1、Designation: D2161 17Standard Practice forConversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt UniversalViscosity or to Saybolt Furol Viscosity1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This pr
3、actice2covers the conversion tables and equa-tions for converting kinematic viscosity in mm2/s at anytemperature to Saybolt Universal viscosity in Saybolt Univer-sal seconds (SUS) at the same temperature and for convertingkinematic viscosity in mm2/s at 122 F and 210 F (50 C and98.9 C) to Saybolt Fu
4、rol viscosity in Saybolt Furol seconds(SFS) at the same temperatures. Kinematic viscosity values arebased on water being 1.0034 mm2/s (cSt) at 68 F (20 C).NOTE 1Afundamental and preferred method for measuring kinematicviscosity is by use of kinematic viscometers as outlined in Test MethodD445. Kinem
5、atic viscosity results from Test Method D7042 may be usedprovided they are bias-corrected by the application of the correctiondescribed in Test Method D7042 for the specific sample type. In case ofdispute, Test Method D445 shall be the referee method. It is recommendedthat kinematic viscosity be rep
6、orted in millimetres squared per second,instead of Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) or Saybolt Furol Seconds(SFS). This method is being retained for the purpose of calculation ofkinematic viscosities from SUS and SFS data that appear in past literature.One millimetre squared per second (mm2/s) equals
7、 one centistoke (cSt),which is another unit commonly found in older literature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forreference information purposes only. The SI unit of kinematicviscosity is mm2/s.1.2.1 ExceptionFahrenhei
8、t temperature units are used inthis practice because they are accepted by industry for the typeof legacy conversions described in this practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standa
9、rd to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for t
10、heDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Vis
11、cos-ity)D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-matic Viscosity at 40 C and 100 CD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)2.2 ASTM Adjunct:4ADJD2161 Viscosity Extrapolation Tables to Zero Degrees
12、Fahrenheit (SSU)3. Summary of Practice3.1 The Saybolt Universal viscosity equivalent to a givenkinematic viscosity varies with the temperature at which thedetermination is made. The basic conversion values are thosegiven in Table 1 for 100 F. The Saybolt Universal viscosityequivalent to a given kine
13、matic viscosity at any temperaturemay be calculated as described in 4.3. Equivalent values at210 F are given in Table 1 for convenience.3.2 The Saybolt Furol viscosity equivalents are tabulated inTable 3 for temperatures of 122 F and 210 F only.3.3 Examples for using the tables are given in Appendix
14、 X1.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1963, replacing former D
15、446 and D666. Last previous edition approved in 2016as D2161 10 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D2161-17.2This practice, together with Practice D2270, replaces Compilation of ASTMViscosity Tables for Kinematic Viscosity Conversions.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact
16、 ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD2161. Original adjunct produced in 1998.*A Summary of Changes section
17、appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Pri
18、nciples for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.121 4. Significance and Use4.1 At one time the petroleum industry relied on measuringkinematic viscosity by means of the Saybolt viscom
19、eter, andexpressing kinematic viscosity in units of Saybolt UniversalSeconds (SUS) and Saybolt Furol Seconds (SFS). This practiceis now obsolete in the petroleum industry.4.2 This practice establishes the official equations relatingSUS and SFS to the SI kinematic viscosity units, mm2/s.4.3 This prac
20、tice allows for the conversion between SUSand SFS units and SI units of kinematic viscosity.5. Procedure for Conversion to Saybolt UniversalViscosity5.1 Convert kinematic viscosities between 1.81 mm2/s and500 mm2/s (cSt) at 100 F, and between 1.77 mm2/s and139.8 mm2/s (cSt) at 210 F, to equivalent S
