1、Designation: D6462 03 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Practice forSilt Fence Installation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6462; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers common installation requirementsfor temporary silt fence applications. This practice is based onAASHTO M288.1.2 This practice
3、 is applicable to the use of silt fence as avertical permeable interceptor designed to remove suspendedsoil from overland, nonconcentrated water flow. The functionof a temporary silt fence is to trap and allow settlement of soilparticles from sediment laden water. The purpose is to greatlylimit the
4、transport of eroded soil from the construction site bywater runoff.1.3 The practices presented herein are intended to ensuregood workmanship and quality and are not necessarily ad-equate for all purposes in view of the wide variety of possiblesediments and performance objectives.1.4 The values state
5、d in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in inch-pound units are provided forinformation only.1.5 This practice offers an organized collection of informa-tion or a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action. This document cannot replace education orexperie
6、nce and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged, nor should thisd
7、ocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated wit
8、h its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD3740 P
9、ractice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongationof GeotextilesD6461 Specification for Silt Fence Materials2.2 AASHTO Standard:3M288-96 Standard Speci
10、fication for Geotextile Specificationfor Highway Applications3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, seeTerminology D653.4. Significance and Use4.1 Proper installation is critical to effective performance ofsilt fence. This practice presents procedures for installing siltfe
11、nce that have been shown to result in silt fence installationsthat effectively redirect and impound surface runoff and,thereby, provide effective sediment control.5. Controlling Material Specifications5.1 All materials used for temporary silt fence shall conformwith the specification requirements of
12、 ASTM SpecificationD6461 unless otherwise specified in the controlling projectspecifications.6. Certification6.1 The contractor shall provide to the engineer all certifi-cations required by the controlling material specification.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil
13、andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion andSediment Control Technology.Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approvedin 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6462 03. DOI: 10.1520/D6462-03R08.2For referenced ASTM standard
14、s, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO)
15、, 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact
16、ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information17. Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance7.1 Silt fence materials shall be subject to sampling andtesting in accordance with and to verify conformance with thecontrolling material specification.8. Silt Fence Installation8.1 MaterialsSilt fence
17、materials shall conform to therequirements of Section 5. Unless otherwise specified, the siltfence installation shall conform to the following:8.1.1 The geotextile used for temporary silt fence may ormay not be supported between posts with wire or polymericmesh.8.1.2 The minimum height above ground
18、for the silt fenceshall be 600 mm (2.0 ft). Minimum embedment depth shall be150 mm (0.5 ft).8.1.3 Maximum post spacing shall be based on the fabricsupport or, if unsupported, on elongation as measured inaccordance with Test Method D4632. Supported silt fence shallhave a maximum post spacing of 1.2 m
19、 (4 ft). Unsupported siltfence with elongation 50 % shall also have a maximum postspacing of 1.2 m (4 ft). Unsupported silt fence with elongation 50 % shall have a maximum post spacing of 2 m (6.5 ft).8.1.4 Wood, steel, or synthetic support posts having aminimum length of 1 m (3.3 ft) plus the buria
20、l depth may beused. They shall be of sufficient strength to resist damageduring installation and to support the applied loads due tomaterial build up behind the silt fence.NOTE 1It has been found that hardwood posts having dimensions ofat least 30 30 mm (1.2 1.2 in.), No. 2 Southern Pine at least 65
21、 65mm (2.5 2.5 in.) or steel posts of UTL or C shape, weighing 600 g per300 mm (1.3 lb/ft) have performed satisfactorily.8.1.5 Wire or polymer support fence shall be at least 750mm (2.5 ft) high and strong enough to support applied loads.Polymer support fences shall meet the same ultraviolet degra-d
22、ation requirements as the geotextile.NOTE 2Wire support fence having at least 6 horizontal wires, andbeing at least 14 gauge wire have performed satisfactorily. Vertical wiresshould be a maximum of 150 mm (0.5 ft) apart.8.2 Construction:8.2.1 Trench ConstructionThe bottom of the silt fencegeotextile
