1、职称英语理工类 B 级-42 及答案解析(总分：530.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.They agreed to Usettle/U the dispute by peaceful means. A. solve B. determine C. untie D. complete（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The scientists began to Uaccumulate/U a huge mass of data. A. amass B. put up C. make up D. clear up（分数：1.
2、00）A.B.C.D.3.When Jack eventually Uovertook/U the last truck he pulled over to the inside lane. A. skipped B. passed C. reached D. led（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Because of the popularity of the region, it is Uadvisable/U to book hotels in advance. A. possible B. profitable C. easy D. wise（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.
3、Data from Voyager have presented astronomers with a Upuzzle/U about why our outermost planet exists. A. problem B. mystery C. question D. point（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.He rolled up his trouser leg to Uexhibit/U his wounded knee. A. spread B. open C. show D. examine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Why cant you stop your
4、 Ueternal/U complaining! A. everlasting B. long C. monotonous D. lengthy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.This poem Udepicts/U the beautiful scenery of a small town in the south. A. describes B. draws C. writes D. introduces（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The telephone system is no longer Uoperative/U. A. flowing B. moving C.
5、rotating D. working（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Hundreds of buildings were Uwrecked/U by the earthquake. A. shaken B. fallen C. damaged D. trembled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The latest car model Uembodies/U many new improvements. A. consists of B. includes C. makes up D. marks（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Thick clouds Uobscu
6、red/U the stars from view. A. darkened B. held C. blackened D. veil（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The parents have to Urestrain/U their daughter from running out into the street. A. disallow B. reduce C. prevent D. confine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The discovery was Usensational/U. A. sexy B. surprising C. exceptiona
7、l D. exciting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.After supper we usually take a Ustroll/U around the park for about an hour. A. walk B. rest C. bath D. breath（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Motion SicknessLiving in space looks like lots of fun. You can do certain things in space (like floating aroun
8、d, or pushing huge objects) that you cannot do on earth. But being in space can do things to you, too. If you stay too long in a gravity-free environment, your bones could become weak, and a small spaceship just might annoy you after a while, because space travel could make you seasick!On July 4,198
9、2, after seven days orbiting the earth, astronauts Thomas K. Mattingly and Henry W. Hartsfield returned home. Although not all of the experiments on board worked properly, the flight basically seemed to be a success except for one “little“ thing. early in the flight, astronaut Hartsfield became “sea
10、sick“.Thomas Mattingly, who is also a jet pilot and is highly resistant to motion sickness on earth, did much better. Mattingly sailed through space with a steady stomach. But no one knows why Hartsfield felt uneasy and Mattingly did not.So far it seems there is no reliable way to predict who will b
11、ecome motion sick in outer space and who will not. In all, at least four astronauts have suffered from space motion sickness. Russian and American scientists are working together to try to understand and solve the motion sickness. Space program officials worry that if so many highly-trained pilots g
12、et sick in space, what will happen when civilians start flying in the shuttle?Motion sickness is a disagreeable feeling that comes from the pitching, rolling, swaying, or just the moving of the object you are riding in or on. Symptoms of motion sickness include: dizziness, headache, a sinking feelin
13、g in the stomach, and vomiting.Why does motion make some people ill?Doctors believe that motion sickness is caused by a disturbance in the inner ear. Our ears do more than give us hearing. A part of the ears gives us a sense of balance and helps make us aware of whether we are right side up or upsid
14、e down.If you know that you get carsick or seasick, what can you do?Speak to your doctor. There are certain medicines available that can help stop that uneasy feeling. But many of them can also make you sleepy. Usually they work best taken before you begin feeling ill.Some people also recommend wate
15、r, ice cubes, mints, or plain toast. But these remedies do not always work for everyone.Perhaps, since motion sickness is such a big problem in outer space, researchers may soon find a way to cure the astronautsand those of us who stay on earth.（分数：7.00）(1).Floating in space for too long a time may
16、also do harm to ones lungs and heart. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).At the end of the flight, Hartsfield became “seasick“. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Mattingly was much thinner than Hartsfield. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4
17、).Russian and American scientists are working together to solve the problem of motion sickness in astronauts. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Untrained civilians are more likely to suffer from motion sickness in a spacecraft. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
18、(6).The motion sickness some astronauts suffered from during space travel had been caused by the defective digestive system. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).People suffering from motion sickness during space travel can alleviate its symptoms by eating or drinking something. A.
