1、职称英语综合类 A级-12 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He resented being called a foreigner.（分数：1.00）A.hatedB.enjoyedC.annoyedD.shocked2.He had an increasingly uneasy feeling about his answer to the question.（分数：1.00）A.difficultB.worriedC.anxiousD.unhappy3.She was the one in the
2、whole class who was eligible to apply for the scholarship.（分数：1.00）A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.competent4.An exhaustive investigation of the facts proves the contrary.（分数：1.00）A.exhaustedB.tiredC.thoroughD.careful5.We had a very awful earthquake here last year.（分数：1.00）A.lightB.terribleC.sli
3、ghtD.obvious6.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.（分数：1.00）A.slightB.surprisingC.suddenD.harmful7.Dogs are not permitted into the office.（分数：1.00）A.probablyB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed8.His motive in coming was to find o
4、ut the truth.（分数：1.00）A.reasonB.argumentC.targetD.stimuli9.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.（分数：1.00）A.conventionallyB.obviouslyC.especiallyD.inevitably10.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.
5、convertB.storeC.utilizeD.receive11.Soldiers are trained to obey their officers orders without question.（分数：1.00）A.reply toB.apply forC.agree withD.comply with12.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.（分数：1.00）A.amazedB.amountedC.amusedD.approached13.He is assigned t
6、o oversee the production of the assembly lines.（分数：1.00）A.superviseB.watchC.suspectD.predict14.An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of the State.（分数：1.00）A.a unityB.a divisionC.an embassyD.an invitation15.Are you positive that theres no mist
7、ake?（分数：1.00）A.rationalB.reasonableC.certainD.bound二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。The Science of PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leaders esse
8、ntial tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的)and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research sh
9、ows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooper
10、ate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So its worth the rune to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise. Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. Its sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. F
11、ourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to (服从) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish
12、 their own expertise and not assume that its self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when its scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.（分数：7.00）(1).Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.（分数：1.00）A.ARight
13、B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(2).People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(3).Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(4).There is no need for a manager to find out the merits
14、 of his employees.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(5).Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(6).There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWron
15、g C.CNot mentioned(7).Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)(1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段选择 1个最佳标题；(2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定 1个最佳选项。1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their hous
16、e, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨) retain their freshness eight time
17、s longer when kept at 12 than when kept at 26. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for po
18、llination(授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), called respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all livin
19、g things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the soon
20、er the flower dies.4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the
21、cut flower will age more slowly.5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to “drink“ water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances
22、that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂)can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach( at 4% solution)be added to each liter of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.
23、AControl of RespirationBBeauty of Fresh Cut FlowersCRole of RespirationDMost Important Aspect of Flower CareE. Need for Clean WaterF. Ways of Stopping Respiration（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）
24、填空项 1:_Aby keeping its original shape and colorBin the life of cut flowersCto produce carbon dioxideDfor as long as possibleE. by controlling temperatureF. to replace the water and solution every day（分数：4.00）(1).A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Respiration play
25、s a key role 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BElectronic Mai
26、lDuring the past few years, scientists all over the world have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoiding - writing, any kind of writing, but particularly letter writing. Encouraged by electronic mails surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy,
27、 people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence.Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and elect
28、ronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modem and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five million scientists have done so with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known
29、 collectively as the Interact, or net.E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail, and of course, land mail. It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous (异步的). (Writer can type while their colleagues across
30、time zones sleep; their message will be waiting. ) If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication.Jeremy Bernstein, the physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicists umbilical cord (脐带). Later other people, too, have been discovering its connectiv
31、e virtues. Physicists are using it; college students are using it; everybody is using it; and as a sign that it has come of age, the New Yorker has celebrated its liberating presence with a cartoonan appreciative dog seated at a keyboard, saying happily, “On the Internet, nobody knows youre a dog. “
32、（分数：15.00）(1).The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.direct and reliableB.time-saving in deliveryC.money-savingD.available at any time(2).How is Internet or net explained in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Electronic routes used to read home and
33、 international journals.B.Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight.C.Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping.D.Electronic routes connected among millions of users, home and abroad.(3).What does the sentence “If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certain
34、ly accelerating communication“ most probably mean?（分数：3.00）A.The quick speed of discoveries may have ill effects on discoveries.B.Although it dose not speed up correspondence, it helps to make discoveries.C.It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries.D.It shrinks time
35、 for communication and accelerates discoveries.(4).Why is a dog sitting before a computer keyboard in a cartoon published by New Yorkers?（分数：3.00）A.Even dogs are interested in the computer.B.E-mail has become very popular.C.Dogs are liberated from their usual duties.D.E-mail deprives dogs of their o
36、wners love.(5).What will happen to fax, land mail, overnight mail, etc. according to the writer?（分数：3.00）A.Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail.B.They will co-exist with E-mail for a long time.C.Less and less people will use them.D.They will play a supplementary function to E-mail.B第二篇/BA Ta
37、le of Scottish Rural LifeLewis Grassic Gibbons Sunset Song (1932) was voted “the best Scottish novel of all time“ by Scottishs reading public in 2005Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotlands poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film, TV and
38、 radio in recent decades.The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it.Grassic Gibbon gives us the most d
39、etailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mothers suicide and murder of her twin children ) ; and learn about her feelings as she grows into woman. We see her marry, lose her
40、husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man.But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of K
41、inraddies long history, in a language that imitates the places changing patterns of speech and writing.The story itself is amazingly null of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody elses
42、business and nothing is ever forgotten.Sunset. Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I, Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despit
43、e this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular it takes away Chris husband, Evan Tavendale. The war finally kills Evan, but not in the way his widow is told. In fact, the Germans arent responsible for his death, but his own side. He is shot because he is sa
44、id to have run away from a battle.If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead, It is a “Sunset Song“ but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world. Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.注释：1
45、 Lewis Grassic Gibbons Sunset Song (1932) was voted “the best Scottish novel of all time“ by Scottishs reading public in 2005Lewis Grassic Gibbon 日落歌(1932 年在 2005 被苏格兰读书界投票为“历来最佳的小说”。2 Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of
46、 a man. 在一些女读者看来，Chris 这个人物写得非常令人信服，因此难以相信她是由一个男人创作出来的。（分数：15.00）(1).What is Sunset Song mainly about?（分数：3.00）A.The First World War.B.The beauty of the sunset.C.The new European world.D.The lives of rural Scottish farmers.(2).Which statement is NOT true of Chris?（分数：3.00）A.She is the heroine of Sun
47、set Song.B.She had a miserable childhood.C.She is the creation of a man.D.She married only once.(3).What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with?（分数：3.00）A.The climate of Kinraddie.B.The history of Kinraddie.C.The geography of Kinraddie.D.The language spoken in Kinraddie.(4).Who ar
48、e responsible for Evans death, according to Chris?（分数：3.00）A.The Germans.B.The French army.C.The British troops.D.The Russian soldiers.(5).The word “sunset“ occurring in the title of the novel most probably means（分数：3.00）A.the end of the heroines life.B.the end of ones life.C.the end of traditional
49、life.D.the end of the day.B第三篇/BBarbie DollsIn the mid 1940s, the young ambitious duo Ruth and Elliot Handler, owned a company that made wooden pictures frames. It was in 1945 that Ruth and Elliot Handler joined with their close friend Harold Mattson to form a company would be named MATTEL, MATT for Mattson, and EL fo
