1、Designation: A608/A608M 14 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Specification forCentrifugally Cast Iron-Chromium-Nickel High-Alloy Tubingfor Pressure Application at High Temperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A608/A608M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel, hig
3、h-alloy tubes made by the centrifugal casting process intendedfor use under pressure at high temperatures.1.2 The grades of high alloys detailed in Table 1 areintended for applications requiring strength and resistance tocorrosion and scaling at high temperatures.1.3 Optional Supplementary Requireme
4、nts S1 to S11 areprovided; these call for additional tests to be made if desired.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of t
5、he other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decisi
6、on on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of WeaklyMagnetic MaterialsA488/A488M Prac
7、tice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifi-cations of Procedures and PersonnelA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel PipeE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests ofMetallic MaterialsE9
8、4/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination Using In-dustrial Radiographic FilmE139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic MaterialsE142 Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Test-ing (Withdrawn 2000)3E151 Recommended Practice for Tension Tests o
9、f MetallicMaterials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heatingand Conventional or Rapid Strain Rates (Withdrawn1984)3E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination forGeneral IndustryE340 Practice for Macroetching Metals and Alloys3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material to this specifi
10、cation should includethe following, as required, to describe the desired materialadequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimeters, or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast tubing),3.1.3 Specification number and grade (Table 1),3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wa
11、llthickness, see Section 8).3.1.5 Condition (see Section 9, as-cast or as-cast withmachining on outside or inside surfaces, or machined; see 5.1and Sections 8 and 9),3.1.6 Length (specific or random), (Permissible Variationsin Length Section of Specification A999/A999M),3.1.7 End finish (Ends Sectio
12、n of Specification A999/A999M),3.1.8 Optional requirements (see 8.2.3 regarding the manu-facturers wall thickness allowance for as-cast tubing andSupplementary Requirements S1 to S11),3.1.9 Test report required (see Section 13), and3.1.10 Special requirements to be added to the specification.1This s
13、pecification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2014
14、 as A608/A608M 14.DOI: 10.1520/A0608_A0608M-14R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last a
15、pproved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in acco
16、rdance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14. General Requirements4.1 Mate
17、rial furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A999/A999M, unless otherwise provided herein.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The tubing may be supplied in the as-cast condition oras-cast with machining on the outside or ins
18、ide surfaces, ormachined, as agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.5.2 Heat treatment of the tubing shall not be required underthis specification.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition as prescribed in Table 1.7. Tensile P
19、roperties7.1 Tension tests at room temperature are not recommendedas acceptance criteria under this specification since the alloysare intended for elevated temperature service, and roomtemperature tests do not have a dependable relationship toelevated temperature properties. (Where the design of the
20、tubing is based on an assumption of certain minimum creep-rupture properties, one of the supplementary requirements ofthis specification may be stipulated on the order to ascertain theability of the material to meet the design properties.)8. Permissible Variation in Dimensions8.1 Machined Tubing (Tu
21、bing Machined on Inside andOutside):8.1.1 The tolerances given in Specification A999/A999Mshall govern, except that the wall thickness shall not vary overthe specified minimum wall thickness by more than 10 % or116 in. 1.6 mm, whichever is greater. There shall be novariation under the specified mini