19、 Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Keeping Cut Flowers1. While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2. An important thing
20、 to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12 than when kept at 26. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most importan
21、t aspect of flower care.3. Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination(授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), c
22、alled respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat
23、 relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.4. How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? B
24、y controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.5. Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. F
25、lowers find it difficult to “drink“ water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach(含氯漂白剂) can be used in small q
26、uantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A. Control of Respiration B. Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers C. Role of Respiration D. Most Important Aspect
27、of Flower Care E. Need for Clean Water F. Ways of Stopping Respiration（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers _. A. by keeping its original shape and color B. in the life
28、of cut flowers C. to produce carbon dioxide D. for as long as possible E. by controlling temperature F. to replace the water and solution every day（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Respiration plays a key role _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Another importan
29、t way to prolong the life of cut flowers is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：75.00)When Fear Takes Control of the MindA panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, but it may feel like forever. The cause can be something as normally un
30、eventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficult breathing. A dizzy feeling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But these can all be signs
31、 of what is known as panic disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18 and 25. In some cases it develops after a tragedy, like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation.In the United States, the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million peo
32、ple are affected in any one-year period. The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men. And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.Panic attacks can be dangerousfor example, if a person is driving at the time. The Chesapeake Bay B
33、ridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water, it is famous for scaring motorists. There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across. Some people who suffer a panic attack develop a phobia(恐惧病), a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the a
34、ttack.But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or antidepressant(抗抑郁的) medicines. Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack. There are breathing methods, for example, that might help a person calm down. Panic disord
35、er is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders. A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases. It says these include thyroid(甲状腺的) disease, lung and stomach problems, migraine headaches(偏头痛) and allergic(过敏的) conditi
36、ons. Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. But, they say, exactly how the two are connected remains unknown.（分数：75.00）(1).Which is NOT a possible sign of panic disorder? A. A fast heartbeat. B. Sweaty hands. C
37、. A joyful feeling. D. Difficult breathing.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which is NOT mentioned as a possible cause of panic disorder? A. Driving over a bridge. B. Flying in an airplane. C. Losing a loved one. D. Being between the ages of 18 and 25.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Panic disorder is said to extend from
38、 _. A. a few months to a lifetime B. a few months to a few years C. a few days to a few months D. a few minutes to a few days（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which is NOT a possible treatment for panic disorder? A. Taking anti-anxiety or antidepressant medicines. B. Repeating the activity that brought on the a
39、ttack. C. Talking to a counselor. D. Learning special breathing methods.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Panic disorder is a kind of _. A. lung and stomach problem B. migraine headache C. anxiety disorder D. allergic condition（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：75.00)Pop Music in AfricaYoung musicians in Afric
40、an countries are creating a new kind of pop music. The tunes and the rhythms of their music combine African traditions with various forms of music popular today, such as hip-hop, rap, rock, jazz or reggae. The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world, but at the sam
41、e time is distinctly African. It is different also in another way- Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.Eric Wainaina is one of these African musicians. He grew up in Nairobi, Kenya, in a family of musicians. As a teenager, he lis
42、tened to pop music from the United States, and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. Now he has produced a CD in Kenya. Erics most popular song, “Land of A Little Something “ is about Kenyas problem of bribery, or paying others for illegal favors. He wants people to list
43、en to his songs and think about how to make Kenya a better place to live.Another musician who writes serious songs is Witness Mwaijaga from Tanzania. Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. At the age of fifteen she lost her home, but she was luckier than
44、other homeless young people. She could make a living by writing songs and singing on the street. By the time she was eighteen years old, she had become a star. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women
45、.Baaba Maal, from Senegal, also feels that pop music must go beyond entertainment. He says that in Senegal, storytellers have always been important people. In the past, they were the ones who kept the history of their people alive. Baaba believes that songwriters now have a similar responsibility. T
46、hey must write about the world around them and help people understand how it could be better. The words of his songs are important, in fact. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for ones family, and saving the environment.One of South Africas most
47、popular musicians is Brenda Fassie. She is sometimes compared to Madonna, the American pop star, because she likes to shock people in her shows. But she also likes to make people think. She became famous in the 1980s for her simple pop songs against apartheid. Now that apartheid has ended, her songs
48、 are about other issues in South African culture and life. To sing about these, she uses local African languages and a new pop style called kwaito.In recent years, people outside of Africa have also begun to listen to these young musicians. Through music, the younger generation of Africans are connecting with the rest of the world
