1、Designation: F2349 04 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Practice forOperation and Maintenance of Integrated Natural GasPipelines and Optical Fiber Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the operation and maintenance ofnatural gas distribution and s
3、ervice pipelines containing opticalfiber cable and the operation and maintenance of the opticalfiber system.1.2 This practice applies to distribution and service linesused to transport natural gas.1.3 This practice does not apply to natural gas transmissionlines.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound u
4、nits are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pr
5、actices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Referenced Documents:ANSI Z 117.1-2003 Safety Requirements for ConfinedSpaces2CFR 49 Code of Federal RegulationsTitle 49, Part 1923IEC 60825-1 Ed. 1.2 en 2001, Safety of Laser ProductsPart 1: E
6、quipment Classification, Requirements and Us-ers Guide4IEC 60050-731 Electrotechnical Vocabulary: Optical FiberCommunications4OSHA Regulation 29 CFR Part 1910.146, Permit-RequiredConfined Spaces53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 CFRU.S. Code of Federal Regulations.3.1.2 class locationthe specific
7、criteria for Class Loca-tions 1, 2, 3, and 4 as defined in CFR 49, Part 192.5.3.1.3 conduitplastic tubing used to house optical fibercable that is connected to, but not inside of, a pipeline.3.1.4 confined spacean enclosed area that is large enoughand so configured that a person can bodily enter and
8、 has thefollowing characteristics: (1) its primary function is somethingother than human occupancy, and (2) has restricted entry andexit. (Restricted entry and exit is a physical configurationwhich requires the use of hands or contortion of the body toenter into or exit from a confined space.)3.1.5
9、covered tasksas defined in CFR 49, Part192.801 (b): “an activity, identified by the operator, that isperformed on a pipeline; is an operations and maintenancetask; is performed as a requirement of this part and affectsoperation or integrity of the pipeline.”3.1.6 designated control point (DCP)specif
10、ic documentedlocations in the pipeline system where the operations plandesignates the control of gas.3.1.7 distribution linesa pipeline other than a gathering ortransmission line.3.1.8 emergency incidentan emergency incident may in-volve fire, damage to underground facilities, explosion, gasleak, in
11、jury, death, gas outage, district pressure problems,hazardous or toxic material spills, or response by fire, police, orother agencies.3.1.9 hot tappinga procedure for cutting or tapping into agas pipeline under pressure.3.1.10 innerductplastic tubing used to house optical fibercable inside a natural
12、 gas pipeline.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technologyand Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.10on Optical Fiber Systems within Existing Infrastructure.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally app
13、rovedin 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2349 04. DOI: 10.1520/F2349-04R10.2Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N.
14、 Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.5Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),
15、200Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http:/www.osha.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (
16、www.astm.org) for the latest information13.1.11 operatora person who engages in the transporta-tion of gas.3.1.12 operator qualification programthe minimum re-quirements for operator qualification of individuals performingcovered tasks on a pipeline. The general requirements aredescribed in CFR 49,
17、Part 192.801.3.1.13 optical fiber cablea cable formed of one or morestrands of optical fiber for transmission of data, video, audio,voice, or other information.3.1.14 optical fiber cable ownerthe entity holding legalrights to, and responsible for the operation and maintenance of,the optical fiber ca
18、ble. The owner is also responsible foroperation and maintenance of any components associated withthe optical fiber system that are not part of the pipeline asdefined in this standard.3.1.15 optical fiber systema group of components thatcomprise the elements necessary to enable optical fiber cable to
19、be installed, maintained, and operated inside a natural gaspipeline. The optical fiber system owner and pipeline operatorare typically one and the same entity.3.1.16 pipelineall parts of those physical facilities throughwhich gas moves in transportation, including pipe, valves, andother appurtenance
