1、专业英语四级语法与词汇-18及答案解析 (总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax _. A. income B. revenues C. privileges D, salary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.I wish to go home with you, _? A. may I B. s
2、hall I C. would I D. can I（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Most importantly, such an experience helps _ a heightened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of ones own culture as well. A. coach B. forsake C. foster D. censor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The student is shy and he _ question
3、s in class. A. dares not ask B. does not dare to ask C. dares not to ask D. does not dare ask（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The policemen went into action _ they heard the alarm. A. promptly B. presently C. quickly D. directly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for pre
4、venting them _ taken in the past. A. was not B. were not C. were not being D. being not（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Not until three years ago _ to work outside. A. he began B. he begins C. began he D. did he begin（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.There are many kinds of metals, _ its special properties. A. each having B. ev
5、ery having C. each has D. one has（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Of course, talking about something which affects their personality is _ motivating for students. A. chiefly B. correctly C. currently D. eminently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10._ he does his work, I dont mind what time he arrives at the office. A. So far as B
6、. So long as C. In case D. Meanwhile（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.As a matter of fact, Saudi Arabias oil reserves _ those of Kuwait. A. come second following B. come second with C. are only second to D. are second only to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The mother almost _ when she learned that her son was shot dead. A. f
7、ell down B. came down C. fell apart D. went to pieces（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.When I heard footsteps behind me I was _ of being attacked. A. horrified B. horrible C. terrific D. terrified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.We are convinced _ the righteousness of our cause. A. of B. on C. over D. at（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Id
8、 just as soon you _ those important papers with you. A. dont take B. didnt take C. hadnt taken D. were not taking（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.He is the best investment adviser and _ can tell you which shares you should buy. A. as such B. as to C. so as to D. such as to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The physicists propo
9、se that our attention _ the use of special methods of thinking and acting. A. would be directed towards B. should be directed towards C. is directed towards D. directs towards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.It is suggested that the old lady _ while she is sleeping. A. is not to be disturbed B. has not disturbed
10、 C. is not disturbed D. not be disturbed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Animal mothers are devoted to their young and _ them with love and discipline. A. mind B. watch C. help D. tend（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.Mr. Johnson had one eye injured in an accident, but after a _ operation, he quickly recovered his sight. A. p
11、recise B. delicate C. sensitive D. considerate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.The government _ to approve the use of wide-spead surveillance when the Justice Department took objections. A. is going B. had been C. was about D. is coming（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.To make this _ clear we shall have to look closely into b
12、iologys long history. A. distinction B. indication C. recognition D. constitution（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.She often says her greatest happiness _ serving the handicapped children. A. relies on B. consists in C. composes of D. comprises in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24._ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat
13、 with him. A. Seeing B. Saw C. Seen D. To see（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Mr. and Mrs. Smith are so excited today, for they bought _ yesterday. A. many furnitures B. many furniture C. many piece of furniture D. a lot of furniture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of his trous
14、ers _. A. mined B. cracked C. broke D. split（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Another natural _ that contributes to the welfare of the country is water. A. source B. mineral C. power D. resource（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is _ with a cold. A. laid out B. laid up
