1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.（分数：1.00）A.regularB.specificC.extraordinaryD.rare2.In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.（分数：1.00）A.
2、strangeB.certainC.inconsistentD.proper3.Do you need anybody to assist you in your work?（分数：1.00）A.informB.aidC.directD.instruct4.Peter is experiencing a difficult period in his life.（分数：1.00）A.going intoB.going out ofC.going overD.going through5.Japan made a proposal to Korea for increasing trade be
3、tween two countries.（分数：1.00）A.preparationB.exceptionC.suggestionD.companion6.The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.（分数：1.00）A.disappearB.developC.lingerD.renew7.Have you got a spare pen?（分数：1.00）A.newB.longC.thinD.extra8.Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth
4、 in an almost pure state.（分数：1.00）A.regularlyB.accidentallyC.sometimesD.successfully9.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of man.（分数：1.00）A.possibleB
5、.typicaiC.interestingD.morally good10.I can hardly believe it, its amazing.（分数：1.00）A.over and overB.unconsciousC.unreliableD.incredible11.Below 600 feet ocean waters range from dimly lit to completely dark.（分数：1.00）A.inadequatelyB.hardlyC.faintlyD.sufficiently12.Sandre came across an important lett
6、er yesterday while cleaning the desk.（分数：1.00）A.mentionedB.readC.discoveredD.walked away with13.We should be cautious in crossing a crowded street.（分数：1.00）A.carefulB.intelligentC.quietD.weary14.If you have any complaint please see the manager.（分数：1.00）A.protestB.criticismC.suggestionD.fault15.Thus
7、our conviction is reinforced that only social revolution can really solve the problems of the people.（分数：1.00）A.argumentB.beliefC.proposalD.theory二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B Changes in Museums/BMuseums have changed. They are no longer places that one “shou
8、ld” visit, they are places to enjoy and learn.At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan (大城市的) Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at the seventeenth century instruments while listening t
9、o their music. At New Yorks American Museum of Natural History recently, you can help make a bone-by bone reproduction of the museums dinosaur(恐龙), a beast that lived 200 million years ago.More and more museum directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what t
10、hey are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of scienc
11、e. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage.One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of
12、these young people are college students or college graduates. Leon F. Twiggs, a young black professor of art once said, “They see things in a new and different way. They are not satisfied to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate(参加) in.” The same is true of science and h
13、istory.（分数：7.00）(1).When visiting museums nowadays, people can take part in many activities.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).New Yorks American Museum of Natural History is opened recently.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).In science museums nowadays visitors a
14、re not allowed to touch or operate the objects on display.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).In science museums today, people no longer feel strange in the world of science but gain scientific knowledge by themselves.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).In America t
15、oday, all science museums are open to the public and free.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).People can afford to got the modern museums since they have more time now.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Young people who are well-educated like the art they can parti
16、cipate in.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。Trade Unions1. Some scholars have associated trade unions with the medieval craft guilds(中世纪的行会
17、), but there are important differences between the two. The guild members were master craftsmen who owned capital and often employed workers. Unions are known as associations of workers with similar skills.2. In the past, individual workers had no control over the conditions of their working lives;
18、political and economic power was concentrated in the hands of wealthy business owners. Workers found, however, that there was strength in uniting. From their earliest years, union objectives have been higher wages and improved working conditions.3. Employers resisted, of course. They made great effo
19、rts to stop union organizing its activities. Union members were fired, workers were forced to sign contracts in which they promised not to join a union, and companies hired strikebreakers (破坏罢工者) and even gunmen to frighten organizers.4. One of the earliest successful labor organizations in the Unit
20、ed States was the Knights of Labor, founded in 1869. The Knights, which included both skilled and unskilled workers, attempted to organize all workers into one great union. Alter it successfully struck the Wabash railroad owned by Jay Gould in 1885, its popularity and power grew dramatically. In 188
21、6 the Knights had 700,000 members.5. The decline of the Knights of Labor, however, came quickly. The strike against Gould was gradually broken, and the Knights radical positions on social issues cost them public support. In the end, a lack of unity as well as the rapid inflow of unskilled immigrants
22、 weakened the unions economic power, and the organization came to an end.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Guilders had the money to_.A. Ask for higher wages（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Workers unit
23、ed together to_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Employers would try their best to_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Knights lost its popularity because it took_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Eat Healthy/B“Clean your plate!” a
24、nd “Be a member of the clean plate club!” Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, its accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!” Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US tak
25、e too many bites. Instead of staying “clean the plate”, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the g