21、aybolt Universalseconds directly from Table 1 (see Appendix X1, Example 1).NOTE 2Obtain viscosities not listed, but which are within the rangegiven in Table 1, by linear interpolation (see Appendix X1, Example 2).5.2 Convert kinematic viscosities greater than the upperlimits of Table 1 at temperatur
22、es of 100 F and 210 F toSaybolt Universal viscosities as follows (see Appendix X1,Example 3):Saybolt Universal seconds 5 centistokes 3B (1)where B = 4.632 at 100 F or 4.664 at 210 F.5.3 At temperatures other than 100 F or 210 F, convertkinematic viscosities to Saybolt Universal viscosities as fol-lo
23、ws4(see Appendix X1, Example 4):Ut5 U100F110.000061t 2 100! (2)where:Ut= Saybolt Universal viscosity at tF, andU100F= Saybolt Universal viscosity at 100F in SayboltUniversal seconds equivalent to kinematic viscos-ity in centistokes at tF, from Table 1.NOTE 3The multipliers for Saybolt Universal seco
24、nds in Eq 2 aregiven as Factor A in Table 2 for a range of temperatures.5.4 Since the relationship between Saybolt and kinematicviscosities is linear above 75 mm2/s (cSt), kinematic viscositiesabove this limit may be converted to Saybolt Universalviscosities at any temperature between 0 F and 350 F
25、by useof Eq 1 (4.2), selecting the proper factor for B from Table 2(see Appendix X1, Example 5).6. Procedure for Conversion to Saybolt Furol Viscosity6.1 Convert kinematic viscosities between 48 mm2/s to1300 mm2/s (cSt) at 122 F, and between 50 mm2/s and1300 mm2/s (cSt) at 210 F, to equivalent Saybo
26、lt Furol sec-onds directly from Table 3 (see Appendix X1, Examples 6 and7).NOTE 4Viscosities not listed, but which are within the range given inTable 3, may be obtained by linear interpolation (see Appendix X1,Example 8).6.2 Convert kinematic viscosities above 1300 cSt to equiva-lent Saybolt Furol s
27、econds by use of the following equations(see Appendix X1, Example 9):Saybolt Furol seconds at 122F (3)5 0.4717 3mm2/s cSt! at 122FSaybolt Furol seconds at 210F (4)5 0.4792 3mm2/s cSt! at 210F7. Procedure for Computer Calculation7.1 Table 1 and Table 3 were computed by fitting a smoothcurve to the or
28、iginal experimental data points. The derivedequations are given as follows for the convenience of thosewho wish to use a computer for conversion rather than refer tothe tables:U100F5 4.632411.010.03264v3930.21262.7123.97211.6463! 31025(5)Ut5 1.010.000061t 2 100!# (6)F4.632411.010.032643930.21262.712
29、3.97211.6463! 31025GF122F5 0.47171F1392422 72.5916816!G(7)F210F5 0.47921F5610v212130!G(8)where: = kinematic viscosity, mm2/s (cSt) at tF,F122F= Saybolt Furol viscosity at 122 F in Saybolt Furolseconds equivalent to kinematic viscosity, mm2/s(cSt) at 122 F, andF210F= Saybolt Furol viscosity at 210 F
30、in Saybolt Furolseconds equivalent to kinematic viscosity, mm2/s(cSt) at 210 F.7.2 Eq 5 and Eq 6 and Table 1 are limited to values ofSaybolt Universal of 32.0 s and above.7.3 Eq 7 and Eq 8 and Table 3 are limited to values ofSaybolt Furol of 25.1 s and above.8. Supplementary Conversion Equivalents8.
31、1 The following units and equivalents are frequently usedin connection with viscosity conversions:poise = cgs unit of absolute viscosity.centipoise = 0.01 poise.stokes = cgs unit of kinematic viscosity.centistokes = 0.01 stokes.centipoise = centistokes density (at temperature underconsideration).9.
32、Report9.1 Saybolt Universal and Saybolt Furol viscosities shouldbe reported to the nearest 0.1 s for values below 200 s and tothe nearest whole second for values of 200 s and higher.10. Keywords10.1 kinematic viscosity; Saybolt furol; Saybolt universalD2161 17221 TABLE 1 Kinematic Viscosity to Saybo
33、lt Universal Viscosity1.77 mm2/s to 500.0 mm2/s (cSt)Kin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSAt 100 F At
34、 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F2.25 33.5 33.7 2.75 35.1 35.4 3.25 36.8 37.02.26 33.5 33.7 2.76 35.2 35.4 3.26 36.8 37.01.77 . . 32.0 2.27 33.5 33.7 2.77 35.2 35.4 3.27 36.8 37.11.78 . . 32.1 2.28 33.6 33.8 2.78 35.2 35.5 3.28 36.9 37.11.79 . . 32.1 2.29 33.6 33.8 2.79 35
35、.3 35.5 3.29 36.9 37.11.80 . . 32.1 2.30 33.6 33.8 2.80 35.3 35.5 3.30 36.9 37.21.81 32.0 32.2 2.31 33.7 33.9 2.81 35.3 35.6 3.31 37.0 37.21.82 32.0 32.2 2.32 33.7 33.9 2.81 35.4 35.6 3.32 37.0 37.21.83 32.0 32.2 2.33 33.7 33.9 2.83 35.4 35.6 3.33 37.0 37.31.84 32.1 32.3 2.34 33.8 34.0 2.84 35.4 35.
