1、Designation: B251M 10Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper andCopper-Alloy Tube (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B251M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers a group of general require-ments common to several wrought product specificat
3、ions.Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in anindividual specification, these general requirements shall applyto copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under SpecificationsB68, B75, B135, and B466/B466M.NOTE 1This specification is the SI companion to B251.2. Referenced Documents2.1 T
4、he following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B68 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright An-nealedB75 Specification for Seamless Copper TubeB135 Specification for Seamless Brass T
5、ubeB153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB428 Test Method for
6、 Angle of Twist in Rectangular andSquare Copper and Copper Alloy TubeB466/B466M Specification for Seamless Copper-NickelPipe and TubeB643 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy SeamlessTubeE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
7、E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopperAlloys
8、(Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 average diameter (for
9、 round tubes only)the averageof the maximum and minimum outside diameters, or maximumand minimum inside diameters, whichever is applicable, asdetermined at any one cross section of the tube.3.1.2 coila length of the product wound into a series ofconnected turns. The unqualified term “coil” as applie
10、d to tubeusually refers to a bunched coil.3.1.2.1 buncheda coil in which the turns are bunched andheld together such that the cross section of the bunched turnsis approximately circular.3.1.2.2 double layer flata coil in which the product isspirally wound into two connected disk-like layers such tha
11、tone layer is on top of the other. (Sometimes called “doublelayer pancake coil” or “double layer spirally wound coil.”)3.1.2.3 level or traverse wounda coil in which the turnsare wound into layers parallel to the axis of the coil such thatsuccessive turns in a given layer are next to one another.(So
12、metimes called “helical coil.”)3.1.2.4 level or traverse wound on a reel or spoola coil inwhich the turns are positioned into layers on a reel or spool1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04
13、on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B251M 97 (2003).DOI: 10.1520/B0251M-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servic
14、eastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Internat
15、ional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information1parallel to the axis of the reel or spool such th
16、at successiveturns in a given layer are next to one another.3.1.2.5 single layer flata coil in which the product isspirally wound into a single disk-like layer. (Sometimes calleda“ pancake coil” or “single layer spirally wound coil.”)3.1.2.6 stagger wounda coil in which the turns are posi-tioned int
17、o layers approximately parallel to the axis of the coil,but not necessarily with the fixed regularity of a level ortraverse wound coil.3.1.3 lengthsstraight pieces of the product.3.1.3.1 endsstraight pieces, shorter than the nominallength, left over after cutting the product into mill lengths,stock
18、lengths, or specific lengths. They are subject to minimumlength and maximum weight requirements.3.1.3.2 millstraight lengths, including ends, that are con-veniently manufactured in the mills. Full-length pieces areusually 3000, 4000, or 6000 mm and subject to establishedlength tolerances.3.1.3.3 mul
19、tiplestraight lengths of integral multiples of abase length, with suitable allowance for cutting, if and whenspecified.3.1.3.4 randomrun of mill lengths without any indicatedpreferred length.3.1.3.5 specificstraight lengths that are uniform in length,as specified, and subject to established length t
20、olerances.3.1.3.6 specific with endsspecific lengths, including ends.3.1.3.7 standarduniform lengths recommended in a Sim-plified Practice Recommendation or established as a Commer-cial Standard.3.1.3.8 stockstraight lengths that are mill cut and stored inadvance of orders. They are usually 3000, 40
21、00, or 6000 mmand subject to established length tolerances.3.1.3.9 stock with endsstock lengths, including ends.3.1.4 reel or spoola cylindrical device that has a rim ateach end and an axial hole for a shaft or spindle, and on whichthe product is wound to facilitate handling and shipping.3.1.5 tubea
22、 hollow product of round or any other crosssection, having a continuous periphery.3.1.5.1 tube, automotive and general servicea seamlesscopper tube of small diameter conforming to a standard seriesof sizes commercially known as Automotive and GeneralService Tube.3.1.5.2 tube, seamlessa tube produced
23、 with a continuousperiphery in all stages of the operations.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The material shall be of such quality and purity that thefinished product shall have the properties and characteristicsprescribed in the applicable product specification listed inSection 1.4.2 The material sh
24、all be produced by either hot or coldworking operations, or both. It shall be finished, unlessotherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing orheat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified.5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations5.1 General:5.1.1 The standard method of specif
25、ying wall thicknessshall be in decimal fractions of a millimetre.5.1.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with thedimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, anymeasured value outside the specified limiting values for anydimension shall be cause for rejection.5.1.3 Tolerances
26、on a given tube shall be specified withrespect to any two, but not all three, of the following: outsidediameter, inside diameter, wall thickness.5.1.4 When round tube is ordered by outside and insidediameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wallTABLE 1 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copp
27、er and Copper-Alloy Tube(Applicable to Specifications B68, B75, and B135)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, mmOutside Diameter,Amm0.80 to 3.0,inclOver 3.0 to 16,inclO
