1、Designation: F976 08Standard Specification forPortable Kerosene and Diesel Containers for ConsumerUse1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F976; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes nationally recognized per-formance requirements common to both kerosene and dieselportable containers
3、for reuse by the consumer. Only color andmarking are differentiated. The test medium specified forchemical resistance is kerosene due to the more aggressivenature of kerosene on elastomers and other materials ofconstruction.1.2 This specification does not include single-trip pre-packaged containers.
4、1.3 This standard is not a fire risk assessment standard, or afire test standard, but a specification for portable kerosenecontainers for consumer use.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to ad
5、dress all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. Additional precautionary information isgiven in Section
6、6.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD794 Practice for Determining Permanent Effect of Heat onPlastics (Withdrawn 1998)3D975 Specifica
7、tion for Diesel Fuel OilsD999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-tainersD2561 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Crack Resis-tance of Blow-Molded Polyethylene ContainersD2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor ApplicationsD3435 Specification for Plast
8、ic Containers (Jerry Cans) forPetroleum Products (Withdrawn 1987)3D3699 Specification for KerosineF926 Specification for Cautionary Labeling of PortableKerosine and Diesel Containers for Consumer UseF2234 Specification for Spill Resistant Fueling Systems forPortable Fuel Containers for Consumer UseG
9、23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus(Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposureof Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)32.2 ANSI Standard:B71.1b1977 Supplement to Safety Specifications for PowerLawn Mowers, Lawn and Garden Tractors, and LawnTractors43. Terminology3.1 Definit
10、ions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 diesel, na hydrocarbon mixture obtained from pe-troleum distillation with variations in pour point dependingupon make up as specifiedin Specification D975.3.1.2 kerosene, na hydrocarbon mixture obtained frompetroleum distillation as specified in Specific
11、ation D3699.3.1.3 portable kerosene/diesel containers, nvessels de-signed to be carried by hand and used to transport fuels fromdistribution point to use point.3.1.4 pouring vent, nthe part of the container enablingfree entry of air to replace the liquid being poured out.3.1.5 rated capacity, nthe v
12、olume indicated on the con-tainer. It may also be termed nominal capacity or maximumfilling level.3.1.6 spout, na component through which the contents ofthe container can be dispensed.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibi
13、lity of Subcommittee F15.10 onStandards for Flammable Liquid Containers.Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1984 as ES 8 84. Last previous edition approved in 2002 asF976 02. DOI: 10.1520/F0976-08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
14、 www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Nationa
15、l Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
16、Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information13.1.7 total volume, nrated capacity plus any remainingspace within the container.4. Requirements4.1 The container shall evidence good workmanship andmeet the following requirements:4.1.1 All container tests shall be conducted after
17、 closuresare secured with torque values specified in Specification F2234(see Table 1).4.2 ColorKerosene containers shall be predominately me-dium blue in color. Diesel containers shall be predominantlymedium yellow in color. Pigments, coatings, or other meansused to impart color shall not be affecte
18、d by kerosene.4.3 CapacityThe maximum rated capacity shall be 25 L(6.6 gal).4.3.1 The total volume of a container shall exceed its ratedcapacity by at least 5 %.4.3.2 Capacity shall be determined with the container andits contents at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F).4.4 StabilityEach container shall not upset wh
19、en tested inaccordance with 7.1.4.5 HandleEach container shall be provided with ahandle. The container shall not leak or evidence any handledetachment when tested in accordance with 7.2.4.6 Drop StrengthContainers shall show no evidence ofrupture, cracks, or leakage when tested in accordance with 7.
