1、Designation: F1856 04 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Practice forDetermining Toner Usage for Printer Cartridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers a procedure to determine the weightof toner used for printing a single page derived from anelectrophot
3、ographic process. The practice uses a printer texttarget specifically developed for each printer for a pagecoverage of 5 6 0.5 % of the printable area. This practicerequires specific tools and skills for disassembling and reas-sembling printer cartridges.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are
4、 to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility
5、of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F335 Terminology Relating to Electrostatic Imaging3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to T
6、his Standard:3.1.1 toner usageamount of toner (milligrams per print)removed from the toner hopper during the printing of one page.4. Summary of Practice4.1 An electrophotographic printer utilizing an all-in-onesupply cartridge is set up to determine the toner used for asingle page of print. A test p
7、age with 5 6 0.5 % text printoutput for the control cartridge is used. 5 % text coverage ofthe printable area is the industry accepted average pagecoverage for office printers. The all-in-one cartridge is disas-sembled to separate the toner hopper from the waste tonercollection bin. The weight of th
8、e full toner hopper is measured.A specified number of prints are created on the printer usingthis cartridge and the weight of the used toner hopper ismeasured. The toner used for one print is calculated. Inaddition, the results can be used to estimate the total page yieldof the toner cartridge. A co
9、mparison can be made between thetoner used for the control cartridge and any other cartridgetested using this practice.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice can be used for the evaluation of new andremanufactured toner cartridges and their respective compo-nents used in an electrophotographic pro
10、cess.5.2 This test is suitable for research and development, andquality acceptance evaluations.6. Interferences6.1 Relative humidity can impact test results. The testshould be performed at a controlled temperature and humiditywithin the operating humidity range of the printer. This isusually between
11、 20 and 80 % RH.All equipment, and materialsshould be conditioned in the same temperature and relativehumidity for at least 24 h prior to testing.6.2 In comparative cartridge test the same test target (data)and printer must be used. The number of characters and thetype of characters, font and font s
12、ize have a direct affect ontoner consumption.6.3 The test pattern should not produce uneven wear on thecartridge components as this will affect the test results.6.4 Printer related items such as the power supply, densitycontrol settings, resolution enhancements, toner saver settings,economy mode set
13、tings, and laser optics may impact imagequality and toner consumption.6.5 Test printers should be in good mechanical and electri-cal condition. Preferably, printers with a continuous history ofpreventative maintenance should be used. Any printer failurescan invalidate the test.6.6 A calibrated balan
14、ce must be used to obtain weights.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.04 onElectrostatic Imaging Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 1
15、998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F1856 041. DOI:10.1520/F1856-04R09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary pag
16、e onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information16.7 T
17、he techniques used for cartridge disassembly shouldavoid toner spillage and ensure accurate toner weight measure-ments.7. Equipment and Materials7.1 Electrophotographic Test Printer, suitable for testingpurposes.7.2 Printer Data System, capable of supplying a 5 6 0.5 %text page for the specific test
18、 printer based on the controlcartridge (average original printer manufacturers cartridge).This 5 6 0.5 % test target data can be created by printing textand determining the page coverage with a calibrated scanningor digital display device. Software and a computer program tocalculate the coverage wil
19、l be required. The amount of text ischanged and the process repeated until a 5 6 0.5 % coverageof the printable area is obtained. The printable area is 8 by 10in. (0.203 by 0.254 m) making is usable for standard letter andA4 paper sizes. The specific test data must be created for eachprinter model a
20、nd manufacturer. Test input devices and 5 60.5 % text test target data3for specific printers are available.7.3 Reference Cartridge, that produces a 5 6 0.5 % cover-age text page on the specific test printer.7.4 Test Cartridge, designed for use in the test printer.7.5 Balance, capable of measuring th
21、e cartridge toner hop-per with a precision of 60.1 g and readability of 0.1 g.7.6 Conditioned Paper, that meets the requirements of theprinter. This same paper type and manufacturer should be usedfor all comparative tests.7.7 Special tools and instructions for disassembling andreassembling the print
22、er cartridge.8. Procedure8.1 Select the cartridge to be tested. Remove the seal, if any.Separate the hopper from the waste bin and measure the fullhopper weight, Wfhin grams.8.2 Measure and record the temperature and humidity in thetest area.8.3 Set up the test printer. Set the printer for the “fact
23、orydefault” print mode. Do not use the “toner saver mode.” Setand record the printer attributes that can affect the print quality.The attributes may include: density, resolution, resolutionenhancement, etc. Use a separate, known good cartridge toverify that the printer is working properly. Check tha
24、t the 5 60.5 % test target source is operating.8.4 Run 1000 sheets of the conditioned paper using the testtarget data specific to the test printer.8.5 Remove the cartridge from the printer, separate thehopper from the waste bin and measure in grams the usedhopper weight, Wuf.9. Calculation9.1 Calcul
25、ate the toner used and the toner usage per page:toner used (g) = (WfhWuf)toner used per page (g) = (WfhWuf)/1000and:toner usage (mg/page) = (WfhWuf)10. Report10.1 Report test conditions (temperature and humidity),measured weights, cartridge identification, printer setup con-ditions, printer identifi
26、cation, test target data identification andthe toner usage.11. Interpretation of Results11.1 The toner usage determined by this test method relatesonly to the conditions used. It is useful in making comparisonsbetween cartridges. Variations can be expected according to theinterferences described in
27、Section 6.11.2 For longer life cartridges with expected print count inexcess of 2000 prints some variation in the toner usage may beexpected. To report an estimate of the number prints for theavailable toner, an average of several tests is required. Forexpected usage less than 8000 prints, run the t
28、est (Sections 8,9 and 10)at13 and again at23 of the total expected prints. Forexpected usage greater than 8000 prints, run the test (Sections8, 9 and 10)at14,12, and again at34 of the total expectedprints. Use the average of the test results for calculating theestimate.11.3 The average page yield fo
29、r the cartridge can beestimated by dividing the total weight of the available toner bythe average toner usage per print. The available toner isdetermined by calculating the difference between the initialtoner weight and the remaining toner weight at end of usableprinting.12. Keywords12.1 cartridge;
30、electrophotographic; laser printer; non-impact printer; toner; toner usage3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Static Control Components, Inc. 3010 LeeAvenue, Sanford, NC 27330. If you areaware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
31、ASTM Interna-tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.F1856 04 (2009)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
32、in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and m
33、ust be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of t
34、heresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
35、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F1856 04 (2009)3