28、ver 16 to 25,inclOver 25 to 50,inclOver 50 to 100,inclOver 100 to180,inclOver 180 to250,inclUp to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 . . .Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.06 . . .Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.10 . .Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.20 .Over 1.5 to
29、 2.0, incl . 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.28Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40Over 7.0 to 10, incl . . 0.30 5B%5B%6B%6B%Over 10
30、 . . . 5B B B B%AWhen round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceedthe values given in the table by more than 50 %.BPercent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.025 mm.B251M 102
31、thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed thevalues given in Table 1 by more than 50 %.NOTE 2Blank spaces in the tolerance tables indicate either that thematerial is not generally available or that no tolerances have beenestablished.5.2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-
32、AlloyTubeWall thickness tolerances applicable to SpecificationsB68, B75, and B135 for round tubes only shall be in accor-dance with Table 1. Wall thickness tolerances for rectangularincluding square tube applicable to B75 and B135 shall be inaccordance with Table 2.5.3 Diameter or Distance between P
33、arallel Surfaces, Toler-ances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeDiameter toler-ances applicable to Specifications B68, B75, and B135 forround tubes only shall be in accordance with Table 3.Toler-ances on distance between parallel surfaces for rectan-gularincluding square tube applicable to Specificati
34、ons B75 andB135 shall be in accordance with Table 4.5.4 Roundness (Applicable to Specifications B75, B135, andB466/B466M)For drawn unannealed tube in straight lengths,the roundness tolerances shall be as follows:t/D(Ratio of Nominal Wall Thickness toOutside Diameter)Roundness Tolerance as Percent of
35、Outside Diameter (Expressed to theNearest 0.025 mm)0.01 to 0.03, incl 1.5Over 0.03 to 0.05, incl 1.0Over 0.05 to 0.10, incl 0.8 or 0.05 mm, whichever is greaterOver 0.10 0.7 or 0.05 mm, whichever is greater5.4.1 Compliance with the roundness tolerances shall bedetermined by taking measurements on th
36、e outside diameteronly, irrespective of the manner in which the tube dimensionsare specified. The deviation from roundness is measured as thedifference between major and minor diameters as determined atany one cross section of the tube. The major and minordiameters are the diameters of two concentri
37、c circles justenclosing the outside surface of the tube at the cross section.5.4.2 No tolerances have been established for as-extrudedtube, redraw tube, annealed tube, any tube furnished in coils ordrawn tube whose wall thickness is under 0.40 mm.5.5 Length Tolerances:5.5.1 Straight LengthsLength to
38、lerances, straight lengths,applicable to Specifications B68, B75, B135, and B466/B466M shall be in accordance with Table 5.5.5.2 Schedule of Tube LengthsSpecific and stock lengthsof tube with ends, applicable to Specifications B68, B75, B135,and B466/B466M, shall be in accordance with Table 6. Tube
39、instraight lengths shall be furnished in stock lengths with ends,unless the order requires specific lengths or specific lengthswith ends.5.6 Squareness of Cut (Applicable to Specifications B68,B75, B135, and B466/B466M)For tube in straight lengths,the departure from squareness of the end of any tube
40、 shall notexceed the following:5.6.1 Round Tube:Specified Outside Diameter, mm ToleranceUp to 16, incl 0.25 mmOver 16 0.016 mm/mm of diameter5.6.2 Rectangular and Square Tube:Specified Distance Between MajorOutside Parallel Surfaces, mmToleranceUp to 15.9 incl 0.40 mmOver 15.9 0.025 mm/mm of distanc
41、e between out-side parallel surfaces5.7 Straightness Tolerances:TABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube(Applicable to Specifications B75 and B135)NOTE 1 Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus
42、 or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, mmDistance Between Outside Parallel Surface,Amm0.80 to 3.0,incl3.0 to 16, incl 16 to 25, incl 25 to 50, incl 50 to 100,incl100 to 180,incl180 to 250,inclUp to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 . . .Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.06 0.08
43、0.09 . . .Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.15 . .Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.25 .Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.30 0.36 0.40Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0
44、.28 0.30 0.33 0.38 0.45 0.50Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.38 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55AIn the case of rectangular tube the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.TABLE 3 Average Diameter Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeA(Applicable to Specifications B68, B75, a
45、nd B135)Specified Diameter, mmTolerance, plus and minus,mmUp to 3.0, incl 0.05Over 3.0 to 16, incl 0.05Over 16 to 25, incl 0.06Over 25 to 50, incl 0.08Over 50 to 75, incl 0.10Over 75 to 100, incl 0.12Over 100 to 125, incl 0.15Over 125 to 150, incl 0.18Over 150 to 200, incl 0.20Over 200 to 250, incl
46、0.25AApplicable to inside or outside diameter.B251M 1035.7.1 Round TubesFor round tubes of any drawn temper,6 to 100 mm in outside diameter, inclusive, but not redrawtube, extruded tube, or any annealed tube, the straightnesstolerances applicable to Specifications B75, B135, and B466/B466M shall be
47、in accordance with Table 7.5.7.2 Rectangular and Square TubesFor rectangular andsquare tubes of any drawn temper, the straightness toleranceapplicable to Specifications B75 and B135 shall be 12 mmmaximum curvature (depth of arc) in any 2000-mm portion ofthe total length. (Not applicable to extruded
48、tube, redraw tube,or any annealed tube.)5.8 Corner Radius, Rectangular and Square TubesThepermissible radii for commercially square corners applicable toSpecifications B75 and B135 shall be in accordance with Table8.5.9 Twist Tolerances, Rectangular and Square TubesThemaximum twist about the longitu
49、dinal axis of drawn temperrectangular and square tubes applicable to Specifications B75and B135 shall not exceed 1/300 mm of length, measured tothe nearest degree, and the total angle of twist shall not exceed20 when measured in accordance with Test Method B428. Therequirement is not applicable to tubes in the annealed temper orto tubes whose specified major dimension is less than 12 mm.6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 The material shall be free fr
