1、Designation: F2648/F2648M 17Standard Specification for2 to 60 inch 50 to 1500 mm Annular Corrugated ProfileWall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land DrainageApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2648/F2648M; the number immediately following the designation indicat
2、es the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements and t
3、est methodsfor annular corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe andfittings with an interior liner. The inside diameters covered are2 to 60 in. 50 to 1500 mm.1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovide non-pressure (gravity flow) pipe and fittings suitablefor underground use f
4、or subsurface and land drainage systems,which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads.NOTE 1Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-tion are be installed in compliance with Practice D2321 or Practice F449based on diameter limitations within the respective standards.NOTE 2S
5、ubsurface and land drainage systems pertain principally tonon-municipal or private facilities for water table control, storm drainageand agricultural drainage applications. The products supplied under thisspecification are not intended for any sanitary sewer or municipal stormsewer applications.1.3
6、This specification covers pipe and fittings with aninterior liner using an annular exterior corrugated profile (Fig.1).1.4 This specification permits the use of recycled materialsfor pipe in accordance with the requirements in Section 5.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in either inch-pound units orSI unit
7、s are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to addr
8、ess all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was devel
9、oped in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Docu
10、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplas-tic Pipe for Sewers and Ot
11、her Gravity-Flow ApplicationsD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D3350 Specification for Polye
12、thylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-tings MaterialsD4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon BlackContent in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-Furnace TechniqueD5630 Test Method for Ash Content in PlasticsD7399 Test Method for Determination of the Amount ofPolypropylene (PP) in Polypropylene/LDPE M
13、ixtures Us-ing Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) (Withdrawn2017)3F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF449 Practice for Subsurface Installation of CorrugatedPolyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or WaterTable Control1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
14、F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on LandDrainage.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published February 2018. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2648/F2648M 13.DOI: 10.1520/F2648_F2648M-17.2For referenced ASTM
15、 standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.o
16、rg.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization e
17、stablished in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1F2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Res
18、is-tance of HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe2.2 American Association of Highway and TransportationOffcials4(AASHTO) AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications2.3 Federal Standards:5Fed. Stds. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and St
19、orage2.5 NCHRP (National Cooperative Highway Research Pro-gram) Report:6NCHRP Report 631 Updated Test and Design Methods forThermoplastic Drainage Pipe2.6 ISO Standard:7ISO 15270 Guidelines for Recovery and Recycling of PlasticWaste3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F41
20、2and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600,unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for polyethyleneis PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 buckling, vAny reverse curvature or deformation inthe pipe wall or profile element that reduces the load-carryingcap
21、acity of the pipe. For testing evaluations in this standard,buckling is defined as the buckling deflection limit, the pointwhere the pipe no longer sustains increasing or constant loadwith increasing deflection.3.2.2 inside diameter, nThe manufacturers stated pipeinside diameter (Table 1).4Available
22、 from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.5Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http:/quicksearch.dla.mil.6Transpo
23、rtation Research Board, The National Academies 500 Fifth Street, NWWashington, DC 20001. http:/www.TRB.org.7Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISOCentral Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,Geneva, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.FIG. 1
24、 Annular Corrugated Profile Wall Polyethylene Pipe with Interior LinerTABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe DimensionsPipe Inside DiameterAMinimum Pipe Stiffness at 5% Deflection Minimum Inner Liner Thicknessinch mm lb/in/in kPa Inch mm2 50 50 345 0.020 0.53 75 50 345 0.020 0.54 100 50 345 0.020 0.56 150
25、50 345 0.020 0.58 200 50 345 0.024 0.610 250 50 345 0.024 0.612 300 50 345 0.035 0.915 375 42 290 0.040 1.018 450 40 275 0.051 1.321 525 38 260 0.060 1.524 600 34 235 0.060 1.527 675 30 205 0.060 1.530 750 28 195 0.060 1.536 900 22 150 0.067 1.742 1050 20 140 0.071 1.848 1200 18 125 0.071 1.854 1350
26、 16 110 0.079 2.060 1500 14 97 0.079 2.0AInside Diameters for metric (SI) sizes are in direct Imperial equivalent dimensionsF2648/F2648M 1723.2.3 mold line, nA line formed on the product as a resultof the mold blocks parting during manufacturing, also referredto as a parting line.3.2.4 profile wall,
27、 nA pipe wall construction that presentsan interior liner in the waterway but includes ribs, corrugations,or other shapes, which can be either solid or hollow, that helpsbrace the pipe against diametrical deformation.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shouldincl
28、ude the following information to adequately describe thedesired product:4.1.1 This ASTM designation,4.1.2 Perforations:4.1.2.1 With perforations,4.1.2.2 Without perforations,4.1.3 Diameters,4.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,4.1.5 Pipe length,4.1.6 Fitting type(s):4.1.6.1 Size and ty
