1、Designation: A1108 17Standard Test Method forDetermining the Ultimate Strength of Deep CorrugatedStructural Plate Bolted Longitudinal Lapped Seams1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method provides a comprehensive method fordetermining the seam strength f
3、or bolted longitudinal lappedseams in deep corrugated structural steel plate. The test methodincludes a laboratory test procedure which specifies specimenpreparation, test equipment, and data collection. The testmethod also includes a method to calculate seam strength fromthe test results. This stan
4、dard test method is applicable tocorrugated steel structures with ultimate strength of boltedseams provided in Practice A796/A796M.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated
5、with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognize
6、d principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A370 Test Methods and Defi
7、nitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA761/A761M Specification for Corrugated Steel StructuralPlate, Zinc-Coated, for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches,and ArchesA796/A796M Practice for Structural Design of CorrugatedSteel Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Storm and Sani-tary Sewers and Other
8、Buried ApplicationsA902 Terminology Relating to Metallic Coated Steel Prod-ucts2.2 AISC Standards:2ANSI/AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings2.3 AASHTO Standards:3LRFD Bridge Design Specifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: See Terminology A902 for definitions ofgeneral terminolog
9、y relating to metallic-coated steel products.3.1.1 bolt hole hearingdeformation that is a measure ofthe strength of the material upon which the bolt shank bearsand not a measure of the strength of the bolt. Bolt hole bearingis identified as (in-plane) deformation of the steel corrugatedmaterial upon
10、 which the bolt shank bears.3.1.2 bolt pryingdeformation that is characterized by amovement of the connected parts such that the fasteners (bolts)rotate into the connected part causing local yielding of the steelcorrugation, out-of-plane deformation around the bolt holes,and tension and bending in t
11、he bolts. May result in failure ofthe entire profile when advanced.3.1.3 bolt shear failurefailure that is defined as movementin the connected parts which causes shearing stresses thatexceed the shear strength of the bolts. Bolt shear failure may beidentified audibly, and may not result in separatio
12、n of thesheared bolt or bolts from the test specimen.3.1.4 circumferential seama connection seam along theedge of the plate parallel to the corrugation.3.1.5 Deep Corrugated Structural Plate (DCSP)corrugated plate with a corrugation depth greater than 5.0 in.3.1.6 lapped connectionbolted lap seams a
13、s shown inSpecification A761/A761M.3.1.7 local bucklingvisible local wrinkling in one or moreelements of the wall section resulting from compressive loadthat may result in failure of the entire profile when advanced.3.1.8 longitudinal seama connection seam along the edgeof the plate perpendicular to
14、 the corrugation.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 onMetallic-Coated Iron and Steel Products and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee A05.17 on Corrugated Steel Pipe Specifications.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. DOI: 10.1520/A110
15、817.2Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), 130 E.Randolph St., Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601-6219, http:/www.aisc.org.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/ww
16、w.transportation.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for th
17、eDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.9 specimen lengthspecimen length is defined in Fig. 1(and Section 6.2) and includes adjacent plates connected withcircumferential seams.3.1.10 s
18、pecimen heightspecimen height is defined in Fig.1 (and Section 6.3).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of preparing representativeseamed specimens, testing them in compression, and normal-izing the results. Test specimens are loaded in uniform com-pression along their top and bot
19、tom faces until failure. Nor-malization processes address differences between testspecimens and installed structure seams.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a procedure for testing todetermine the ultimate strength in compression of boltedlongitudinal seams with lapped connections
20、in deep corrugatedstructural plate. This test method is applicable to variablelength longitudinal seams with circumferential seams betweenadjacent plates.NOTE 1The testing is intended for bolted longitudinal seams in platewith the following corrugation sizes in Practice A796/A796M: 15 in. by5.5. in.
