1、职称英语综合类 C 级模拟 72 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center. _（分数：1.00）A.get rid ofB.set upC.repairD.paint2.They have been living under the most appalling conditions for two years. _（分数：1.00）A.dreadfulB.badC.unp
2、leasantD.poor3.There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor. _（分数：1.00）A.conflictB.tensionC.gulfD.confrontation4.I“m afraid that your daughter has failed to get through her mid-term exams. _（分数：1.00）A.pass offB.pass awayC.passD.pass out5.Our New York branch is dealing with the matter. _（分数：1
3、.00）A.unityB.invasionC.divisionD.embassy6.He would not give up though he realized that people would not regard him as a lawful king. _（分数：1.00）A.specifyB.signifyC.identifyD.recognize7.The factory is due to be demolished next year. _（分数：1.00）A.pulled downB.rebuiltC.renovatedD.whitewashed8.At midnight
4、, we were aroused by a knock at the door. _（分数：1.00）A.irritateB.awakenedC.arisenD.annoyed9.She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her. _（分数：1.00）A.regularB.specificC.extraordinaryD.rare10.John has always remained loyal to his family and friends. _（分数：1.00）A.friendlyB.faithful
5、C.hostileD.kind11.A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased are realized . _（分数：1.00）A.fulfilledB.acceptedC.adoptedD.received12.I“ll draft a letter for you. _（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.formulateC.reviseD.contribute13.Radios are not permitted in the library. _（分数：1.00）A.placedB.
6、admittedC.allowedD.accepted14.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. _（分数：1.00）A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic15.The whole idea to build a deluxe hotel here sounds insane to me. _（分数：1.00）A.reasonableB.sensibleC.crazyD.unbelievable二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Scotland: A Land
7、 of WisdomIn the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said “We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization.“ That“s not a had advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education. According to the American author Arthur Herman, the Sc
8、ots invented the modern world itself He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most important ideas on which modern life dependseverything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to those people in busin
9、ess, government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world. It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment (启蒙运动), which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800. Before that, philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the
10、thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the proper study of humanity was mankind itself. Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of how people think and feel. And from
11、 that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved for universal benefit. Hume“s enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific methodthe pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resi
12、dent of Edinburgh, Adam Smith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade, he argued, was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets, we all come to benefit each other. Smith“s idea has dominated modem views of economi
13、cs. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and powerful through peace, trade and invention. Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin (构成的基础) our theories of hu
14、man exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation (方向).（分数：7.00）(1).Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).According to Arthur Herman, the Scot
15、s developed many important ideas which modern life depends on. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Philosophers had come to know the importance of studying humanity even before the Scottish Enlightenment took place. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).David Hume was the first philosoph
16、er to study mankind. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Smith“s idea has extensive applications. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Our current theories of human exchange and enquiry have nothing to do with the ideas developed during the Scottish Enlightenment. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wro
17、ngC.Not mentioned(7).Smith died in 1800. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)U.S. Signs Global Tobacco Teaty1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throug
18、hout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary, Tommy Thompson, signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ( FCTC ) this week at the United Nations. The Senate must still approve the treaty before the U.S. can implement its provisions. 2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organi
19、zation and approved by members of the World Health Assembly, including the United States, last year. Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies. 3 For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front
20、 and back of every pack. The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs. It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where th
21、e Constitution prohibits such an outright ban. 4 The impact of the treaty could be huge. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the U.S. alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third
22、of all cancers in the U.S. are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year. 5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. So far,109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.（分数：8
23、.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. What the FCTC Demands B. U.S. Signing of the FCTC C. Opposition to the FCTC D. How the FCTC Came Into Being E. What the FCTC Will Bring About F. Ratification of the FCTC（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Signing the FCT
24、C is only the first step toward 1. A. have ratified it B. approving it C. implement its provisions D. restrict smoking in public places E. caused by tobacco use F. including higher tobacco taxes（分数：1.00）(6).Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to, among other things, 1.（分数：1.00）(7).It is hoped t
25、hat the FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Many more countries have signed the FCTC than those that 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Eating MeatLess or More?Every second in the United States alone, more than 250 animals are slaughtered for food, adding
26、up to more than 8 billion animals each year. Reducing the amount of meat in one“s diet is nutritionally, environmentally, and ethically beneficial. People who eat meat usually have weaker immune systems compared to those of vegetarians. Meat has been directly linked to diabetes, obesity, arthritis,
27、and many other illnesses. Furthermore, meat-eaters are at a higher risk for diseases, including cancer, and they are more likely to die from these diseases. Critics say that a meatless diet does not provide enough nutrients, especially protein and iron. Actually, according to A Teen“s Guide to Going
28、 Vegetarian, by Judy Krizmanic, protein is found in almost every food, and iron appears in many vegetables. Getting enough nutrients in a meat-reduced diet should not be difficult. A 1988 study found that some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. Diets including more fruits and
29、 vegetables will only make people healthier. Some skeptics believe that there will be a shortage of food if animals are not eaten. In fact, the opposite is true. More than 80% of the corn and 95% of the oats grown in the U.S. are fed to livestock. The world“s cattle alone consume enough food to equa
30、l the caloric needs of 8.7 billion people, more than the entire human population. One half of the water used in the Unites States also goes to livestock; 250 gallons of water produces only 1 lb. (镑) of beef. If people eat less meat and more plants, the amount of available food will increase. Many pe
31、ople become vegetarians because they feel that eating animals is unethical. 90% of these animals are raised in confinement. Chickens and other birds have only about half a square foot of space each, and since they are raised so close together, a lot of blade is used to cut off their beaks to prevent
32、 them from pecking each other to death. Likewise, pigs that are repressed will bite each other“s tails, so both their teeth and tails are removed as soon as they are born. Eating animals is hazardous in numerous ways. Even a slight reduction in meat intake is better than nothing at all. Consuming le
33、ss meat is beneficial to the health of animals, the health of people, and to the health of the world.（分数：15.00）(1).Why do some people become vegetarians? _（分数：3.00）A.They feel that eating animals is unethical.B.There are fewer livestock available due to the environmental pollution.C.The consumption
34、of meat will lead to financial problem.D.Being a vegetarian is beneficial to the protection of water.(2).Which of the following statements is true according to the book A Teen“s Guide to Going Vegetarian? _（分数：3.00）A.Some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs.B.A meatless diet do
35、es not provide enough nutrients.C.Protein can be found in almost every food.D.More than 80% of the corn in the U.S. are fed to livestock.(3).Why does the author say reducing the amount of meat in one“s diet is environmentally beneficial? _（分数：3.00）A.People who eat meat usually have weaker immune sys
36、tems compared to those of vegetarians.B.A lot of food and water are consumed in order to raise livestock.C.90% of animals are raised in confinement.D.Raising Animals causes most of the destruction of the nature.(4).What is the attitude the author has toward eating meat? _（分数：3.00）A.Positive.B.Negati
37、ve.C.Indifferent.D.None of the above.(5).Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? _（分数：3.00）A.The Advantage of Eating Less Meat.B.Why People Become Vegetarians?C.Environmental Protection and Meatless Diet.D.Save Chickens, Save Birds.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Generation GapA few years
38、ago, it was fashionable to speak of a generation gap, a division between young people and their elders. Parents complained that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the gener
39、ation gap suddenly appeared? Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many critics argue that it is built into the fabric of our society. One important cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own life styles. In more traditional soci
40、eties, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and approve of, and often to continue the family occupaition. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, most out of the family home
41、at an early age, marry or live or choose occupations different from those of their parents. In our upwardly mobile society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, to make more money, and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, t
42、he ambitions that parents have for their children are another cause of the division between them. Often they discover that they have very little in common with each other. Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditio
43、nal culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become obsolete overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities. No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feat
44、ure of American life for some time to come. Its causes are rooted in the freedoms and opportunities of our society, and in the rapid pace at which society changes.（分数：15.00）(1).The main idea of the first paragraph is that _.（分数：3.00）A.the generation gap suddenly appearedB.the generation gap is a fea
45、ture of American lifeC.how people can bridge the generation gapD.many critics argue over the nature of the generation gap(2).The word “around“ in Paragraph 1 means _.（分数：3.00）A.on all sidesB.in every directionC.nearD.in existence(3).Which one is NOT the cause of the generation gap? _（分数：3.00）A.Young
46、 people like to choose their own life styles.B.American society is changing very fast.C.Parents place high hopes on their children.D.Modem education makes them think differently.(4).In American society, young people often _.（分数：3.00）A.rely on their parents to make a livingB.stay with their parents i
47、n order to get an opportunity for higher educationC.seek the best advice from their parentsD.have very little in common with their parents(5).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? _（分数：3.00）A.Parents should be more tolerable towards their children.B.The young generation
48、 should value the older generation for their wisdom.C.The generation gap is partly created by the older generation.D.The generation gap should be avoidable in American society.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Good Table MannersManners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table.
49、Here are some general rules. Nankin (餐巾) use The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, place your napkin on your lap. Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin, or in half, lengthwise (纵向地), if it is a large dinner napkin. If you need to leave the table during the meal, place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over,
