1、职称英语理工类 C 级-8 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.（分数：1.00）A.slightB.surprisingC.suddenD.harmful2.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.（分
2、数：1.00）A.a steadyB.a plentifulC.an extraD.a stable3.The govemment is Udebating/U the education laws.（分数：1.00）A.discussingB.defeatingC.delayingD.declining4.Cement was Useldom/U used in building the Middle Ages.（分数：1.00）A.crudelyB.rarelyC.originallyD.occasionally5.During the past ten years there have
3、been dramatic changes in the international situation.（分数：1.00）A.permanentB.powerfulC.strikingD.practical6.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.（分数：1.00）A.amazedB.amountedC.amusedD.approached7.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）
4、A.convertB.storeC.useD.receive8.A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the defects in the firms products.（分数：1.00）A.investedB.introducedC.installedD.insisted9.There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.（分数：1.00）A.beatsB
5、.matchesC.maintainsD.announces10.The city has decided to w do away with all the old buildings in its center.（分数：1.00）A.get rid ofB.set upC.repairD.paint11.The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.（分数：1.00）A.developB.disappearC.linkD.renew12.It is out of the question that t
6、he inspector will come .tomorrow.（分数：1.00）A.impossibleB.possibleC.probableD.likely13.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.（分数：1.00）A.conventionallyB.obviouslyC.especiallyD.inevitably14.The most crucial problem any economic system fac
7、es is how to use its scarce resources.（分数：1.00）A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.urgent15.They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.（分数：1.00）A.goodsB.soilC.climateD.harvest二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A 项；如
8、果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B 项；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，清选择 C 项。BNew Product Will Save Lives/BDrinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs (虫子), which can cause illness. A small company called Genera Technologies has produced a testing method in three stages, which shows whether water is safe. The new test sho
9、ws if water needs chemicals added to it to destroy anything harmful. It was invented by scientist Dr.Adrian Patton, who started Genera five years ago. He and his employees have developed the test together with a British water company.Andy Headland, Generas marketing director, recently presented the
10、test at a conference in the USA and forecast good American sales for it. Genera has already sold 11 of its tests at $ ;42,500 a time in the UK and has a further four on order. It expects to sell another 25 tests before the end of March. The company says it is the only test in the UK to be approved b
11、y the government.Genera was formed five years ago and until October last year had only five employees; it now employs 14. Mr. Headland believes that the company should make around $19 million by the end of the year in the UK alone.（分数：7.00）(1).Genera Technologies has developed a method that determin
12、es whether water is clean.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Before he set up Genera, Dr Parton had workedfor a British water company.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The new product has been a commercial Success in the USA.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. No
13、t mentioned(4).Each of the tests costs $ 42,500.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Genera Techn61ogies orders 25 more tests before the end of the year.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).The British government is helping Dr Parton to sell the tests abroad.（分数：1.00）
14、A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Genera has increased the number of its employees recently.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)14 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 58 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案填在相应横
15、线上。BEarthquake/BEvery year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in
16、Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.These are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however,
17、 not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upward from 6.0.The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at o
18、r below the earths surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists blieve may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earths crust and continental drift.In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, s
19、cientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake.Certain phenomena have been o
20、bserved which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before earthquakes happen.（分数：8.00）(1).paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C
21、.D.(2).paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）A.Earthquakes forecastB.Historical records of earthquakesC.Intensities of earthquakesD.Cause of earthquakesE.Indications of earthquakes F. Damaging earthquakes(5).Not all damage during an earthquake i
22、s caused by _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Not all earthquakes are strong enough to cause _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Scientists have been working hard to warn people of _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Earthquakes can be predicted by observing _.（分数：1.00）A.the quake itselfB.accurate predictionC.damage of property and los
23、s of livesD.a possible earthquakeE.the unusual behaviors of some animals F. the strong behaviors of human beings四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文引：根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案填入题前的括号内。B第一篇/BBNew Foods and the New World/BIn the last 500 years, nothing about
24、 people not their clothes, ideas, or languages has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it qui
25、ckly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that
26、thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine (饥荒)“ of 1845 1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite dire
27、ction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered w
28、hen a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake“ feeling that one-third of the worlds population now starts the day with.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following has changed the mos
29、t in the last 500 years?（分数：3.00）A.FoodB.ClothingC.IdeologyD.Language(2).“Some“ in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to _.（分数：3.00）A.some cocoa treesB.some chocolate drinksC.some shopsD.some South American Indians(3).Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine“ because
30、_.（分数：3.00）A.they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything elseB.they were forced to leave their homeland and move to AmericaC.the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoesD.the potato harvest was bad(4).Which country is the largest coffee producer?（
31、分数：3.00）A.BrazilB.ColombiaC.EthiopiaD.Egypt(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.One third of the worlds population drinks coffee.B.Coffee is native to Colombia.C.Coffee can keep one awake.D.Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.B第二篇/BBPushbike Peril
32、/BLow speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer.Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the pro
33、ject with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. “the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures.“ she says.By interviewing the children and
34、their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the h
35、andlebars through 90 degrees but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen.The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The sprin
36、g absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. “But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the pr
37、oblem,“ says Arbogast.The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design a decision is expected later this year.handlebar n (常用复数)(自行车等的)车把abdominal adj 腹部的bioengineer n.生物工程师countermeasure n.对策abdomen n.膜，腹部momentum n.冲力ha
38、ndgrip n.握柄damping adj.制动的，减速的，缓冲的commercialize vt.使商品化（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because _.（分数：3.00）A.they are not noble enoughB.they may kill childrenC.they are likely to crashD.they make the bike move at a low speed(2).In paragraph
39、2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries _.（分数：3.00）A.to discuss how abdominal injuries in children occurB.to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidentsC.to point out what the countermeasures can beD.to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project(3).P
40、aragraph 3 mainly discusses _.（分数：3.00）A.why the children and their parents were interviewedB.when the children turn the handlebars through 90 degreesC.what causes the children to topple overD.how serious injuries occur(4).The passage implies that _.（分数：3.00）A.it is not easy to persuade manufacturer
41、s to adopt the new designB.the team of engineers has hot found any countermeasuresC.children like to ride bicycles at a very low speedD.a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years(5).The new handgrip works in which of the following ways?（分数：3.00）A.It call be commercialize
42、d.B.It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents.C.It adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike.D.It changes the direction of the handlebars in all impact.B第三篇/BBSnow Ranger/BThe two things snow and mountains which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass
43、 of snow and ice crashing down the side of a mountain often called “White Death.“It was file threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937 1938 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatc
44、h National Forest.This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area.Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in th
45、e west was dependent uponcontrolling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did, with its corps of snow rangers.It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have
46、 at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better.He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsid
47、es to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down.The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes.
48、He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski areas operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes. （分数：15.00）(1).The snow rangers are employees of _.（分数：3.00
49、）A.the Forest ServiceB.the Resource BureauC.the Tourist BoardD.the Sports Bureau(2).A snow ranger himself must be _.（分数：3.00）A.a college graduateB.a physicistC.a geologistD.a mountaineer(3).A snow ranger uses very powerful guns _.（分数：3.00）A.to ware skiers of an approaching avalancheB.to signal for help in an emergencyC.to create an avalancheD.to communicate with the
