1、托福真题 2012 年 7 月 14 日及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Of the following three professions, which do you most respect: photographers, musicians or painters? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Which do you prefer, paper bo
2、oks or electronic ones? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Volunteer Service to the PublicThe university today announced that the school will provide free transportation and housing for summer volunteers doing services work in low-income neig
3、hborhoods. Outreach Director Silas Paul said the offer is made in the hope of stimulating a spirit of Christian charity toward our less fortunate neighbors in nearby cities. The program has suffered from a lack of volunteers in recent years; therefore, the school will offer free transportation and a
4、ccommodation to volunteers to help the public through their social work. Besides, it only enhances the universitys image in the eyes of poor prospective students in those neighborhoods. This situation is win-win all the way around,“ said Paul.Question: The man expresses his opinion about the policy
5、of volunteer service to the public. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Passive-aggressive BehaviorPassive-aggressive behavior is a personality trait that shows disagreement,
6、 anger, or resentment of someone by resistance to fulfilling that others legitimate expectations, but in non-obvious ways. This may occur in both social and work situations. Its most obvious manifestation is failure to perform tasks for which one is responsible, but there are other behaviors as well
7、. These include learned helplessness-the demand for help performing simple tasks-stubbornness, procrastination, sullenness, and lack of initiative.Question: Using the information from the lecture, explain how the professors personal experience of showing up late to his sisters dinner party demonstra
8、tes passive-aggressive behavior as discussed in the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the womans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solu
9、tions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two ways ants use to get water from other places to their nests.（分数：20.00）_托福真题 2012 年 7 月 14 日答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Of the follo
10、wing three professions, which do you most respect: photographers, musicians or painters? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I suppose the one I respect the most would have to be photographers for the following reasons.Reason 1: The photographers job is often
11、one of the most dangerous in the world. To get the perfect photo, these artists will travel to warring countries, poor nations, the worst part of the city, and the most remote natural landscapes on earth. They must have incredible dedication to get their job done.Reason 2: Another reason I respect p
12、hotographers is because getting the perfect shot requires a lot of work. While painters and musicians can sit around their studio and make art, photographers have to spend time in the rain, in the snow, in battle, and among many people.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)in the worldon the plan
13、et(b)warring countriescombat zones(c)worst parts of the cityghettos, slums(d)dedicationcommitmentParaphrases While painters and musicians can ply their art while taking their ease, .二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Which do you prefer, paper books or electronic ones? Please include specific details in
14、your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I prefer old-fashioned books for the following two reasons.Reason 1: First, as a learner and student, I enjoy underlining passages in books and writing notes in the page margins for future study. You cannot do this with electronic books. Plus, I also like to
15、loan out books to friends, and borrow books from them.Reason 2: The other reason I prefer paper books is because many older texts are still unavailable electronically. Many classics have not been put into e-book format yet. So paper books give me a larger selection.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synon
16、yms (a)underlinehighlight (b)future studyfuture reference(c)loan outlendParaphrases 1. It is impossible to do this with electronic books.2. I also prize being able to swap books with bibliophile friends.三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Volunteer Service to the PublicThe university today announced that
17、the school will provide free transportation and housing for summer volunteers doing services work in low-income neighborhoods. Outreach Director Silas Paul said the offer is made in the hope of stimulating a spirit of Christian charity toward our less fortunate neighbors in nearby cities. The progra
18、m has suffered from a lack of volunteers in recent years; therefore, the school will offer free transportation and accommodation to volunteers to help the public through their social work. Besides, it only enhances the universitys image in the eyes of poor prospective students in those neighborhoods
19、. This situation is win-win all the way around,“ said Paul.Question: The man expresses his opinion about the policy of volunteer service to the public. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The univer
20、sity will provide free transportation and housing for students who do volunteer work in poor neighborhoods.The young man is an enthusiastic supporter. He offers two reasons. First, many students cannot easily bear the cost of traveling wh en doing volunteer work and dont know the way to get to the p
21、oor neighborhoods. So the program can solve their problem.Also, With free housing and transportation, volunteers can use the money saved for training; therefore, they can get the work done efficiently.)解析：听力原文W: John, I hear youve volunteered to do the public service for those lower income families
22、in the big cities.M: Thats right.W: Well, Im proud of you. So many of my students only think about making money or having fun in the summer.M: The universitys new program is a big factor in my decision.W: New program? Im afraid I didnt hear about that one.M: Now, if students volunteer to do services
23、 work in poor neighborhoods, the school will provide free transportation and lodging.W: I see. Is that necessary?M: You had better believe that a lot of us cant easily afford the travel cost, and most of us cant even find the right neighborhood. With the school providing free transportation, we will
24、 know where to go and we wont have to pay for traveling. Plus its a great opportunity to do Christian service and get practical experience.W: Yeah.I know what you mean. The money is a big issue.M: Definitely, thats a good thing about the program. I wanted to go last year, but I didnt know about the
