1、Designation: C461 17Standard Test Methods forMastics and Coatings Used With Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling andtesting mastics and coatings for use as weather and vaporbarrier finishes on thermal
3、 insulations and for other accessoryuse.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The test methods appear in the following
4、order:SectionSampling 4Uniformity and Storage Stability 5Stability Under Freezing 6Density and Weight per Gallon 7Consistency 8Solids Content 9Content of Volume Solids and Coverage of Mastics andCoatings10Sag Resistance (Build) 11Drying Time 12Flash Point 131.4 This standard does not purport to addr
5、ess all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-da
6、nce with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM St
7、andards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC419 Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens ofMastic Thermal Insulation CoatingsD56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch andAsphalt (Displacement Method)D93 Test Methods
8、for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous MaterialsD1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,and Related ProductsD2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational ViscometerD2369 Test Method for Volatile
9、Content of CoatingsD3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by SmallScale Closed-Cup Apparatus3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods, see Terminology C168.4. Sampling4.1 Prior to opening or sampling, or both, any mastic orcoating, its Safety Data Sheet (
10、SDS) shall be reviewed toensure appropriate precautions or personal protectiveequipment, or both, are utilized.4.2 Take the samples for laboratory examination from theoriginal containers immediately after stirring to a uniformcondition. Determine the number of containers sampled asrequired to repres
11、ent a shipment in accordance with PracticeD140. Restir the composite sample immediately before takingout portions for individual tests.5. Uniformity and Storage Stability5.1 Open the original containers and examine them foruniformity of contents. Record the degree of separation, if any,into portions
12、 of appreciably different consistency, such as thickor thin layers, sedimentation or coagulation, etc., also ofdifficulty encountered in stirring to a uniform condition.5.2 Examine the contents of a full container of not less than1 qt (1 L) that has stood undisturbed for 48 h. Make notationof any se
13、paration of solvent or water, coagulation, or settle-ment of suspended matter, that cannot be overcome by mod-erate agitation.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 onInsulation Finishes and M
14、oisture.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C461 81 (2015).DOI: 10.1520/C0461-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or
15、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with intern
16、ationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Thu
17、 Apr 19 11:39:25 EDT 20185.3 Additionally, if required, examine and report the condi-tion in the container after 3 months storage, examining foruniformity in accordance with 5.1.6. Stability Under Freezing6.1 Fill a 1-pt (500-mL) press-top tin can three quarters fullwith the coating, and hold the fi
18、lled and closed container in achamber at a temperature of 0 6 5F (18 6 3C) for aminimum of 12 h consecutively under natural convectionconditions.6.2 At the expiration of the freezing period, permit thecoating to warm to room temperature by exposure of thecontainer to the temperature of the laborator
19、y for a minimum of6 h.After the first operation of freezing and thawing, repeat theprocedure twice so that the coating will have been subjected tothree cycles of freezing and thawing.6.3 After the completion of the third cycle, open thecontainer, and note any separation of solvent or water,coagulati
20、on, settlement of suspended matter, or the presence ofdistinct layers, or a combination of these. If the compoundcannot be rendered homogeneous by moderate stirring atlaboratory temperature, report that it has coagulated.7. Density and Weight per Gallon7.1 Apparatus:7.1.1 ContainerAny suitable conta
21、iner of known volumeshall be used. 7.1.1.1 describes one such container.7.1.1.1 Brass Cylinder, short, about 3 in. (80 mm) high and1.5 in. (40 mm) in diameter, with the inside bottom anglesrounded is most convenient. Adjust the capacity of such acylinder to hold 83.3 6 0.1 g of water at 77F (25C).7.