26、overnment, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told U
27、SA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this, too. The restaurant industry trade magazine
28、QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large portions. 70
29、 percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $ 25,000 want smaller.Its not that working class Americans dont want to eat healthy. Its just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly see
30、ms like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next years Christmas presents.（分数：15.00）(1).Parents in the United States tend to ask their children（分数：3.00）A.to save food.B.to wash the dishes.C.not to waste food.D.not to eat too much.(2).Why do American res
31、taurants serve large portions?（分数：3.00）A.Because Americans associate quantity with value.B.Because Americans have big bellies.C.Because Americans are good eaters,D.Because Americans are greedy,(3).What happened in the 1970s?（分数：3.00）A.The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gav
32、e to a customer.B.Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.C.The United States produced more grain than needed.D.The American waistline started to expand,(4).What does the survey indicate?（分数：3.00）A.Many poor Americans want large portions,B.Twenty percent Americans want smaller
33、 portions.C.Fifty seven percent Americans earn $150,000 per year.D.Twenty three percent Americas earn less than $ 25,000 per year.(5).Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans?（分数：3.00）A.They work long hours.B.They live from paycheck to paycheck.C.They dont want to be healthy eat
34、ers.D.They want to save money for their children.B第二篇/BB The Deers Death/BHe ran close, and again stood still, stopped by a new fear. Around him the grass was whispering and alive. He looked wildly about, then down. The ground was black with ants, great energetic ants that took no notice of him, but
35、 hurried towards the fighting shape. And as he drew in his breath and pity and terror seized him, the beast fell and the screaming stopped. Now he could hear nothing but a bird singing, and the sound of the rustling (沙沙声) whispering ants.He peered over at the blackness that twitched with the jerking
36、(抽搐) nerves. It grew quieter. There were small twitches from the mass that still looked vaguely like the shape of a small animal.It came into his mind that he could shoot it and end its pain; and he raised the gun. Then he lowered it again. The deer could no longer feel; its fighting was a mechanica
37、l protest of the nerves. But it was not that which made him put down the gun. It was a swelling feeling of rage and misery and protest that expressed itself in the thought: if I had not come it would have died like this, so why should I interfere? All over the bush things like this happen; they happ
38、en all the time; this is how life goes on, by living things dying painfully. I cannot stop it. He was glad that the deer was unconscious and had gone past suffering so that he did not have to make a decision to kill it. At his feet, now, were ants tricking back with pink fragments in their mouths an
39、d there was a fresh acid smell in his nose. He sternly controlled the uselessly convulsing(痉挛的) muscles of his empty stomach, and reminded himself: the ants must eat, too.The shape had grown small. Now it looked like nothing to be recognized. He saw the blackness thin, and bits of white showed throu
40、gh, shining in the sunyes, there was the sun just up. Then the boy looked at those insects. A few were standing and gazing up at him with small glittering eyes. “Go away!” he said to the ants coldly. “I am not for younot just yet, at any rate.”He bent over the bones and touched the sockets(孔) in the
41、 skull: that was where the eyes were, he thought suspiciously, remembering the liquid eyes of a deer.That morning, perhaps an hour ago, this small creature had been stepping proud and free through the bush even as he himself had done. Proudly stepping the earth, it had smelt the cold morning air. Wa
42、lking like kings, it had moved freely through this bush, where each blade of grass grew for it alone, and where the river ran pure sparkling water for it to drink.And thenwhat had happened? Such a sure swift footed thing could surely not be trapped by a swarm of ants?（分数：15.00）(1).How was the deer w
43、hen the boy first saw it?（分数：3.00）A.It was already dead in the bush.B.It was still on its feet.C.It was lying on the ground dying.D.It was fighting the ants to a finish.(2).The boy did not shoot the deer because_.（分数：3.00）A.he felt sorry for itB.he did not want to hurt itC.he did not want to kill it
44、 when it was consciousD.he did not want to interfere with the laws of the bush(3).When the ants ate up the meat on the skeleton it was_.（分数：3.00）A.late afternoonB.close to midnightC.just after dawnD.already dark(4).What made the boy have some understanding of the horrible ants?（分数：3.00）A.The uncomfo
45、rtable feeling of his empty stomach.B.The fact that the deer had gone past feeling anything.C.His sympathy for all creatures living in the bush.D.His understanding of the ruthless law of the jungle.(5).What can you infer from the last three paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.The boy suddenly understood how the d
46、eer could have lost its life.B.The boy remembered a deer he had once shot in the early morning.C.It was incredible to the boy that ants were capable of killing a deer.D.It was hard for him to tell himself from the deer as a free creature of the bush.B第三篇/BB Generation Gap/BA few years ago, it was fa
47、shionable to speak of a generation gap, a division between young people and their elders. Parents complained that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap sudd
48、enly appeared? Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many critics argue that it is built into the fabric of our society.One important cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own life styles. In more traditional societies, when chi
49、ldren grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and approve of, and often to continue the family occupation. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, most out of the family home at an early age, marry o