21、 (Practice A796/A796M Tables 34 and 35), 20 in. by 9.5 in.(Practice A796/A796M Tables 36 and 37), and 16 in. by 6 in. (PracticeA796/A796M Table 38 and 39).5.2 The maximum load achieved in this testing, along withnormalization procedures in this test method, are used toestablish values for ultimate s
22、trength of bolted structural platelongitudinal seams for design in accordance with PracticeA796/A796M.6. Test Specimen6.1 Specimens shall be cut from the seam areas of finished,non-curved (non-radiused) corrugated structural plate. Speci-mens shall be cut flat (level) and parallel along their loaded
23、 andfree edges.6.2 Specimens shall consist of three full standard lengthplate segments connected by standard circumferential seams.Specimen length will be the centerline-to-centerline dimensionbetween the outermost bolts as shown in Fig. 1.6.3 Specimen height shall not be less than one full out-to-o
24、ut dimension of the circumferential seam stagger (includingstandard plate edge distance from the bolt holes) plus aminimum of 4 in., as shown in Fig. 1.7. Apparatus7.1 Test MachineThe test machine shall be a universaltesting machine capable of applying and measuring a loadgreater than the expected u
25、ltimate seam strength. The testmachine shall record the applied load with accuracy better than0.5% of the ultimate seam strength.7.2 Load Heads and Test FixtureLoad shall be applied tothe specimen using a load head which provides uniform loadunder the contact surface with the line of action through
26、thespecimen mid-depth. Compressible material shall be placedFIG. 1 Lapped Connection Specimen for Structures with Staggered Longitudinal Seams(Typical for Practice A796/A796M plates with 15 in. by 5.5 in., 20 in. by 9.5 in., and 16 in. by 6 in. corrugations)A1108 172between the load head and test sp
27、ecimen to accommodatesmall specimen height variations that may affect uniformity ofthe applied load along the specimen length.7.3 InstrumentationSpecimens shall be instrumented withlinear variable differential transformers (LVDT),inclinometers, or similar devices capable of recording displace-ment a
28、nd rotation, to measure top bearing plate displacementalong the length of the specimen and to monitor bolt tipping.The instrumentation used shall be capable of measuring withaccuracy better than 0.5% of the deflection or rotation at theultimate seam strength.8. Conditioning8.1 Condition specimens fo
29、r a minimum of 4 hours in air, ata temperature of 73 F 6 10 F.8.2 Conduct test in a room maintained to the same condi-tioning temperature.9. Procedure9.1 Prepare the test specimen in accordance with AnnexA1.9.2 Record the manufacturer and manufacturers productidentification, the presence of circumfe
30、rential seams (if any),the type and size of all bolts and nuts, the nominal corrugationsize, nominal plate thickness, conditioning temperature andduration, test temperature, bolt torque, and date of test.9.3 Record the following measurements for each test speci-men:9.3.1 Determine the pitch and dept
31、h (Fig. 1) of one corru-gation in each plate segment to the nearest116 in.9.3.2 Determine the specimen length (Fig. 1) to the nearest116 in. as an average of three measurements. Take measure-ments at the base, mid-height, and top of the specimen.9.3.3 Determine the specimen height to the nearest116
32、in. asan average of three measurements. Take measurements at themiddle of each plate segment.9.3.4 Determine the thickness of each of the three platesegments to the nearest 0.002 in. by making and averagingthree random measurements along each plate segment.9.4 Place the test specimen in the testing
33、machine, centeringthe specimen under the load head. The test fixture and loadhead shall provide uniform support along the top and bottom ofthe specimen length.9.5 Assemble and attach all instrumentation to the specimenand tare all instrumentation with the specimen in an unloadedstate. Instrumentatio
34、n shall be provided to record the followingmeasurements:9.5.1 Load: Record the load with time from the testingmachine at a rate not less than one reading every 10 seconds.9.5.2 Vertical Displacement: Record vertical displacementof the top bearing plate at three locations: at the midpoint of thespeci
35、men length; and at the first interior line of bolts at eitherend (Fig. 1).9.5.3 Bolt Tipping: Record bolt tipping/rotation as thechange in angle of the bolts during testing. Bolt tipping shall bemonitored at a minimum of three locations, including one boltin each of the three plate segments.9.6 Brin