36、7 3.34 37.1 37.31.85 32.1 32.3 2.35 33.8 34.0 2.85 35.5 35.7 3.35 37.1 37.31.86 32.1 32.3 2.36 33.8 34.0 2.86 35.5 35.7 3.36 37.1 37.41.87 32.2 32.4 2.37 33.9 34.1 2.87 35.5 35.8 3.37 37.2 37.41.88 32.2 32.4 2.38 33.9 34.1 2.88 35.6 35.8 3.38 37.2 37.41.89 32.2 32.4 2.39 33.9 34.2 2.89 35.6 35.8 3.3
37、9 37.2 37.51.90 32.3 32.5 2.40 34.0 34.2 2.90 35.6 35.9 3.40 37.3 37.51.91 32.3 32.5 2.41 34.0 34.2 2.91 35.7 35.9 3.41 37.3 37.51.92 32.3 32.5 2.42 34.0 34.3 2.92 35.7 35.9 3.42 37.3 37.61.93 32.4 32.6 2.43 34.1 34.3 2.93 35.7 36.0 3.43 37.4 37.61.94 32.4 32.6 2.44 34.1 34.3 2.94 35.8 36.0 3.44 37.
38、4 37.61.95 32.4 32.6 2.45 34.1 34.4 2.95 35.8 36.0 3.45 37.4 37.71.96 32.5 32.7 2.46 34.2 34.4 2.96 35.8 36.1 3.46 37.5 37.71.97 32.5 32.7 2.47 34.2 34.4 2.97 35.9 36.1 3.47 37.5 37.71.98 32.5 32.8 2.48 34.2 34.5 2.98 35.9 36.1 3.48 37.5 37.81.99 32.6 32.8 2.49 34.3 34.5 2.99 35.9 36.2 3.49 37.6 37.
39、82.00 32.6 32.8 2.50 34.3 34.5 3.00 36.0 36.2 3.50 37.6 37.82.01 32.6 32.9 2.51 34.3 34.6 3.01 36.0 36.2 3.51 37.6 37.92.02 32.7 32.9 2.52 34.4 34.6 3.02 36.0 36.3 3.52 37.6 37.92.03 32.7 32.9 2.53 34.4 34.6 3.03 36.0 36.3 3.53 37.7 37.92.04 32.7 33.0 2.54 34.4 34.7 3.04 36.1 36.3 3.54 37.7 38.02.05
40、 32.8 33.0 2.55 34.5 34.7 3.05 36.1 36.4 3.55 37.7 38.02.06 32.8 33.0 2.56 34.5 34.7 3.06 36.1 36.4 3.56 37.8 38.02.07 32.8 33.1 2.57 34.5 34.8 3.07 36.2 36.4 3.57 37.8 38.12.08 32.9 33.1 2.58 34.6 34.8 3.08 36.2 36.5 3.58 37.8 38.12.09 32.9 33.1 2.59 34.6 34.8 3.09 36.2 36.5 3.59 37.9 38.12.10 32.9
41、 33.2 2.60 34.6 34.9 3.10 36.3 36.5 3.60 37.9 38.22.11 33.0 33.2 2.61 34.7 34.9 3.11 36.3 36.6 3.61 37.9 38.22.12 33.0 33.2 2.62 34.7 34.9 3.12 36.3 36.6 3.62 38.0 38.22.13 33.0 33.3 2.63 34.7 35.0 3.13 36.4 36.6 3.63 38.0 38.32.14 33.1 33.3 2.64 34.8 35.0 3.14 36.4 36.7 3.64 38.0 38.32.15 33.1 33.3
42、 2.65 34.8 35.0 3.15 36.4 36.7 3.65 38.1 38.32.16 33.1 33.4 2.66 34.8 35.1 3.16 36.5 36.7 3.66 38.1 38.42.17 33.2 33.4 2.67 34.9 35.1 3.17 36.5 36.8 3.67 38.1 38.42.18 33.2 33.4 2.68 34.9 35.1 3.18 36.5 36.8 3.68 38.2 38.42.19 33.2 33.5 2.69 34.9 35.2 3.19 36.6 36.8 3.69 38.2 38.52.20 33.3 33.5 2.70
