hard he had prepared and how embarras
35、sed he was over his “unforgivable mistake.“He never let it drop either. He wouldnt listen to us and his director. He refused to continue on in drama and has totally given up on his dream of being an actor. So you see, the only one who thinks he made a mistake is himself. The magnification in this ca
36、se made for the end of a dream.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)phenomenondisorder (b)dream of beingaspire to be(c)start schoolbegin school life (d)audienceviewersParaphrases 1. Because he flubbed one fine, he was crushed.2. Nevertheless, the boy felt his performance had been a disaster and he d
37、ecided to forego his dream of being an actor.五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the womans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The girl has a confl
38、ict between seeing her father and studying for an important test tomorrow.Her friend gives her two suggestions. First, she could ask the professor to give her the test at another time. Or she could see her father, but only have dinner with him and not go for a movie.The better solution here is to se
39、e her father, but only for part of the evening. In this way, she can meet her father as well as have time to study for her upcoming test.However, to make a false excuse to reschedule the test is unfair to the other students.)解析：听力原文M: Allison, you look worried. Whats the trouble?W: You know we have
40、that test in Professor OHares biology class tomorrow.M: How could I forget? Ive been studying for the past two nights! Didnt you study?W: Thats just half of my problem. I told you how my dads really busy and I never get to see him. Tonight, he finally has a free evening. He wants to take me to a fan
41、cy restaurant for dinner. Then we will go to theater for a movie. If I do that, I wont have time to study for the test at all.M: Theres an easy answer. Professor OHare is a reasonable guy. Why not just tell him a good reason and reschedule the exam? Hes sure to let you take it later.W: Yeah, I could
42、. But my dad is always telling me that I have to study harder and get better grades. He will think Im not responsible.M: So, he wants you to be the perfect student and have time to go see him too? Hey! I have an idea! You can just go have dinner with him, but cancel the movie. I mean, that way, youd
43、 still see him, but youd also get to study.W: Good idea. Id even impress him with how hard-working I am. Ohhh, no!M: Now what?W: I just realized. After the dinner with my Dad, Ill be too tired to study well anyway. Besides, one night isnt enough to prepare for my test tomorrow, and Ill have to skip
44、sleeping.“M: You always complain!Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)give a testadminister a test(b)upcomingapproaching(c)to make an excusemaking an excuse(d)reschedule the testchange the date of the testParaphrases 1. The girl is caught on the horns of a dilemma: to see her father and not study, o
45、r to study but miss seeing her father.2. She should opt to see her father, albeit for just a portion of the evening.六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two different physical features fish have to keep them floating in water without sinking.（分
46、数：20.00）_正确答案：(According to the lecture, fish have a tendency to sink. And two physical features help keep them from sinking.Fins are one physical feature and they play a very important role to keep fish afloat. For example, sharks have fins that look and work like wings of aircraft. When a shark swims, it keeps pushing water with its fins, and the counterforce