22、mum wall thickness.8.2 As-Cast Tubing (No Machining or Machined on Insideor Outside):8.2.1 Outside Diameter (For Tubes Ordered to OutsideDiameter):8.2.1.1 Tubes machined on the outside shall meet therequirements of Specification A999/A999M.8.2.1.2 Tubes not machined on the outside shall meet theperm
23、issible variations of Table 2.8.2.2 Inside Diameter (For Tubes Ordered to Inside Diam-eter):8.2.2.1 Tubes machined on the inside shall meet the require-ments of Specification A999/A999M.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAGrade(UNSNumber)Composition, % (Values are maximums unless otherwise indicated.)Carb
24、on Manganese Silicon Chromium Nickel Phosphorus Sulfur Molybdenum NiobiumHC30(J92613)0.25 0.35 0.5 1.0 0.50 2.00 26 30 4.0 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HD50(J93015)0.45 0.55 1.50 0.50 2.00 26 30 4 7 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HE35(J93413)0.30 0.40 1.50 0.50 2.00 26 30 8 11 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HF30(J92803)0.25 0.35
25、1.50 0.50 2.00 19 23 9 12 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HH30(J93513)0.25 0.35 1.50 0.50 2.00 24 28 11 14 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HH33B(J93633)0.28 0.38 1.50 0.50 2.00 24 26 12 14 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HI35(J94013)0.30 0.40 1.50 0.50 2.00 26 30 14 18 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HK30(J94203)0.25 0.35 1.50 0.50 2.00 23 27 19
26、22 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HK40(J94204)0.35 0.45 1.50 0.50 2.00 23 27 19 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HL30(N08613)0.25 0.35 1.50 0.50 2.00 28 32 18 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HL40(N08614)0.35 0.45 1.50 0.50 2.00 28 32 18 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HN40 0.35 0.45 1.50 0.50 2.00 19 23 23 27 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HPNb(N28
27、701)0.38 0.45 0.50 1.50 0.50 1.50 24 27 34 37 0.03 0.03 0.50 0.5 1.5HPNbS(N28702)0.38 0.45 0.50 1.50 1.50 2.50 24 27 34 37 0.03 0.03 0.50 0.5 1.5HT50(N08050)0.40 0.60 1.50 0.50 2.00 15 19 33 37 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HU50(N08005)0.40 0.60 1.50 0.50 2.00 17 21 37 41 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HW50(N08006)0.40
28、0.60 1.50 0.50 2.00 10 14 58 62 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .HX50(N06050)0.40 0.60 1.50 0.50 2.00 15 19 64 68 0.04 0.04 0.50 . . .AWhere ellipses (.) appear in this table there is no requirement, and the element need not be analyzed or reported.BManufacturing control should ensure that this composition conta
29、ins a minimal amount of ferrite. See Supplementary Requirement S5.A608/A608M 14 (2018)28.2.2.2 Tubes not machined on the inside shall have permis-sible variations as agreed upon by the purchaser and themanufacturer.8.2.3 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness shall not exceedthe calculated minimum as-cast
30、 wall thickness by more thanthe limits shown in Table 3. The calculated minimum wallthickness shall be equal to the specified minimum wallthickness plus the manufacturers allowance for “inside surfacefeed metal” and outside surface roughness. Upon request, themanufacturers allowance shall be furnish
31、ed to the purchaser.There shall be no variation under the calculated minimumas-cast wall thickness. For tubes over 24 up to and including54 in. 600 to 1350 mm in diameter, the “permissible varia-tions over specified minimum as-cast wall thickness” shall beagreed upon by the manufacturer and the purc
32、haser.8.2.4 LengthIf definite lengths are ordered, no length oftubing shall be under the length specified and not longer thanthe tolerance shown in Table 4.9. Finish9.1 Machined TubingAll tubes shall be reasonablystraight and free of rejectable indications. All visual irregulari-ties shall be explor
33、ed for depths. When the depth encroaches onthe specified minimum wall thickness, such irregularities shallbe considered rejectable indications.9.2 As-Cast Tubing:9.2.1 The outside surface shall be adequately cleaned (suchas by shotblasting, sandblasting, wire brushing, grinding, ormachining). The me
34、tal surface so revealed shall be visuallyinspected and shall be free of linear discontinuities or otherimperfections that encroach on the specified minimum wall ofthe tube.9.2.2 Various degrees of surface roughness occur on unma-chined tubing. If a specific surface finish is required, it shall bea m