43、 35.0 35.2 3.20 36.6 36.9 3.70 38.2 38.52.21 33.3 33.5 2.71 35.0 35.2 3.21 36.6 36.9 3.71 38.3 38.52.22 33.3 33.6 2.72 35.0 35.3 3.22 36.7 36.9 3.72 38.3 38.62.23 33.4 33.6 2.73 35.1 35.3 3.23 36.7 37.0 3.73 38.3 38.62.24 33.4 33.6 2.74 35.1 35.3 3.24 36.7 37.0 3.74 38.4 38.6D2161 17321 TABLE 1 Cont
44、inuedKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSAt 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 10
45、0 F At 210 F3.75 38.4 38.7 4.25 40.0 40.3 4.75 41.6 41.9 5.25 43.2 43.53.76 38.4 38.7 4.26 40.0 40.3 4.76 41.6 41.9 5.26 43.2 43.53.77 38.5 38.7 4.27 40.1 40.3 4.77 41.7 41.9 5.27 43.3 43.53.78 38.5 38.7 4.28 40.1 40.4 4.78 41.7 42.0 5.28 43.3 43.63.79 38.5 38.8 4.29 40.1 40.4 4.79 41.7 42.0 5.29 43
46、.3 43.63.80 38.6 38.8 4.30 40.2 40.4 4.80 41.8 42.0 5.30 43.3 43.63.81 38.6 38.8 4.31 40.2 40.5 4.81 41.8 42.1 5.31 43.4 43.73.82 38.6 38.9 4.32 40.2 40.5 4.82 41.8 42.1 5.32 43.4 43.73.83 38.7 38.9 4.33 40.3 40.5 4.83 41.9 42.1 5.33 43.4 43.73.84 38.7 38.9 4.34 40.3 40.6 4.84 41.9 42.2 5.34 43.5 43
47、.83.85 38.7 39.0 4.35 40.3 40.6 4.85 41.9 42.2 5.35 43.5 43.83.86 38.7 39.0 4.36 40.4 40.6 4.86 41.9 42.2 5.36 43.5 43.83.87 38.8 39.0 4.37 40.4 40.7 4.87 42.0 42.3 5.37 43.6 43.93.88 38.8 39.1 4.38 40.4 40.7 4.88 42.0 42.3 5.38 43.6 43.93.89 38.8 39.1 4.39 40.4 40.7 4.89 42.0 42.3 5.39 43.6 43.93.9
48、0 38.9 39.1 4.40 40.5 40.8 4.90 42.1 42.4 5.40 43.7 44.03.91 38.9 39.2 4.41 40.5 40.8 4.91 42.1 42.4 5.41 43.7 44.03.92 38.9 39.2 4.42 40.5 40.8 4.92 42.1 42.4 5.42 43.7 44.03.93 39.0 39.2 4.43 40.6 40.8 4.93 42.2 42.5 5.43 43.8 44.13.94 39.0 39.3 4.44 40.6 40.9 4.94 42.2 42.5 5.44 43.8 44.13.95 39.
49、0 39.3 4.45 40.6 40.9 4.95 42.2 42.5 5.45 43.8 44.13.96 39.1 39.3 4.46 40.7 40.9 4.96 42.3 42.5 5.46 43.9 44.23.97 39.1 39.4 4.47 40.7 41.0 4.97 42.3 42.6 5.47 43.9 44.23.98 39.1 39.4 4.48 40.7 41.0 4.98 42.3 42.6 5.48 43.9 44.23.99 39.2 39.4 4.49 40.8 41.0 4.99 42.4 42.6 5.49 44.0 44.24.00 39.2 39.5 4.50 40.8 41.1 5.00 42.4 42.7 5.50 44.0 44.34.01 39.2 39.5 4.51 40.8 41.1 5.01 42.4 42.7 5.51 44.0 44.34.02 39.3 39.5 4.52 40.9 41.1 5.02 42.5 42.7 5.52 44.0 44.34.03 39.3 39.6 4