20、 attached to pipe, compressor units, meter-ing stations, regulator stations, delivery stations, holders, andfabricated assemblies.3.1.17 service linea distribution line that transports gasfrom a common source of supply to (1) a customer meter or theconnection to a customers piping, whichever is fart
21、herdownstream, or (2) the connection to a customers piping ifthere is no customer meter.3.1.18 transmission linea pipeline, other than a gatheringline, that (1) transports gas from a gathering line or storagefacility to a distribution center, storage facility, or (2) largevolume customer that is not
22、 downstream from a distributioncenter, or operates at a hoop stress of 20 percent or more ofspecified minimum yield strength.3.1.19 vaulta manhole, hand hole, or other enclosure usedto store slack-loops of cable or fiber cable splice location, orboth.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A gas pipeline containi
23、ng optical fiber systems must beoperated and maintained in a cost-effective manner with nosignificant negative impacts on gas customer service whilemaintaining or improving pipeline integrity and safety toemployees, customers, and the public. In addition, the opera-tion and maintenance of the optica
24、l fiber system and opticalfiber cable must be accomplished with minimal impact oncustomers using the optical fibers for communication purposesand at an acceptable cost. In order to meet these criteria, thefittings, tools, and practices used to deploy and maintain anoptical fiber system in gas pipeli
25、nes must be well designed andemployees responsible for implementation effectively trainedto perform the required tasks. The areas specifically addressedin this standard practice are:4.1.1 General safety considerations;4.1.2 Emergency response procedures, including gascontrol, emergency pipe repair,
26、and communication proce-dures;4.1.3 Routine pipeline operation and maintenance activities,including service and main connections, pipe repair, leakdetection, and leak inspection;4.1.4 Routine optical fiber system operations and mainte-nance activities;4.1.5 Cable and conduit marking; and4.1.6 Operat
27、or qualification.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended to assist optical fiber cableowners and pipeline operators in developing operating andmaintenance procedures and practices for the secondary use ofgas pipelines as conduits for optical fiber cables. It must bekept in mind that the
28、 primary use of gas pipelines is fortransportation of natural gas and any secondary use of thesystem must not materially impact the primary function. It isthe responsibility of the optical fiber cable owner and pipelineoperator to decide how best to integrate operating and main-tenance procedures fo
29、r the pipeline, the optical fiber system,and the optical fiber cable so that safety is not compromised,customers are served in the best way possible, and incrementalcosts are minimized.5.2 Since the practice of integrating gas pipeline facilitiesand fiber optics for telecommunications purposes is a
30、new andemerging activity, this standard will help establish guidelinesfor its rapid and safe deployment and will ensure that thefacilities installed are maintained to operate on a long-termbasis.6. Operations and Maintenance6.1 General Safety Considerations:6.1.1 Employ proper grounding procedures w
31、hen workingon or near gas pipelines.6.1.2 Take necessary steps to prevent buildup of staticelectricity during fiber cable system operations near gaspipelines. This includes operations involving pulling innerductor optical fiber cable into the gas pipeline.6.1.3 When working with optical fiber cables
32、, care must betaken to avoid fiber penetration through the skin or laser-induced eye damage. For specific guidelines, refer toIEC 60825-1, Ed. 1.2, en 2001.6.1.4 Always check for the presence of gas prior to andduring work on optical fiber systems or optical fiber cable thatare connected to, contigu
33、ous with, or in the vicinity of gaspipelines.6.2 Mapping and Record-Keeping:6.2.1 Each pipeline operator must keep adequate records ofthe type and location of all parts of the optical fiber system thatare part of the pipeline. The operator should consider recordinghigh consequence areas (in accordan
34、ce with CFR 49) whereoptical fiber systems are located.6.2.2 Records may be in the form of maps, drawings, notes,or any combination thereof.F2349 04 (2010)26.2.3 The records must be available to the local operatingpersonnel responsible for the pipeline where the optical fibersystem is deployed.6.2.4
