1、专业英语四级-83及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)Today, Californias public schools are a disaster. 1 by dysfunction and disrepair, they rank at the bottom of the country, just as the U.S. now sits at the bottom of the industrialized world by most 2 of educational achievement. The World Economic Forum 3 the U.S.s
2、 educational system 26th in the world, 4 behind those countries like Germany, Finland, 5 , Demark, Canada and Singapore. In science and math, the U.S. 6 even worse. Weve been talking about Americas education decline for three 7 now, so much 8 we are numbered by the discussion. But the 9 of that cris
3、is are only just becoming fully 10 . As American education 11 , the median wages of the American worker have 12 , and social mobilitythe beating heart of American dreamhas slowed to a standstill. Education is and always has been the fastest way 13 the socioeconomic ladder. And the 14 from a good edu
4、cation remains evident even in this weak recovery. If you 15 high school, you will have a depressed standard of living for the rest of your life. The need for better education for most Americans has 16 been more urgent. While they have been sleeping, the rest of the world 17 its skills. Countries in
5、 Europe and Asia have worked hard to increase their college-graduation 18 , while the U.S.s has flatlined. Other countries have focused on math and science, 19 in America degrees have 20 in fields like sports exercise and leisure studies.（分数：40.00）A.BesettingB.BesetsC.BesetD.BesettedA.meansB.measure
6、sC.partD.wayA.entitlesB.ranksC.groupsD.placesA.wellB.moreC.goodD.soA.HollandsB.NetherlandsC.the HollandD.the NetherlandsA.performsB.behavesC.scoresD.attainsA.timeB.decadesC.timesD.decadeA.so thatB.so asC.as thatD.so likeA.subsequencesB.consequencesC.frequencyD.eloquencesA.valuelessB.improvedC.vagueD
7、.apparentA.has been collapsedB.was collapsingC.has collapsedD.was collapsedA.reinforcedB.eliminatedC.stagnatedD.acceleratedA.upB.belowC.downD.overA.payoffB.bonusC.pensionD.allowanceA.drop intoB.drop out ofC.drop awayD.drop behindA.onceB.everC.seldomD.neverA.has been transferringB.has been maintainin
8、gC.has been discardingD.has been upgradingA.proportionsB.numbersC.ratesD.figuresA.thoughB.sinceC.whileD.howeverA.interestedB.proliferatedC.liedD.indulgedIf there is a buildingsuch as the Eiffel Tower for France and Sydney Opera House for Australia 21 symbolizes a country, then it has to be the Taj M
9、ahal for India. Taj means crown and Mahal means palace. And the story behind the building is just 22 the Taj itself. It has been described as the greatest monument ever built for love. It was 23 by Emperor Shal Jahan in 1653 24 his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. From the time they 25 , they would not be separa
10、ted. She followed him to wars, advised him on 26 of state, and was loved by his people for her good work. 27 she died in 1631 during childbirth, after 28 14 children. The emperor was 29 and had the Taj Mahal built as a 30 of his 31 love. It 32 more than 20 years for the Taj to be built. Workers were
11、 33 , not only from all over India, but from central Asia too. 34 20,000 people worked on the building. In 1657 Shan Jahan 35 , and in 1658 his son, Aurangzeb, took the chance to imprison his father and 36 power. Shal Jahan stayed in prison 37 his death in 1666. It is said he spent the last days of