25、money till the very last minute. Now with transportation and housing taken care of, we can even plan to do some training so our work will be a lot more effective!Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)housinglodging (b)volunteer workcommunity service(c)bear the cost ofafford the bill for(d)solvereliev
26、eParaphrases 1. The university is offering transportation and housing gratis to student volunteers in its inner-city outreach program.2. Volunteers can use money saved from transportation and lodging to devote themselves to their outreach activity and training.四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Passive-a
27、ggressive BehaviorPassive-aggressive behavior is a personality trait that shows disagreement, anger, or resentment of someone by resistance to fulfilling that others legitimate expectations, but in non-obvious ways. This may occur in both social and work situations. Its most obvious manifestation is
28、 failure to perform tasks for which one is responsible, but there are other behaviors as well. These include learned helplessness-the demand for help performing simple tasks-stubbornness, procrastination, sullenness, and lack of initiative.Question: Using the information from the lecture, explain ho
29、w the professors personal experience of showing up late to his sisters dinner party demonstrates passive-aggressive behavior as discussed in the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The lecture is about a behavior known as passive-aggressive conduct, and the professor
30、 gives an example from his own life.Nearly a year ago, his favorite sister failed to come to his birthday party. She had a reason for not coming, and the professor said he understood. But in his heart, he was angry. Later, his sister wanted him to come to dinner. He deliberately came late and felt g
31、ood that he spoiled her evening. The professors example is typical of passive- aggression.)解析：听力原文M: Passive-aggression behavior sounds awful, doesnt it? But I think most of us have been-or arepassive-aggressive, at least sometimes. Now let me give an example from my own life.About a year ago, it wa
32、s my birthday. I had a get-together planned at my house just for a few friends and relatives. Well, my favorite sister said she couldnt come over because she is a doctor, and there was an emergency. So, I told her I understood. But, yeah, deep down I was angry. I knew it was wrong, but I felt really
33、 hurt. So some time later, my sister asked me to have dinner. I went to the dinner. But I made sure I was more than an hour late. My sister looked like she wanted to cry. I could see I had pretty well spoiled her evening. And all I could think was, “So, now she knows how I felt!“ You know what? Doin
34、g that felt pretty good, even though its terrible to have to admit it. That is a classic example of passive-aggressive behavior. I was resentful and I got revenge simply by fulfilling a promise too slowly.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)a reasonan excuse, an alibi (b)in his heartdeep down(c)del
35、iberatelyon purposeParaphrases 1. She offered an excuse; he claimed to accept her alibi.2. He came late on purpose.五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the womans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solu
36、tions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The womans writing class has too many students for her to learn well.Her friend says she could take another writing class with fewer students. Or she could just wait until next semester and take the same class starting at 8:00 a.m.I prefer the second
37、 solution.Since she refuses to take another writing class and thinks this course is very important for her writing, the only option is to choose the same course next semester.Therefore, she should bear the difficulty of getting out of bed a little earlier. Plus, a great many jobs start at 8:00 a.m.;
38、 so she can start getting used to it now. In the long run, shell benefit.)解析：听力原文W: Hi, Jim.M: Hey, you look worried.W: Its just that I really, really wanted to take Dr. Browns creative writing class.M: I thought you said you have signed up for it already.W: I did. But there must be fifty of us in t
39、hat little room. No one can really talk to Professor Brown or ask questions!M: So why is that a problem? Dont people learn by listening?W: Really, Jim. If someone is going to improve as a writer, she needs personal attention and feedback. Here, Im just not getting any!M: So change to another writing
40、 class. I hear Dr. Wilsons class has about four students.W: Dont you think there might be a reason for that? Wilson is an old man who never even wrote a book. Dr. Brown is brilliant! Id do anything just to have his class.M: OK, why not wait till next semester? Brown will give the same class, but it
41、will be at 8:00 a.m. probably fewer people will sign up for it. There, problem solved.W: It isnt solved at all! Im not a morning person. I cant get up every day before eight!M: You know, some writers wrote great books in war or prison. You only complain.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)classsemi
42、nar (b)refusewill not consider(c)bearput up withParaphrases 1. Her friend advises her to transfer to a less crowded section./Her friend says she could change to another writing class with fewer students.2. She should be willing to bear the difficulty of getting out of bed a little earlier. /Crawling
43、 out of bed a little earlier is a small price to pay.六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two ways ants use to get water from other places to their nests.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The instructor presents a lecture about how ants collect water and transp
44、ort it to their nest. Ants have at least two ways to gather water.One way is for them to carry water drops on their backs. A considerable number of ants working together can carry the drop without breaking or spilling any all the way to their nest.The other method is to wait until a large amount of
45、water collects on a leaf. The leaf is like a container with water inside. Then a team of ants carry the water container back to the nest.)解析：听力原文W: Well take up where we left off last time, talking about life inside the ant nest. One of the needs the ant community has is water. True, ants drink very
46、 little water. They get most of their water from food. But they have other uses for water, particularly keeping their eggs moist in dry climates. So the ants have a problem: how to get water back to the nest? There are two ways ants transport water.The first method is for ants to carry water drop-by-drop on their backs to the nest. Usually they find such water st