35、 Records should be employed by the pipeline operatorto minimize the possibility that the optical fiber system isinadvertently damaged by pipeline operator activities.6.3 Emergency Response Procedures Involving PipelineFacilities and Optical Fiber Systems:6.3.1 Standard RequirementsThe pipeline opera
36、tor mustadhere to emergency procedures as required by CFR 49,Subpart F, Part 192.615. These procedures must be modified toaccount for any special conditions or tools needed to deal withemergency responses to pipelines containing optical fibercable.6.3.2 On-Site Management ControlFor emergency inci-d
37、ents where there is a possibility of an unsafe conditioninvolving natural gas or natural gas facilities, the pipelineoperator employee on site must control all activities related tothe incident and is required to follow their written emergencyprocedures. This means that any optical fiber cable owner
38、representative present at the emergency site must consult withand defer to the pipeline operator regarding any proposedactivity at or near the site. The pipeline operator will take stepsto stabilize the emergency incident to eliminate any relatedsafety issues as quickly as possible so that the optic
39、al fibercable owner may take necessary steps to deal with any fibercable issues, including installation of a temporary cable bypassconnection in or near the emergency incident location.6.3.3 Incorporating Optical Fiber System Design intoEmergency Response Procedures:6.3.3.1 Use of Designated Control
40、 Points (DCP)An opti-cal fiber system should be designed such that fiber cable exitand re-entry points afford an adequate space on the pipe toinstall one or more gas stopping fittings or to pinch close thepipe. At such locations, between exit and re-entry points in thepipe, fiber cable is not presen
41、t and any conventional method ofgas control is acceptable.NOTE 1Polyethylene pipe used in natural gas pipelines is generallydesigned to allow pinching only once at a given location.6.3.3.2 Design Distance Between DCPsThe recom-mended maximum distance between pairs of exit and re-entryfittings should
42、 be chosen to minimize the requirements tocontrol gas within the span length during emergency incidents.The pipeline operator should attempt to control gas at thesedesignated fitting exit and re-entry locations during an emer-gency incident to avoid optical fiber cable damage. In manycases, effectiv
43、e control of a pipeline can be achieved withoutcable damage if the exit and re-entry fitting pairs are located nomore than 1500 feet apart. In some cases, the pipeline operatormay choose to reduce this maximum spacing depending onlocal conditions, and class location present.6.3.3.3 Controlling Gas W
44、ithout DCPsIf desired, a pipe-line operator may also base emergency control procedures oncontrolling gas at locations in the pipe where optical fiber cableis present. However, damage of the optical fiber cable mayoccur and gas flow may not be stopped unless speciallydesigned stopping fittings and pi
45、nching machines are used.These special tools may be available from optical fiber systemvendors or vendors of conventional pipeline gas stopping tools.6.3.3.4 If the operator controls gas at a location whereinnerduct is present by use of a pinching or stopping device,procedure should require checking
46、 the innerduct to ensure it isnot damaged so that it becomes pressurized with gas (see6.3.6). If it does, control gas in the innerduct using proceduresdeveloped or approved by the operator.6.3.4 Notification and Communication between PipelineOperator and Optical Fiber Cable Owner:6.3.4.1 Notificatio
47、n ContactsThe pipeline operator andoptical fiber cable owner or designee will notify each respec-tive party of emergency incidents related to natural gas,pipeline facilities, or the optical fiber system. Usually, thepipeline operator will become aware of a gas facility-relatedemergency incident firs
48、t and should notify the optical fibercable owner representative in a manner covered in a writtenagreement between the parties. Likewise, if the optical fibercable owner detects an optical fiber cable or innerduct breaklocated in a gas pipeline through its monitoring equipment, itshall immediately no
49、tify the pipeline operator.6.3.4.2 Conditions for NotificationIf possible, the pipelineoperator will contact the optical fiber cable owner prior toaction being taken if:(1) The pipeline operator must take action on the gaspipeline that may damage the optical fiber system,(2) The damaged gas line contains optical fiber cable, and(3) There is a possibility that assistance by the optical fibercable owner may be required, but no immediate action isnecessary.6.3.4.3 Documentation of Communication ProtocolAwritten guideline should be developed
