1、专业八级-204 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)B Introduction to the Sports Studies Department/B This mini-lecture given by the Sports Studies Department on the Universitys Open Day introduces freshmen to the major fields of study at the department. BTwo Purposes of the Lectu
2、re:/B Familiarize listeners with U1 /U. 1. _. Supply some information about the Sports Studies Department BThree Strands to Sports Studies/B Sports psychology Sports psychologists study the U2 /U involved in sports events. 2. _. Sports psychologists have become as important as the U3 /U to a team. 3
3、. _. They encourage athletes to perform better. They help athletes to U4 /U. 4. _. BSports Management/B It is closely related with sports marketing. Sports management; focusing on the U5 /U of sports bodies. 5. _. Sports marketing, studying the market forces behind sport. Peoples attitude towards sp
4、orts has changed. In the past, people viewed sports just as sports. Now, people seek U6 /U in sports. 6. _. U7 /U 7. _. It is sometimes called U8 /U. 8. _. There are two types of research interests: Macro level: focusing on overall influence of sports on U9 /U 9. _. Micro level: studying changes in
5、the U10 /U of human 10. _. body in sports activity.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will he given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five
6、questions. Now listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).According to Mungham, _ is the only newspaper that gives China serious consideration.（分数：1.00）A.The TimesB.The Financial TimesC.The ThamesD.The Independent(2).According to the passage, the British press tends to report _ about China.（分数：1.00）A.cl
7、assic disasterB.great achievementC.common peoples livesD.political news(3).According to the passage, Chinas present achievement cannot be found in Britain press because _.（分数：1.00）A.the public is not very interested in the world outside BritainB.British journalists refuse to report these achievement
8、sC.the British government forbids them to reportD.the British press doesnt think the achievement in China is worthwhile to be reported(4).According to the passage, the major function of BBC is _.（分数：1.00）A.propagandisticB.entertainingC.instructiveD.informative(5).The attitude Geoff Mungham holds tow
9、ards propaganda is _.（分数：1.00）A.sarcasticB.indifferentC.no commentD.optimistic三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：5.00)1.I Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IAccording to the passage, Italy will _.
10、（分数：1.00）A.send 3,000 troops to IraqB.hasten the withdrawal of its troops from IraqC.pull its troops out of Iraq in SeptemberD.draw its troops to safeguard the G-8 summit.2.I Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
11、Now listen to the news./I_ called on both side to refrain from fighting.（分数：1.00）A.Martti AhtisaariB.AcehC.HelsinkiD.Government official3.I Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IWhich grou
12、p Polled in the survey doesnt believe in miracles?（分数：1.00）A.Non-Orthodox Jewish doctors.B.Orthodox Jewish doctors.C.Protestant doctors.D.Buddhist doctors.I Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, yon will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now list
13、en to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1)._ does not belong to Chinas four major operators of basic telecom service.（分数：1.00）A.China TelecomB.China RailcomC.China MobileD.China Unicom(2).By the end of May, how many phone users have been registered in China?（分数：1.00）A.692 million.B.25. 25 billion.C.330 million.D
14、.358 million.四、BPART READING (总题数：4，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BThey sparkle and glitter in the light. No other rocks are so hard. They are very valuable. It might cost thousands and thousands of dollars to buy just one. Most are found in the ground. The largest ore ever discovered is as big as a mans fist. B
15、ut most are tiny.Theyre diamonds!For hundreds of years men have risked their lives searching for diamonds. To many the discovery of this glittering treasure has seemed more important than the discovery of new lands. Fairy stories tell of brave knights who battled fierce dragons and evil wizards to w
16、in kingdom rich with diamonds. In the Tower of Lon- don in England, there is a very special room protected by guards. There, inside a thick glass ease, are jeweled crowns once worn by kings and queens. People from all over the world come to see the shimmering diamonds and other precious stones that
17、shine from behind the glass.Most diamonds seem to flash with a kind of white fire. But there are diamonds that sparkle in other colors, too. Sometimes diamonds are discovered in gravel at the bottom of rivers and streams. (To get these diamonds, the gravel is sucked up through giant hoses that act l
18、ike vacuum cleaners.) Diamonds are found in rivers, on land, and in great stretches of hot desert sand. A few small ones are even found or near meteorites that strike the ground from outer space.But most diamonds are found in rocks deep inside the diamond mines of Africa. The diamonds were made mill
19、ions and millions of years ago when flaming volcanoes melted a mineral called carbon which was a part of these rocks. Gigantic earthquakes shook the rock and pressed them tightly, together. The hot melted carbon in the rock squeezed at the same time-squee2ed so tightly that by the time it cooled, it
20、 had changed into the lovely hard gems called diamonds,To get at these valuable diamond rocks, workers ride in an elevator that goes down and down into the blackness far below the ground. Tunnels connect this deep shaft with the openings-called pipes-inside the ancient volcanoes.When they are first
21、dug from the mines, diamonds dont glitter or sparkle as they do when we see them in tings or other jewelry. They look more like dull bits of glass. A man who knows all about diamonds-a diamond cutter-must cut them just right. Diamonds are so hard that nothing can cut them except the edge of another
22、diamond.Using his diamond-edged tools, the diamond cutter carefully removes tiny pieces so that the diamond will have many sharp edges and smooth surfaces-like little windows. It is because of these shaft edges and smooth surfaces that the diamond reflects light, sparkles and flashes with tiny burst
23、s of color, and seems almost ablaze with fire. Diamond cutters often use diamond saws. The fine powder-diamond dust-that is left after the sawing is done can be used in a kind of sandpaper to polish the sparking gems.Not all diamonds are clear enough or pretty enough or large enough to be made into
