1、Designation: E2645 08Standard Specification forFeltiella acarisuga (Vallot) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2645; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers information on and the testmethod for determining purity, sex ratio and number of adultsreleased from c
3、ommercial containers of the predatory midgeFeltiella acarisuga (Vallot) (Diptera: Cecidomyidae).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2200 Specification for Information I
4、ncluded with Packag-ing of Multi-Cellular Biological Control Organisms(Withdrawn 2010)33. Terminology3.1 life stage when shippedpupae in cocoons.3.2 name of productFeltiella acarisuga (Vallot)3.3 carrierfolded paper or bean leaves3.4 preferred host preyspidermites4. Classification4.1 PhylumArthropod
5、a.4.2 ClassInsecta.4.3 OrderDiptera.4.4 FamilyCecidomyiidae.4.5 GenusFeltiella.4.6 Speciesacarisuga.5. Summary of Test Method (Determining the Purity, SexRatio, and Number of Adults Released fromContainers of F. acarisuga)5.1 This test method describes a method of counting thenumber of F. acarisuga
6、adult midges released from pupae incocoons packaged on paper or leaf, determining purity and sexratio of adults. This test method is used to test a standardcommercial package of 250 midges sold as pupae in cocoonson folded paper or bean leaves. Adult midges are allowed toemerge over a ten day period
7、, are counted and sex ratiodetermined.5.2 The number of F. acarisuga midges released from pupaein cocoons will be determined by examining a minimum ofthree containers and determining the mean value. Any liveparasitoid or arthropod product contaminants will be recorded.6. Significance and Use6.1 The
8、efficacy of spidermite control by F. acarisugadepends on accurate release numbers of midges, presence ofmale and female adults, and absence of live productcontaminants, especially parasitoids of F. acarisuga. (Accuratepackaging and maintenance of purity and viability of F.acarisuga shipments is, the
9、refore, essential for the effectivemanagement of the target pest.) This test method is intendedfor use by producers and users of the specified biologicalcontrol agent. It is complementary to the quality guidelines forFeltiella acarisuga that were developed by the InternationalOrganization of Biologi
10、cal Control and published in Lenteren,J.C. van (ed.), 2003.47. Materials7.1 Dissecting microscope or headband magnifier (7 to10).7.2 Clear polyethylene storage bag, 2 L volume.7.3 Yellow sticky cards, 50 cm2.7.4 Twist-ties.7.5 Fine pointed paint brush.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of
11、 ASTM Committee E35 onPesticides and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular (Metazoan) Biological ControlOrganisms.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. DOI: 10.1520/E2645-08.2For referenced ASTM standards,
12、 visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4van Len
13、teren, et al., “Guidelines for Quality Control of Commercially ProducedNatural Enemies,” Quality Control and Production for Biological Control AgentsTheory and Testing Procedures, J.C. van Lenteren, Ed., CABI Publishing, 2003, pp.278279.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
14、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information18. Test Unit8.1 A single container with F. acarisuga is considered a testunit. This test
15、is designed for standard shipments of 250midges. In large shipments, a minimum of three containersshould be chosen at random for testing.9. Pre-Test and Test Conditions9.1 Store containers with F. acarisuga at 5C, relativehumidity 60 to 90 %, for a maximum of 24 h prior tocommencing test. During tes
16、ts, use temperature of 22 to 25Cand light regime of 16 L:8 D (out of direct sunlight).10. Sampling10.1 Specify the number of adults that are expected toemerge from each test unit as indicated on the package beforecommencing test.11. Sample Preparation and Treatment11.1 Total adult emergence is check
17、ed over a ten day period.Take a 2 Lclear polyethylene bag, prop it open, and adhere oneyellow sticky card to the inside top half of the bag, leavingsufficient space at the top for it to fasten. Draw the open endthrough the air to get as much air into the bag as possible (butdo not use your breath to
18、 blow it up), then pinch the top of thebag shut and tie a twist-tie far enough down the bag to force theair to inflate the lower two-thirds of the bag. This makes aself-supporting “cage” in which it is easy to observe midges asthey emerge. Open the bag and place contents of the F.acarisuga shipping
19、container in the bottom of the bag andtwist-tie it again so it remains filled with air.12. Counting Procedure12.1 Count dead adult midges in the bag and on the surfaceof the sticky card. Seal the sticky card with the opposite side ofthe plastic bag for ease in counting and to determine sex ratio.12.
20、2 PurityDuring the counting process, check for purityby examining the inside of the bag and surface of yellow stickycard for insect or mite contaminants. If live contaminants arefound, identify and record these. Examine empty pupal casesfor ragged emergence holes indicating presence of hy-menopteran
21、 parasitoids and record observations.13. Sex Ratio13.1 The sex ratio may be determined by tallying femalesand males from dead adults on the yellow sticky card from thequantity test. The female midges are easily distinguished fromthe males as females have short antennae without hairs whilemales have
22、long curved hairy antennae.14. Calculation14.1 The following formula is used to estimate the meannumber of insects per test unit:x 5(n(1)where:x = mean number of insects per test unit, = sum of counts of each test unit, andn = total number of samples examined.14.2 Interpretation of ResultsThe mean v
23、alue of the threetest units should be equal to or greater than the numberspecified on the package.14.3 No contaminants should be present, however, lownumbers of Tetranynchus urticae and Phytosieulus persimiliswould not result in rejection of the product.14.4 Sex ratio should be equal to or greater t
24、han 40 %females.14.5 If any of above conditions are not met, the shipment isconsidered below standard.15. Precision and Bias15.1 The precision and bias of these test methods have notbeen determined.16. Keywords16.1 Feltiella acarisuga; predatory midge; purity; quantity;spider mites; sex ratioASTM In
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26、ly their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand s
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28、tandards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2645 082