23、 shall be buried in a “J” configuration to a minimumdepth of 150 mm (6 in.) in a trench so that no flow can passunder the silt fence. Backfill the trench and compact the soilover the geotextile so that the compacted soil completely fillsthe trench. (See Fig. 1.)8.2.2 Soil Slicing ConstructionInsert
24、the geotextile in aslit in the soil 0.2 to 0.3 m (8 to 12 in.) deep so that no flow canpass under the silt fence. Create the slit such that a horizontalchisel point (approx. 76 mm/3 in. wide) at the base of a soilslicing blade (approx. 18 mm/0.75 in. wide) slightly disruptssoil upward as the blade s
25、lices through the soil. This upwarddisruption minimizes horizontal compaction and creates anoptimal soil condition for mechanical compaction against thegeotextile. Mechanically insert the geotextile directly behindthe soil slicing blade in a simultaneous operation, achievingconsistent placement and
26、depth. (See Fig. 2.)8.2.3 Splice the geotextile together only at support posts.Two sections of fence may be overlapped or alternativelyspliced as long as there are no gaps, voids, or other loss ofintegrity of the barrier.8.2.4 Place the posts at spacing as shown on the projectplans. Drive posts or p
27、lace a minimum of 500 mm (1.65 ft) intothe ground. Increase depth to 600 mm (2 ft) if fence is placedon a slope of 3H:1V or greater.NOTE 3Where 500 mm (1.65 ft) depth is impossible to attain, theposts should be adequately secured to prevent overturning of the fence dueto sediment loading.8.2.5 Faste
28、n the support fence securely to the upslope sideof the fence post. The support fence shall extend from theground surface to the top of the geotextile.8.2.6 When self-supported fence is used, securely fasten thegeotextile to fence posts.8.2.7 Silt fences should be continuous and transverse to theflow
29、. The silt fence should follow the contours of the site asclosely as possible. Place the fence such that the water cannotrunoff around the end of the fence.NOTE 4Commonly, silt fence is limited to handle an area equivalentto 90 m2/3 m (100 ft2/10 ft) of fence. Caution is used where the site slopeFIG
30、. 1 Typical Silt Fence Installation DetailD6462 03 (2008)2is greater than 1H: 1V, and water flow rates exceed 3 L/s/3 m (50gal/min/10 ft) of fence.8.2.8 CompactionWhen assembling silt fence on-site,compaction prior to installing posts is recommended. Compactthe backfill soil immediately next to the
31、silt fence geotextile.Compact the upstream side first, and then the downstream side.When installing pre-assembled silt fence, care shall be taken tosufficiently compact soil adjacent to the installed geotextile andposts. The soil adjacent to the buried silt fence geotextile shallbe compacted to achi
32、eve no less than 50% of its original insitustrength when measured using a suitably calibrated hand-heldpenetrometer or shear vane, unless a more appropriate com-paction measurement technique and associated compactioncriteria is directed by the engineer.NOTE 5Installed posts may interfere with compac
33、tion by largeequipment adjacent to the silt fence. Compaction is commonly accom-plished with the front wheel of a tractor, skid steer, roller or other device,as well as with manual tamping or other manual means.8.3 Maintenance:8.3.1 The contractor shall inspect all temporary silt fencesimmediately a
34、fter each rainfall, and at least daily duringprolonged rainfall. Any deficiencies shall be immediatelycorrected by the contractor.8.3.1.1 The contractor shall also make a daily review of thelocation of silt fences in areas where construction activitieshave altered the natural contour and drainage ru
35、noff to ensurethat the silt fences are properly located for effectiveness.Wheredeficiencies exist as determined by the engineer, additional siltfence shall be installed as directed by the engineer.8.3.1.2 Repair damaged or otherwise ineffective silt fencesor replace promptly.8.3.2 Either remove sedi
36、ment deposits when the depositreaches half the height of the fence, or install a second siltfence as directed by the engineer.8.3.3 The silt fence shall remain in place until the engineerdirects it be removed. Upon removal the contractor shallremove and dispose of any excess sediment accumulations,d
37、ress the area to give it a pleasing appearance, and vegetate allbare areas in accordance with contract requirements.8.3.3.1 Removed silt fence may be used at other locationsprovided the geotextile and other material requirements con-tinue to be met to the satisfaction of the engineer.9. Keywords9.1
38、geotextile; silt fence; sediment controlASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the
39、 riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of
40、 this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldm
41、ake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained
42、 by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 2 Typical Silt Fence Installation Using Soil SlicingD6462 03 (2008)3