15、C. laid by D. laid down（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.The students in the dormitories were forbidden, unless they had special pass, _ after 11 pm. A. staying out B. stay out C. from staying out D. to stay out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The newly-built municipal museum seems _ enough to last a hundred years. A. steady
16、B. substantial C. sophisticated D. spacious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级语法与词汇-18答案解析 (总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax _. A. income B. revenues C. privileges D, salary（分数：
17、1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。revenue意为“税收，收入”，tax revenue为惯用搭配，指政府的“税收”。income意为“收入，所得”，可指挣来的收入，也可指非挣来的收入(如存款利息)；privilege意为“特权”；salary意为“工资”，多指脑力劳动者按月发放的薪水。2.I wish to go home with you, _? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查反意疑问句。此处反意疑问句应用表示“能不能够”的情态动词，B、C两项无此意，可排除；can表示
18、客观上的能力，如用D项，则表示“我有没有能力和你一起回家”，不符合句意。而may表示“主观上有无可能性”，符合句意，故正确答案为A。3.Most importantly, such an experience helps _ a heightened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of ones own culture as well. A. coach B. forsake C. foster D. censor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。
19、coach意为“训练，指导”；forsake意为“遗弃，抛弃”；foster意为“培养，促进，助长”；censor意为“审查，检查”。根据句意可知，只有选项C最为合适。4.The student is shy and he _ questions in class. A. dares not ask B. does not dare to ask C. dares not to ask D. does not dare ask（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查dare的用法。dare和need一样，既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词。无论用作哪种动词，其意义都差不多，只要按照该
20、类动词特定的用法使用就行。若作情态动词的话，则应该用原形形式，故排除A和C。此处dare为实义动词，dare to do sth表示“敢做某事”，“不敢做某事”就是do not dare to，故本题应该选B。5.The policemen went into action _ they heard the alarm. A. promptly B. presently C. quickly D. directly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查词义辨析。promptly意为“迅速地，立即地”；presently意为“目前”；quickly意为“迅速地，很快地”；direct
21、ly意为“一就”，可用作连词后接句子，相当于as soon as，其他三项均无此用法，故答案选D。6.Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them _ taken in the past. A. was not B. were not C. were not being D. being not（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查被动语态和主谓一致。被动语态的时态、数、性的一致，主要由助动词来体现，要注意助动词须与主语保持一致。此处从句的主语measures是复数，因
22、此排除选项A。另此处缺少原因状语从句中的谓语部分，故排除不能作谓语的选项D。此题中，没有采取措施是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时，故选项B正确。7.Not until three years ago _ to work outside. A. he began B. he begins C. began he D. did he begin（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查倒装结构。以not until开头的句子应该用部分倒装，因此应该将助动词did提前。故本题正确答案是D。8.There are many kinds of metals, _ its special pro
23、perties. A. each having B. every having C. each has D. one has（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查独立主格结构。在本题中，后半句作整个句子的状语，如果存在谓语动词的话，则本句中出现了两个谓语动词，则需要用and连接，故排除有谓语成分的选项C和D。又因此处应用现在分词表示主语所拥有的特性；each专指个体，是名词；every指全体，且多作形容词，因此B项也应排除，故正确答案为A。9.Of course, talking about something which affects their personality is
24、_ motivating for students. A. chiefly B. correctly C. currently D. eminently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查副词词义辨析。chiefly意为“主要地；大部分地”；correctly意为“正确地”；currently意为“现时，当前”；eminently意为“突出地；明显地”。根据句意可知，正确答案为D。10._ he does his work, I dont mind what time he arrives at the office. A. So far as B. So long as C.
25、In case D. Meanwhile（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查词组辨析。此处考查的是引导条件状语从句的词组。so far as表示“就说；在范围内”；so long as表示“只要”；in case表示“假使”；meanwhile表示“与此同时”。根据句意可知，只有so long as最为合适，因此B为正确答案。11.As a matter of fact, Saudi Arabias oil reserves _ those of Kuwait. A. come second following B. come second with C. are only se
26、cond to D. are second only to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查序数词的用法。此处序数词作表语，其中be second only to意为“仅次于”。因此D为正确选项。12.The mother almost _ when she learned that her son was shot dead. A. fell down B. came down C. fell apart D. went to pieces（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查词组词义辨析。fall down意为“跌倒，倒下”；come down意为“降下，跌落”
27、；fall apart意为“破裂，破碎”；go to pieces意为“身心崩溃；沮丧至极”，故本题应该选D。13.When I heard footsteps behind me I was _ of being attacked. A. horrified B. horrible C. terrific D. terrified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。horrify意为“使震惊；使生反感”；horrible意为“令人恐惧的，可怕的；骇人听闻的”；terrific意为“棒极的，了不起的”；terrify意为“使害怕”，be terrified of意为
28、“对感到惊惧”。根据句意可知，本题应该选D。14.We are convinced _ the righteousness of our cause. A. of B. on C. over D. at（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查固定搭配、be convinced of为固定搭配，意思是“坚信”，所以正确答案是A。15.Id just as soon you _ those important papers with you. A. dont take B. didnt take C. hadnt taken D. were not taking（分数：1.00）A.B.