22、2 ProcedureRefer to Test Method D1475 for generalprocedure.7.2.1 If the cylinder described in 7.1.1.1 is used, the weightof the contents in grams, divided by 10, is the weight per gallonin pounds.8. Consistency8.1 Refer to Test Method D2196 for apparatus and generalprocedure.8.2 Thixotropic IndexCal
23、culate the thixotropic index bydividing the apparent viscosity at a low rotational speed by theviscosity at a speed ten times higher. Typical speed combina-tions are 2 or 2.5 and 20 rpm, 5 and 50 rpm, 6 and 60 rpm, butselection is subject to the agreement between the producer anduser. The resultant
24、viscosity ratio is an index of the degree ofshear thinning over that range of rotational speed with higherratios indicating greater shear thinning.9. Solids Content9.1 Refer to Test Method D2369 for apparatus and generalprocedures.9.2 Solids content by weight is synonymous to the nonvola-tile matter
25、 as described in Test Method D2369.10. Content of Volume Solids and Coverage of Masticsand Coatings10.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination ofthe percent volume solids (nonvolatile matter) and the cover-age rate required to achieve a given dry film thickness of amastic or coating. The vol
26、ume solids are expressed as thepercent of the original compound. The coverage is expressed ingallons / 100 ft2(liters / m2) to achieve a desired dry filmthickness in inches.10.2 Test SpecimensTo determine the density of the curedfilm, use three specimens at least 1 by 1 in. (25.4 by 25.4 mm)in area
27、cut from a film with a wet thickness specified by themanufacturer. Prepare and cure these films on dextrin-coatedpaper as specified in Practice C419, or on cellophane or othersuitable sheet material that can readily be removed after cure ofthe mastic or coating at room condition. Cure the film tocon
28、stant weight at 150F (65C) and the paper removed beforedetermination of density of the cured film (Ds) in accordancewith Test Method D71.10.3 CalculationsFrom values for density of the coatingas received (Section 7), and of the cured film, and the weightcontent of solids (Section 9), calculate the p
29、ercent volumesolids as follows:Sv5 SwD1 Ds! (1)where:Sv= volume of solids, %,Sw= weight of solids, % (Section 9),D1= density of the coating as received (Section 7), andDs= density of the cured film.10.3.1 Knowing the percent volume solids, Sv, calculate thecoverage, expressed in gallons per 100 squa
30、re feet for a givendry film thickness in inches.Coverage 5 6233 t1 Sv! (2)Equivalent Wet Film Thickness 5 t1Sv!*100 (3)where:t1= desired dry film thickness in inches.11. Sag Resistance (Build)11.1 Application of the material to the test panels shall be inaccordance with Practice C419, or to the thic
31、kness and by themethod to be followed in practice, such as spray, brush, ortrowel. The compound shall be at 77 6 5F (25 6 3C) unlessotherwise specified such as for hot spray.Apply the material to6 by 6-in. (152 by 152-mm) smooth calcium silicate insulationblocks, primed or unprimed in accordance wit
32、h the instructionsof the manufacturer, at a temperature of 77 6 5F. Otherinsulation types may be substituted, and shall be identified inthe report. Mask the panel for 1 in. (25.4 mm) along the edges.Immediately after application remove the masking and suspendthe panel in a vertical position in a roo
33、m at 77 6 5F. After 1h observe the coating for any flow, slippage, and sagging.Record the maximum movement to the nearest132 in. (0.8mm).C461 172Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Thu Apr 19 11:39:25 EDT 201812. Drying Time12.1 Test the coated panel prepared in accordance withSection 11 a
34、t 50 % relative humidity at 15-min intervals todetermine the time required to set-to-touch, and at 30-minintervals to determine the time to reach practical hardness. Thefilm is considered to have set-to-touch when a light pressure ofthe finger shows no material adhering to the finger. Practicalhardn
35、ess is that condition when firm pressure of the filmbetween the thumb and the finger shows a slight tackycondition, but the film is not ruptured and none of the coatingadheres to the finger.13. Flash Point13.1 Refer to Method B of Test Methods D93.13.2 Alternatively, refer to Test Method D56.13.3 Al
36、ternatively, refer to Test Methods D3278.14. Precision and Bias14.1 The precision and bias of the procedures detailed inthis standard have not been determined.14.2 The precision and bias of the test methods identifiedherein in otherASTM test methods are as specified in those testmethods.15. Keywords
37、15.1 coatings; consistency; density; mastics; thermal insu-lationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any su
38、ch patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invit
39、ed either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a
40、 fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this
41、 standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 173Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Thu Apr 19 11:39:25 EDT 2018