35、atter of agreement between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.9.3 Surface Irregularities Not Classified as RejectableVisual surface defects that have been explored and that do notencroach on the minimum sound wall thickness shall beblended either by machining or grinding the surface into thesurroundi
36、ng unaffected surface area of the tubing.9.4 Repair by WeldingRepair of injurious defects bywelding shall be permitted and major weld repairs shall bepermitted only subject to the approval of the purchaser. Weldrepairs shall be considered major if the depth of the cavityprepared for welding exceeds
37、20 % of the required minimumwall thickness or if the total surface area exceeds 10 in.265 cm2. Defects shall be completely removed before welding.If defects are linear, complete removal shall be checked byliquid penetrant inspection (Practice E165/E165M). Onlyqualified operators and procedures in ac
38、cordance with PracticeA488/A488M shall be used.All weld repairs shall be subjectedto the same inspection standard as the tubing.10. Pressure Test10.1 All tubing shall be subjected to an internal air pressureof at least 75 psi 515 kPa for at least 1 min either whilesubmerged in clear water or with th
39、e entire outer surface coatedwith sulfur-free soap suds at the discretion of the manufacturer.In the usable portion of the tube, leaks are not permitted. If theHydrostatic Test, Supplementary Requirement S6, is invoked,the exact details of the test and testing procedure shall beclearly defined and m
40、ade a part of the ordering information(3.1.8).10.2 Leaks may be repaired by welding only if such repairis approved by the purchaser.11. Flattening Test11.1 Flattening tests are not required since material coveredby this specification is not intended to be bent, flanged, orotherwise formed.12. Mechan
41、ical Tests Required12.1 Air Pressure TestEach length of tubing shall besubjected to the pressure test described in Section 10.13. Certification13.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,a manufacturers certification that the material was manufac-tured and tested in accordance with t
42、his specification togetherwith a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time ofshipment.14. Product Marking14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA999/A999M, the marking shall include the length, an addi-tional symbol “S” if the tubing conforms to the supplementaryT
43、ABLE 2 Permissible Variations in As-Cast Outside DiameterSpecified Outside Diameter of TubingPermissible Plus or MinusVariations from SpecifiedOutside Diameterin. mm in. mmFrom 2 to 4 50 to 100 0.08 2.0Over 4 to 12 100 to 300 0.10 2.5Over 12 to 24 300 to 600 0.12 3.0Over 24 to 36 600 to 900 0.16 4.1
44、Over 36 to 54 900 to 1350 0.25 6.4TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in As-Cast Wall ThicknessSpecified Outside Diameter of TubingPermissible Variations overCalculated Minimum As-Cast Wall Thicknessin. mm in. mmFrom 2 to 6 50 to 150 0.08 2.0Over 6 to 12 150 to 300 0.10 2.5Over 12 to 24 300 to 600 0.13 3
45、.3TABLE 4 Excess Length Tolerances for Centrifugally Cast TubesOutside Diameter of TubePermissibleExcess Lengthin. mm in. mmFrom2to12 50to30014 6.4Over 12 to 24 300 to 60012 13Over 24 to 54 600 to 1350 1 25A608/A608M 14 (2018)3requirements specified in Supplementary Requirements S1 toS11, the heat n
46、umber or manufacturers number by which thetube can be identified, and, when as cast (see 8.2), the notation“AS CAST.”15. Keywords15.1 alloy; centrifugal casting; high temperatures; pressurecontaining parts; steel tube; temperature service applicationsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the foll
47、owing supplementary requirements may become a part of the specificationwhen specified on the inquiry or invitation to bid and purchase order or contract.S1. Product AnalysisS1.1 Product analysis may be made on any length of tubing.Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical require-ments s
48、hall be rejected. For product analysis, the outsidesurface of the tube shall be ground clean before sampling anda sample taken from this area by drilling. If drillings are taken,the drill should penetrate at least to the mid-point of the tubewall, but the inner18 in. 3 mm of the tube wall shall not
49、beincluded in the sample unless the tube has been bored.S2. Short-Time, High-Temperature Tension TestS2.1 Short-time, high-temperature tension tests shall bemade from a longitudinal or transverse section cut from the endof the tubing representing each heat or lot as agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.S2.2 The test specimen shall conform to the dimensionsshown in Fig. 7 or