12、his life 38 into a small piece of glass 39 the reflection of the Taj Mahal, and died 40 the mirror in his hand. He was finally buffed there with the wife he could never forget.（分数：30.00）A.whatB.whichC.whereD.asA.so great asB.as great asC.that great asD.such great asA.set upB.set offC.set downD.set f
13、orthA.in case ofB.in hope ofC.in memory ofD.in name ofA.got been marriedB.got marriedC.been marriedD.be marriedA.eventsB.mattersC.incidentsD.affairsA.ButB.ThenC.AndD.LaterA.creatingB.educatingC.producingD.bearingA.heartbreakingB.heartbrokenC.heartbreakD.heartbreaksA.signalB.gestureC.signD.symbolA.et
14、ernalB.effectualC.previousD.preciousA.costB.spentC.tookD.consumedA.brought inB.brought forthC.brought offD.brought roundA.A number ofB.A group ofC.A quantity ofD.A total ofA.passed awayB.recovered fromC.ran awayD.fell illA.arrestB.seizeC.captureD.graspA.whenB.byC.untilD.afterA.stareB.to stareC.stare
15、sD.staringA.atB.throughC.overD.onA.ofB.fromC.inD.withNo one should be forced to wear a uniform 41 any circumstance. Uniforms are demanding to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a 42 society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no 43 as an individual but only lives to 4
16、4 as a part of a whole. There are 45 who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of 46 with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the 47 himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on 48 and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no
17、 right to continue its existence. Others say that the 49 of making persons wear uniforms, 50 in a school, 51 all envy and competition 52 dress, such that a poor person who cannot 53 good-quality clothing is not to be 54 by a wealthy person who wears expensive quality clothing. Those persons convenie
18、ntly 55 such critical concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. Why would parents 56 hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? Uniforms also hurt the 57
19、 . 58 , billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry, which 59 would have a ripple 60 on such industries as advertising and promotion.（分数：30.00）A.forB.underC.onD.atA.democraticB.capitalisticC.bureaucraticD.aristocraticA.pric
20、eB.valueC.rightD.meritA.workB.serveC.functionD.performA.theseB.thisC.thoseD.thatA.assimilationB.recognitionC.classificationD.identificationA.particularB.personalC.individualD.specificA.clothB.clothingC.clothesD.clotheA.behaviorB.practiceC.customD.useA.utterB.tellC.sayD.claimA.eliminateB.eliminatingC
21、.eliminatedD.eliminatesA.in the event ofB.in the matter ofC.in the light ofD.in the face ofA.buyB.purchaseC.tradeD.affordA.maximizedB.minimizedC.exaggeratedD.belittledA.neglectB.ignoreC.forgetD.overlookA.bother to workB.go to the bother to workC.bother to workingD.go to the bother of workA.industryB
22、.industriesC.economicsD.economyA.Just nowB.Right nowC.From now onD.From then onA.in factB.in needC.in turnD.in sequenceA.effectB.affectC.affectionD.result专业英语四级-83答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)Today, Californias public schools are a disaster. 1 by dysfunction and disrepair, they rank at the bottom of th
23、e country, just as the U.S. now sits at the bottom of the industrialized world by most 2 of educational achievement. The World Economic Forum 3 the U.S.s educational system 26th in the world, 4 behind those countries like Germany, Finland, 5 , Demark, Canada and Singapore. In science and math, the U