24、jewelry. But because they are so hard, they can be used for other things, such as points for drills and needles for record player. These diamonds are called industrial diamonds. Some of them are man made. Carbon is heated until it is hot and then squeezed. If men ever learn how to make it hot enough
25、 and to squeeze it tightly enough, they will probably be able to make big diamonds. Then maybe diamonds will be cheap enough to use as buttons on your shirt or coat! (610)（分数：5.00）(1).The following are the characters of diamonds EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.they sparkle and glitter in the lightB.they are ver
26、y hardC.they are very valuableD.they are tiny(2).Why knights fought bravely to win kingdoms rich with diamonds?（分数：1.00）A.Diamonds are very valuable.B.They want to become the richest manC.They think it is more important to discover diamonds than to discover new lands.D.They are eager for jeweled cro
27、wns.(3).Most diamonds can be found _.（分数：1.00）A.in AfricaB.in gravel at the bottom of rivers and streamsC.in desert sandD.in or near meteorites(4).Diamonds are so hard that only _ can cut it.（分数：1.00）A.a man who knows all about diamondsB.diamond-edged toolsC.a special cutterD.diamond cutter(5).Excep
28、t jewelry, diamonds can be used as _.（分数：1.00）A.crownB.industrial diamondsC.shirtD.coatBTEXT B/BProponents of different jazz styles have always argued that their predecessors, musical style did not include essential characteristics that define jazz as jazz. Thus, 1940s swing was belittled by beboppe
29、rs of the 1950s, who were themselves attacked by free jazzers of the 1960s. The neoboppers of the 1980s and 1990s attacked almost everybody else. The titanic figure of black saxophonist John Coltrane bas complicated the arguments made by proponents of styles from bebop through neobop because in his
30、own musical journey he drew from all those styles. His influence on all types of jazz was immeasurable. At the height of his popularity, Coltrane largely abandoned playing bebop, the style that had brought him fame, to explore the outer reaches of jazz.Coltrane himself probably believed that the onl
31、y essential characteristic of jazz was improvisation, the one constant in his journey from bebop to open-ended improvisations on modal, Indian, and African melodies. On the other hand, this dogged student and prodigious technician-who insisted on spending hours each day practicing scales from theory
32、 books-was never able to jettison completely the influence of bebop, with its fast and elaborate chains of notes and ornaments on melody.Two stylistic characteristics shaped the way Coltrane played the tenor saxophone, and he favored playing fast runs of notes built on a melody and depended on heavy
33、, regularly accented beats. The first led Coltrane to “sheets of sound“ where he raced faster and faster, pile-driving notes into each other to suggest stacked harmonies. The second meant that his sense of rhythm was almost as close to rock as to bebop.Three recordings illustrate Coltranes energizin
34、g explorations. Recording Kind of Blue with Miles Davis, Coltrane found himself outside bop, exploring modal melodies. Here he played surging, lengthy solos built largely around repeated motifs-an organizing principle unlike that of free jazz saxophone player Ornette Coleman, who modulated or altere
35、d melodies in his solos. On Giant Steps, Coltrane debuted as leader, introducing his own compositions. Here the sheets of sound, downbeat accents, repetitions, and great speed are part of each solo, and the variety of the shapes of his phrases is unique. Coltranes searching explorations produced sol
36、id achievement. My Favorite Things was another kind of watershed. Here Coltrane played the soprano saxophone, an instrument seldom used by jazz musicians. Musically, the results were astounding. With the sopranos piping sound, ideas that had sounded dark and brooding acquired a feeling of giddy fant
37、asy.When Coltrane began recording for the Impulse! label, he was still searching. His music became raucous, physical. His influence on rockers was enormous, including Jimi Hendrix, the rock guitarist, who following Coltrane, raised the extended guitar solo using repeated motifs to a kind of rock art
38、 form. (451)（分数：5.00）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.discuss the place of Coltrane in the world of jazz and describe his musical explorationsB.examine the nature of bebop and contrast it with improvisational jazzC.acknowledge the influence of Coltranes music on rock music a
39、nd rock musiciansD.discuss the arguments that divide the proponents of different jazz styles(2).According to the passage, John Coltrane did all of the following during his career EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.improvise on melodies from a number of different culturesB.spend time improving his technical skillsC
40、.experiment with the sounds of various instrumentsD.eliminate the influence of bebop on his own music(3).The author mentions the work of Ornette Coleman in the fourth paragraph in order to _.（分数：1.00）A.expand the discussion by mentioning the work of a saxophone player who played in Coltranes styleB.
41、compare Coltranes solos with the work of another jazz artistC.support the idea that rational organizing principles need to be applied to artistic workD.indicate disagreement with the way Coltrane modulated the motifs in his lengthy solos(4).According to the passage, a major difference between Coltra
42、ne and other jazz musicians was the _.（分数：1.00）A.degree to which Coltranes music encompassed all of jazzB.repetition of motifs that Coltrane used in his solosC.number of his own compositions that Coltrane recordedD.importance Coltrane placed on rhythm in jazz(5).In terms of its tone and form, the pa
43、ssage can best be characterized as _.（分数：1.00）A.dogmatic explanationB.indignant denialC.enthusiastic praiseD.lukewarm reviewBTEXT C/BMany objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, arti
44、sans, designers, inventors, and engineers using non-scientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Wes
45、tern technology, it has been non-verbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings.Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built
46、them. The creative shaping process of a technologists mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness.
47、What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should the valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some dec
48、isions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, bat the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientis
