1、Designation: E2644 08Standard Specification forPodisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2644; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers information on and the testmethod for quantification of commercial containers of thepredatory bug Podis
3、us maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae), predator of lepidopteran and coleopteran lar-vae.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2200 Specification for Information
4、 Included with Packag-ing of Multi-Cellular Biological Control Organisms(Withdrawn 2010)33. Terminology3.1 life stage when shippedimmature.3.2 name of productPodisus maculiventris (Say)3.3 carriershredded paper, wood shavings or vermiculite3.4 preferred host preylepidopteran and coleopteran lar-vae.
5、4. Classification4.1 PhylumArthropoda.4.2 ClassInsecta.4.3 OrderHemiptera.4.4 FamilyPentotomidae.4.5 GenusPodisus.4.6 Speciesmaculiventris.5. Summary of Test Method (Determining Number of P.maculiventris per Container)5.1 This test method describes a method of counting thenumber of P. maculiventris
6、packaged in vermiculite, shreddedpaper or wood shavings carrier.5.2 The number of living P. maculiventris will be deter-mined by examining a minimum of three containers anddetermining the mean value. In each container, live contami-nants will be identified and recorded.6. Significance and Use6.1 The
7、 efficacy of lepidopteran and coleopteran larvalpredation by P. maculiventris depends on accurate releasenumbers of insects and absence of live product contaminants.Accurate packaging and maintenance of purity and viability ofP. maculiventris shipments is, therefore, essential for theeffective manag
8、ement of the target pest. This test method isintended for use by producers and users of the specifiedbiological control agent. It is complementary to the qualityguidelines for Podisus maculiventris that were developed bythe International Organization of Biological Control and pub-lished in Lenteren,
9、 J.C. van (ed.), 2003.47. Materials7.1 Plastic tray.7.2 A hand counter.7.3 A wire screen of 0.25 cm grid size in frame.7.4 Clear snap-top plastic bottles (30 dram recommended).8. Test Unit8.1 A single container with P. maculiventris is considered atest unit. For large shipments, a minimum of three c
10、ontainersper shipment are to be randomly selected from the shippingbox.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 onPesticides and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular (Metazoan) Biological ControlOrganis
11、ms.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. DOI: 10.1520/E2644-08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summa
12、ry page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4van Lenteren, et al., “Guidelines for Quality Control of Commercially ProducedNatural Enemies,” Quality Control and Production for Biological Control AgentsTheory and Testing Procedures, J
13、.C. van Lenteren, Ed., CABI Publishing, 2003, pp.278279.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (www.astm.or
14、g) for the latest information19. Pre-Test and Test Conditions9.1 Store containers with P. maculiventris between 5 to10C, relative humidity 60 to 90 %, for a minimum of1handmaximum of 24 h prior to examination. Test to be conductedunder normal lighting at room temperature 15 to 20C.10. Sampling10.1 S
15、pecify the number of insects expected in each test unitas indicated on the package before commencing test.11. Counting Procedure11.1 CountingTo accurately count the total number ofinsects, gently tap the bottom of container on a hard surface toremove all insects clinging to the lid. Empty the entire
16、 contentsof the bottle onto the wire screen to separate vermiculite frominsects and/or to remove any other packing material. Tappingthe container and collecting tray on a hard surface will causethe insects to drop to the bottom of the containers to preventescape during the counting procedure. Begin
17、counting thenumber of living, active P. maculiventris by hand, sorting oneby one from one side of the counting tray into a secondcontainer while tallying with the hand counter. For ease incounting, use several clear snap-top plastic bottles to containinsects during the counting procedure.11.2 Purity
18、During the counting procedure, record any livearthropod contaminants.12. Calculation12.1 The following formula is used to estimate the meannumber of insects per test unit:x 5(n(1)where:x = mean number of insects per test unit, = sum of counts of each test unit, andn = total number of samples examine
19、d.12.2 Interpretation of ResultsThe mean value of the threetest units should be equal to or greater than the numberspecified on the package.12.3 No contaminants should be present.12.4 If any of above conditions are not met, the shipment isconsidered below standard.13. Precision and Bias13.1 The prec
20、ision and bias of these test methods have notbeen determined.14. Keywords14.1 Podisus maculiventris; predatory bug; purity; quantityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard
21、 are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif n
22、ot revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which
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