24、.S. 6 even worse. Weve been talking about Americas education decline for three 7 now, so much 8 we are numbered by the discussion. But the 9 of that crisis are only just becoming fully 10 . As American education 11 , the median wages of the American worker have 12 , and social mobilitythe beating he
25、art of American dreamhas slowed to a standstill. Education is and always has been the fastest way 13 the socioeconomic ladder. And the 14 from a good education remains evident even in this weak recovery. If you 15 high school, you will have a depressed standard of living for the rest of your life. T
26、he need for better education for most Americans has 16 been more urgent. While they have been sleeping, the rest of the world 17 its skills. Countries in Europe and Asia have worked hard to increase their college-graduation 18 , while the U.S.s has flatlined. Other countries have focused on math and
27、 science, 19 in America degrees have 20 in fields like sports exercise and leisure studies.（分数：40.00）A.BesettingB.BesetsC.BesetD.Besetted解析：解析 语法辨析题。beset为过去分词作状语，根据上下文意思“加利福尼亚的公立学校受到设施不健全和破坏的困扰，排在了全国学校的末位”，beset与主语they是被动关系，故用过去分词，beset的过去式、过去分词均为其原形。A.meansB.measuresC.partD.way解析：解析 语义衔接题。measure此
28、处表示评估，指出上文的结论是根据大部分教育成就的评估得出的；by means of：用方法；by way of：经由；C为干扰项。A.entitlesB.ranksC.groupsD.places解析：解析 动词辨析题。rank排列，分类，分等级；entitle给权利；给题名；group作动词常与with搭配，表示“分组，分类”；place作动词表示“放置，排列”。该句意为世界经济论坛将美国的教育系统列为第二十六名，此处含有分等级的意思，故答案选B。A.wellB.moreC.goodD.so解析：解析 词意搭配题。well behind表示“远远落后于”，此处副词well修饰介词behind
29、意为“很，大大地，远远地”，其它选项搭配不当。A.HollandsB.NetherlandsC.the HollandD.the Netherlands解析：解析 名词表达题。荷兰的正确用词应为“the Netherland/Netherlands”或“Holland”。A.performsB.behavesC.scoresD.attains解析：解析 语义衔接题。上文提到的“通过教育成就评估”及“列为第二十六名”都与分数名次有关，因此可推出这里指美国在科学和数学领域得分更差。score：得分；perform：表现，表演；behave：表现，使守规矩；attain：达到，获得；C选项符合上文意
30、思。A.timeB.decadesC.timesD.decade解析：解析 名词辨析题。decade表示“十，十年”，是可数名词，由于前面有明确的数字three，所以decade用复数；time表时间；times表次数，根据下文的so much可推知有关美国教育衰退的讨论不止三次。A.so thatB.so asC.as thatD.so like解析：解析 逻辑关系题。so that.表示“以至于”，引导结果状语，此句意为“我们讨论得太多以至于我们是按讨论的次数编号的”，其他选项搭配都不正确。A.subsequencesB.consequencesC.frequencyD.eloquence
31、s解析：解析 名词辨析题。consequence：结局，结果；subsequence：后来，随后；frequency：频率；发生次数；eloquence：雄辩，口才。根据上下文，此处缺少的意思应为“危机的后果”。A.valuelessB.improvedC.vagueD.apparent解析：解析 形容词辨析题。apparent：明显的；valueless：没有价值的；improved：提高的；vague含糊的。由下文具体内容可看出，美国教育下滑的后果变得十分明显，如：工资问题等。A.has been collapsedB.was collapsingC.has collapsedD.was
32、collapsed解析：解析 语法辨析题。根据主句的时态可知此处亦用现在完成时，且“美国教育”与“失败”间为主动关系，故选has collapsed。A.reinforcedB.eliminatedC.stagnatedD.accelerated解析：解析 语义衔接题。根据上文中提到“美国教育失败”可知，由此会引起负面结果，这里谈到的是美国工人的平均工资停滞不前。reinforce和accelerate分别表示“加强”和“加速”，与文章意思相反；eliminate表示“除去”，不合文意；stagnate表示“停滞，不景气”，所以选C。A.upB.belowC.downD.over解析：解析 介
33、词搭配题。此题为介词up与名词ladder搭配，表示“上阶梯”，句子意思为“教育现在是并且一直是登上社会经济阶梯最快速的方法”。A.payoffB.bonusC.pensionD.allowance解析：解析 名词辨析题。payoff：报酬；bonus：奖金；pension：退休金；allowance：津贴；这里指“良好教育带来的回报”。A.drop intoB.drop out ofC.drop awayD.drop behind解析：解析 动词词组辨析题。drop out of：退出，辍学，退学；drop into：顺便访问；drop away：减弱，减少；drop behind：后退，落
34、后。A.onceB.everC.seldomD.never解析：解析 语义衔接题。此句的意思为“大部分美国人对更好教育的需求从来都没那么迫切过”，故选never表示“从不”。A.has been transferringB.has been maintainingC.has been discardingD.has been upgrading解析：解析 动词辨析题。upgrade：提升；transfer：迁移，移动；maintain：维持；discard：丢弃，抛弃，根据上下文，D选项符合文意。A.proportionsB.numbersC.ratesD.figures解析：解析 名词搭配题