29、pe of fittings, including mainline andbranch diameters, and4.1.6.2 Number of fittings per diameter,4.1.7 Material designation,4.1.7.1 Virgin resin, and4.1.7.2 Recycled resin.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Virgin Resin Products:5.1.1 Pipe and FittingsThe pipe and fittings shall be madeof PE virgin p
30、lastic compound meeting the requirements of thefollowing cell classifications as defined and described inSpecification D3350:5.1.1.1 Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class424420C or 424420E (ESCR Test Condition B),5.1.1.2 Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class435420C or 435420E (ESCR Test
31、 Condition B).5.1.1.3 Environmental crack resistance shall be determinedin accordance with 7.8. When carbon black is used, the carbonblack content shall be equal to or greater than 2.0 % but notexceed 4.0 % when tested in accordance with Test MethodD4218. In all cases, the density of the PE plastic
32、withoutpigment shall not be less than 0.945gm/cc nor greater than0.955 gm/cc. Compounds that have a higher cell classificationin one or more properties shall be permitted provided all otherproduct requirements are met.5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture
33、of rotationally moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plasticcompound meeting the requirements of cell classification213320C or 213320E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined inSpecification D3350, except that the carbon black content shallbe equal to or greater than 2.0 % but not exce
34、ed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.5.1.3 Injection and Blow Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of injection mold
35、edfittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plasticcompound meeting the requirements of cell classification414420C or 414420E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined inSpecification D3350, except that the carbon black content shallbe equal to or greater than 2.0 % but not exceed 4 % whentested in
36、 accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.5.1.4 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own pipe and fittings production shallbe permitted
37、 to be used by the same manufacturer provided thatthe material meets the same or higher Specification D3350 cellclassification as the material required for the intended part andpipe or fittings to be produced under this specification.5.2 Recycled Resin Products:5.2.1 Recycled Resin PipeThe pipe cont
38、aining any post-consumer or industrial recycled materials shall be made of PEplastic compound as defined in ISO 15720 meeting therequirements of the following cell classifications as defined anddescribed in Specification D3350:5.2.1.1 Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class424400C or 424400E,5.2
39、.1.2 Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class435400C or 435400E.5.2.1.3 When carbon black is used, the carbon black contentshall be equal to or greater than 2 % but not exceed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more prope
40、rties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.For slow crack growth resistance, extruded pipe shall beevaluated using the notched constant ligament stress (NCLS)test according to the procedure described in 7.9. The averagefailure time of the five test specimens shall exceed
41、 12 h with nosingle test specimens failure time less than 9 h. Maximumlevel of polypropylene present by volume shall not be greaterthan 5 percent when tested in accordance with the proceduresin 7.10. Maximum ash content shall not be more than 2 % inaccordance with the procedures in 7.11.5.2.2 Recycl
42、ed Resin FittingsFittings made from recycledresins are not permitted under this standard.6. General Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be homoge-neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practicalin color, opacity and density. The pipe walls shall be free ofcracks, holes
43、, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or otherdefects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect thewall integrity. There shall be no delamination or separation ofthe inner liner and the profile. The ends shall be cut squarelyand cleanly. Holes intentionally placed in perforated pipe sha
44、llbe permitted.6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, obstruction toflow in perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:6.2.1 Inside DiameterThe average measured inside diam-eter for pipe and fittings shall not vary more than (+/) 1.0 %from the inside diameter
45、when measured in accordance with7.4.1.F2648/F2648M 173NOTE 3The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of productsmanufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-ity between pipe and fittings from different manufacturers or the samemanufacturer shall be verified.6.2.
46、2 LengthThe pipe shall be supplied in any lengthagreeable to both the owner and manufacturer. Length shall notbe less than 99 % of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 7.4.2.6.2.3 Minimum Inner Liner ThicknessThe minimum innerliner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirements given i
47、nTable 1 when measured in accordance with 7.4.3.6.2.4 PerforationsPerforations shall be cleanly cut, placedin the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformly spaced alongthe length and circumference of the pipe. Dimensions of theperforations and the minimum perforation inlet area shall be aslisted
48、in Table 2. Other perforation dimensions and configura-tions shall be permitted where required to meet the needs of thespecifier. All measurements shall be made in accordance with7.4.4. Pipe connected by bell and spigot joints shall not beperforated in the area of the bells and spigots.6.3 Pipe Stif
49、fnessMinimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflec-tion shall meet the requirements given in Table 2 when testedin accordance with 7.5.NOTE 4The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testingconvenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. Theengineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.6.4 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, breaking, separati