36、g the load crosshead in contact with the specimenbearing plate.9.7 Apply load to the specimen by moving the crosshead ata constant vertical (compressive) deflection rate of 0.10 0.01 in.min.9.8 Terminate the test when the load on the specimen fails toincrease with increasing vertical displacement an
37、d a clearmaximum load has been reached.9.9 Record the maximum load and time to failure for eachtest.9.10 Record and photograph the primary failure mode andany secondary failure modes including initiation of failure andultimate failure. Failure modes to be evaluated include localbuckling, bolt prying
38、, bolt hole bearing failure, and bolt shear.10. Calculation10.1 Refer to Annex A2 for calculation method for deter-mining the ultimate strength of bolted structural plate longitu-dinal lapped seams.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Agency and technician conducting the test and d
39、ateof test.11.1.2 Complete identification of the material tested, in-cluding strength, manufacturers product identification, history(if any), nominal corrugation size, plate thickness, and pres-ence of circumferential seams.11.1.3 Testing machine and load measurement device andidentification of tole
40、rances.11.1.4 Load head and spreader beam used.11.1.5 Compressible material type and size, if used.11.1.6 Specimen dimensions recorded per subsection 9.3.11.2 Report the maximum test load and time to failure ofeach test.11.3 Report all values as calculated in Section 10, Calcula-tions. Report averag
41、e values for groups of nominally identicalspecimens.11.4 Report primary and any secondary failure modes.Failure modes to be evaluated include local buckling, boltprying, bolt hole bearing failure, and bolt shear.12. Precision and Bias12.1 No precision and bias statement can be made for thistest meth
42、od since a controlled round-robin test program has notbeen run. A controlled round-robin program is not consideredfeasible due to the high cost of individual tests and the lack ofavailable testing facilities with capacity sufficient for the verylarge loads required to reach ultimate strength for the
43、 deepcorrugated structural plate bolted longitudinal lapped seamspecimens. This test method is required to provide ultimateseam strengths for structural design for Practice A796/A796M.13. Keywords13.1 bolted seam; circumferential seam; corrugated steelpipe; corrugated steel plate; deep corrugated st
44、ructural plate;A1108 173drainage pipe; lapped seam; long span; longitudinal seam;seam strength; steel structural plateANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. SPECIMEN PREPARATIONA1.1 This annex provides a detailed procedure for preparingspecimens to test the strength of bolted longitudinal lappedseams in
45、deep corrugated structural steel plate. Specimenpreparation is critical to obtaining reliable and repeatable testresults.A1.2 Deep corrugated structural plate shall be as requiredby Specification A761/A761M. Obtain mill test data for thesteel material used for the fabrication of all test specimens.M
46、ill test data shall be used to compare the actual yield strengthand tensile strength to the manufacturers published minimumvalues and to determine the normalized seam strength. If milltest data is not available, obtain tensile test coupons from theremainder portion of the structural plate sections f
47、or tensileyield and tensile strength testing in accordance with TestMethod A370.A1.3 Cut the test specimens from the seam areas of finished,non-curved deep corrugated structural plate product. Use amilling machine or other suitable tool to square the ends of thespecimen. Ensure that the ends of the
48、specimen are parallelusing a carpenters square. Test specimens must be preparedwith squared, parallel ends.A1.4 Bolts and nuts for the longitudinal bolted seams shallbe as required by Specification A761/A761M. Bolts shall befree of contaminants and shall be lightly oiled and new inappearance. The ou
49、termost rows of bolts shall be omitted oneither side (see Fig. 1). Bolts shall have a minimum of two fullthread pitches extending beyond the edge of the connectedpart.A1.5 Assemble test specimens and install bolts in longitu-dinal seams, leaving the outermost holes open (without bolts).A1.6 Plates shall be assembled in the manufacturers speci-fied orientation for panel overlap along the specimen lengthand height. Proper assembly and tight fit of plates along seamsis critical to obtaining reliable and repeatable test results.A1.7 Torque bolts t