35、。college-graduation rates表示“大学毕业率”，常搭配使用；proportion为“比例”。A.thoughB.sinceC.whileD.however解析：解析 逻辑关系题。while在这里表示转折，意为“然而”，“其他国家致力于数学和科学，而在美国”；虽然however也可表示转折，但用于句中时前后需用逗号隔开。A.interestedB.proliferatedC.liedD.indulged解析：解析 动词辨析题。proliferated意为“激增，增生”，在这里表示“美国在体育训练和娱乐研究方面的学位激增”。A，C，D三个选项虽能与介词in构成词组，但与文意不
36、符。If there is a buildingsuch as the Eiffel Tower for France and Sydney Opera House for Australia 21 symbolizes a country, then it has to be the Taj Mahal for India. Taj means crown and Mahal means palace. And the story behind the building is just 22 the Taj itself. It has been described as the great
37、est monument ever built for love. It was 23 by Emperor Shal Jahan in 1653 24 his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. From the time they 25 , they would not be separated. She followed him to wars, advised him on 26 of state, and was loved by his people for her good work. 27 she died in 1631 during childbirth, after
38、28 14 children. The emperor was 29 and had the Taj Mahal built as a 30 of his 31 love. It 32 more than 20 years for the Taj to be built. Workers were 33 , not only from all over India, but from central Asia too. 34 20,000 people worked on the building. In 1657 Shan Jahan 35 , and in 1658 his son, Au
39、rangzeb, took the chance to imprison his father and 36 power. Shal Jahan stayed in prison 37 his death in 1666. It is said he spent the last days of his life 38 into a small piece of glass 39 the reflection of the Taj Mahal, and died 40 the mirror in his hand. He was finally buffed there with the wi
40、fe he could never forget.（分数：30.00）A.whatB.whichC.whereD.as解析：解析 语法辨析题。此处考查的是定语从句，由于先行词是building，故选which作从句的主语。A.so great asB.as great asC.that great asD.such great as解析：解析 语法辨析题。此处考查as+adj.+as结构表示“和一样”，表示建筑背后的故事与泰姬陵本身一样伟大。“so+adj.+as”有相同的意思，但只用于否定句。A.set upB.set offC.set downD.set forth解析：解析 动词词组辨析
41、题。set up：建起，设立；set off：出发，使爆炸激起；set down：写下，记下；set forth：出发，动身。A.in case ofB.in hope ofC.in memory ofD.in name of解析：解析 语义衔接题。“它是国王沙贾汗为了纪念他的妻子而建的”，in memory of：表示纪念；in case of：表示假设，万一；选项B，D都不正确，正确表达应为in the hope of表示抱着的希望；in the name of：表示在名下。A.got been marriedB.got marriedC.been marriedD.be married解
42、析：解析 语法辨析题。“结婚”可用get/be married，其中get和be都为联系动词，因为此处需用过去时态，所以只能选B。A.eventsB.mattersC.incidentsD.affairs解析：解析 名词辨析题。affair表示“公共事务，政治事务”；event表示“发生的事情”，尤指重要事情，大事；matter表示“事情，问题，毛病，麻烦”；incident表示“事件，事变”，用于表示突发事件或偶发事件。A.ButB.ThenC.AndD.Later解析：解析 逻辑关系题。根据上下文逻辑，这里应为意思上的转折。王后跟随国王南征北战，为国王出谋划策，她以她的善举深受人民的爱戴，
43、但在1631年生产的时候去世了。A.creatingB.educatingC.producingD.bearing解析：解析 动词辨析题。bear a child生孩子；create表示“创造，产生”；educate表示“教育”；produce表示“生产，制造”。A.heartbreakingB.heartbrokenC.heartbreakD.heartbreaks解析：解析 形容词辨析题。形容人的主观感受“悲伤的，伤心的”时用heartbroken；修饰客观事物的属性时用heartbreaking，这里的主语是emperor为人，所以用heartbroken；heartbreak为名词。A
44、.signalB.gestureC.signD.symbol解析：解析 名词辨析题。“泰姬陵的建造象征着他对王后”symbol指“作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物”；signal指“为某一目的而有意发出的信号”；gesture指“手势，姿势”；sign指“人们公认事物的记号”，也可指某种情况的征兆。A.eternalB.effectualC.previousD.precious解析：解析 语义衔接题。根据上下文可知，国王对王后的感情深厚，至死不渝，泰姬陵的建造象征着他对王后永恒的爱。eternal：永恒的；effectual：有效的；previous：先前的；precious：宝贵的。A.c
45、ostB.spentC.tookD.consumed解析：解析 动词辨析题。表示花时间做某事时，it与动词take搭配；sth.与动词cost搭配；sb.与动词spend搭配；consume表示“消耗，消费”。A.brought inB.brought forthC.brought offD.brought round解析：解析 动词词组辨析题。此处表达的是“不仅从全印度还从亚洲中部请工人参与建造”，bring in表示“请做，让参与”；bring forth表示“生产，产出”；bring off表示“完成，做完(艰难地工作)”；bring round表示“使苏醒”；故选A。A.A number ofB.A group ofC.A quantity ofD.A total of解析：解析 语义衔接题。根据上文“参与建造姬陵的工人有来自印度