29、C.D.解析：考点 考查虚拟语气。Id just as soon的意思是“宁愿”，后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。此处是对现在事实的虚拟，故用一般过去时。所以本题只能选择B。16.He is the best investment adviser and _ can tell you which shares you should buy. A. as such B. as to C. so as to D. such as to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查固定用法。as such在此句中意为“像这样的；就这点而论；作为(这样)”。such相当于不定代词one，但由于这里是
30、用在介词as之后，因此必须用such。由此可知正确答案为A。17.The physicists propose that our attention _ the use of special methods of thinking and acting. A. would be directed towards B. should be directed towards C. is directed towards D. directs towards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查虚拟语气。由propose，suggest等词引导的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，也就是要用“sho
31、uld+动词原形”结构，should可以省略。所以此处选B。18.It is suggested that the old lady _ while she is sleeping. A. is not to be disturbed B. has not disturbed C. is not disturbed D. not be disturbed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查虚拟语气。suggest在这里作“建议”讲，所以之后的从句要用虚拟语气，即should not do sth结构，其中should可以省略。由此可知D为正确答案。19.Animal mother
32、s are devoted to their young and _ them with love and discipline. A. mind B. watch C. help D. tend（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。mind表示“关心；照看”时，指的是“当其父母不在时照顾孩子”；watch意为“监视”；help意为“帮助”；只有tend表示“照顾，照看”时，指出于责任心、博爱心而不是私人感情去对人或物进行照顾。因此，正确答案为D。20.Mr. Johnson had one eye injured in an accident, but after
33、a _ operation, he quickly recovered his sight. A. precise B. delicate C. sensitive D. considerate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。delicate意为“微细的，微小的”，符合本题题意。而precise意为“精密的，精确的”；considerate意为“考虑周到的，体贴的”；sensitive意为“敏感的，灵敏的”，均不合句意。因此B为正确选项。21.The government _ to approve the use of wide-spead surveilla
34、nce when the Justice Department took objections. A. is going B. had been C. was about D. is coming（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查时态。题干中的took表明这件事发生在过去，故应该用过去时；be about+不定式表示“将要做某事；计划做某事”，因此C为正确选项。22.To make this _ clear we shall have to look closely into biologys long history. A. distinction B. indication
35、 C. recognition D. constitution（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。distinction意为“区别；差异”；indication意为“标示；迹象”；recognition意为“(正式的)承认；认可；认知”；constitution意为“宪法，体制；构造，构成”。根据句意可知选项A为正确答案。23.She often says her greatest happiness _ serving the handicapped children. A. relies on B. consists in C. composes of D. c
36、omprises in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查动词搭配辨析。rely on意为“依靠，依赖”；consist in意为“在于，存在于”；be composed of意为“由构成”；comprise意为“由组成；构成”。根据句意可知，此处应该选B。24._ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat with him. A. Seeing B. Saw C. Seen D. To see（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查分词作状语。分词作状语可表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况等。现在分词作状语时，主句的主语是
37、该分词的逻辑主语；过去分词作状语时，表示被动，主句的主语是该分词的逻辑宾语。本句中“看”这个动作是由主语he发出，因此应用现在分词。故正确答案是A。25.Mr. and Mrs. Smith are so excited today, for they bought _ yesterday. A. many furnitures B. many furniture C. many piece of furniture D. a lot of furniture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查不可数名词。furniture为不可数名词，要表示“许多家具”时，应该用many pi
38、eces of furniture或a lot of furniture表达，因此D为正确选项。26.When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of his trousers _. A. mined B. cracked C. broke D. split（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。ruin意为“摧毁”；crack意为“裂开；破裂”；break意为“破碎，打破”；split意为“裂开，劈开”。本句中的“腰带”应是“裂开”，因此选项D符合句意。27.Another natural _ that contri
39、butes to the welfare of the country is water. A. source B. mineral C. power D. resource（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。source意为“来源，根源”；mineral意为“矿物，无机物”；power意为“力量，势力”；resource意为“资源”，natural resource是惯用搭配，表示“自然资源”。根据句意可知，本题应该选D。28.Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is _ with
40、a cold. A. laid out B. laid up C. laid by D. laid down（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查词组词义辨析。lay out意为“摆出，展开”；lay up意为“因病痛(或伤残)卧床”，常用于被动语态；lay by意为“储存”；lay down意为“制定，规定；放下；贮藏”。根据句意可知，选项B正确。29.The students in the dormitories were forbidden, unless they had special pass, _ after 11 pm. A. staying out B. stay
41、 out C. from staying out D. to stay out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查非谓语结构。unless they had special pass在句中作插入语。不定式可作宾语补足语，且当句子用被动语态时，宾语补足语即变成主语补足语。因此D为正确选项。30.The newly-built municipal museum seems _ enough to last a hundred years. A. steady B. substantial C. sophisticated D. spacious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。steady意为“稳定的，牢靠的”；substantial意为“牢固的，坚实的”，常指建筑物；sophisticated意为“复杂的，精密的，错综的”；spacious意为“广阔的，宽敞的”。由此可知B为正确答案。