20、3.4.7 Internal PressureContainers shall show no evidenceof leakage when tested in accordance with 7.4.4.8 Durability:4.8.1 AgingThis requirement applies only to nonmetalliccontainers. The material for the container shall retain at least70 % of its original tensile strength when tested in accordancew
21、ith 7.5.1 and 7.5.2.4.8.2 PermeabilityThis requirement applies only to non-metallic containers. The filled container shall not have a weightloss greater than 1 % when tested in accordance with 7.6.4.8.3 Kerosene ResistanceThis requirement applies onlyto nonmetallic containers.The container material
22、shall show nopitting, crazing, softening, bubbling, cracking, tackiness, ordecomposition when tested in accordance with 7.7.1. Thematerial shall retain at least 60 % of its tensile yield strengthwhen tested in accordance with 7.7.2.4.8.4 Stress CrackingThis requirement applies only tocontainers mold
23、ed of polyethylene. The container shall notcrack in 120 h when tested in accordance with 7.8.4.8.5 Corrosion ResistanceThis requirement applies onlyto metal containers and/or metal components of containers. Noleakage shall be evident when tested in accordance with 7.9.4.8.6 Heat ResistanceThis requi
24、rement applies only tononmetallic containers. The container shall not leak whentested in accordance with 7.10.4.9 OpeningsOpenings in containers shall be providedwith a means of closure.4.9.1 PouringThe opening intended for pouring shallhave an integral pouring spout, or it shall accept a pouringspo
25、ut supplied with the container. The pouring spout shall bedesigned to permit kerosene to be poured without leakage.4.9.2 Pouring VentThe container shall be provided with avented pouring spout or other means for venting the containerduring pouring.4.9.3 FillingThe opening intended for filling the con
26、tainershall have a minimum inside diameter of 31.7 mm (1.25 in.).4.9.4 Kerosene ResistanceThis requirement applies onlyto nonmetallic components. Closures, pouring spout, ventingdevices, and gaskets shall be resistant to aging and the actionof kerosene when tested in accordance with 7.11.4.10 Closur
27、esClosures on the containers shall not leakwhen tested in accordance with 7.12.5. Retest and Rejection5.1 If any failure occurs, an additional container may betested if the failure is judged to be nonrepresentative ofproduction.6. Precautions6.1 Kerosene is used in some of the following tests. Cau-t
28、ionary standards for handling and disposal of hazardousmaterials should be observed. Containers containing keroseneshould not be opened in the presence of open flame or othersources of ignition.7. Test Methods7.1 StabilityFill a sample container with water at 23 62C (75 6 3.6F) to its rated capacity
29、 by volume. Secure theclosures as in transportation and storage. Place the containerwith its base on an inclined plane forming an angle of 20 withthe horizontal. During the test, rotate the container about itsvertical axis so that stability can be checked with the samplefacing any direction.7.2 Hand
30、le StrengthFill a sample container with anequivalent weight of water at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F) to itsrated kerosene capacity. Secure the closures as in transporta-tion and storage. Secure one end of a 9.5-mm (0.375-in.)diameter manila rope about 2 m (6.5 ft) long to a rigid point ofsuspension and attac
31、h the other end so as to distribute the loadacross the container handle. Suspend the container from therope for 1 min, then raise 305 mm (12 in.) from the suspendedposition and allow to fall freely.7.3 Drop Strength TestFill the container to its nominalcapacity with water at 23 6 2C(756 5 F) and sec
32、ure theclosures. Drop it, free fall, onto a flat, solid surface. Makedrops in the following sequence: one drop on the bottom, onedrop on a bottom corner, and one drop on a side. The distanceof fall shall be 1.8 m (6 ft). Make the same tests with anothercontainer filled with a blend of 50 % glycol an
33、d 50 % waterand with both the container and its contents cooled to18 6 1C(06 2 F). For these latter tests, the distance of fallshall be 1.2 m (4 ft).TABLE 1 Torque RequirementsOuter Diameter of Closure Closing Torque, Nm (lbfin.)Less than 51 mm (2 in.) 2.8 (25)51 mm (2 in.) and greater 5.6 (50)F976
34、082NOTE 1The location of the spout is considered to be the front of thecontainer. The side is considered to be approximately 90 to either left orright of the nozzle area.7.4 Internal Pressure Test:7.4.1 Hydrostatic Pressure TestFill the container to itstotal volume with water at 23 6 2C (75 6 5F) an
35、d secure theclosures. Increase the internal pressure to a gage pressure of138 kPa (20 psi) and maintain for 2 min. Conduct the same testwith a container filled to its total volume with water at60 6 3C (140 6 5F). For plastic containers, apply thepressure by inserting and securing an adapter through
36、a drilledhole in a flat, heavy section of the container wall, and not on apinch-off or parting line. For metal containers, the pressure canbe applied through the fill or pour closure.7.5 Aging TestPerform the following two tests. In bothtests, determine tensile strength in accordance with TestMethod
37、 D638 using five specimens and Speed C.7.5.1 Test 1Test the specimens for 2000 h in accordancewith Procedure B of Practice D2565 using Type B or BHapparatus or for 1400 h in accordance with Practice G23 usinga Type E carbon-arc weathering device (see Note 2). The testcycle for each method shall cons
38、ist of 102 min of lightfollowed by 18 min of light and spray. If Practice G23 is used,the blackbody temperature shall be 62.8C (145F). In cases ofdisagreement, Practice D2565 shall be the referee method.NOTE 2Limited data indicate that carbon-arc exposure is much moresevere than xenon-arc exposure;
39、therefore, less exposure time is requiredwhen using the carbon-arc equipment.7.5.2 Test 2Test the specimens for 60 days in accordancewith Recommended Practice D794, except that the oventemperature shall be 87 6 2C (189 6 3.6F).7.6 Permeability TestFill the container to its rated capac-ity with Speci
40、fication D3699 No. 1K Kerosene and secure theclosures. Weigh the container accurately. After storagefor 30 days at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F), reweigh the containerand calculate the weight loss.7.7 Kerosene Resistance Test:7.7.1 Visual TestUpon completion of the permeability testin 7.6, empty the container
41、 and cut apart in a manner to allowvisual inspection of all interior surfaces.7.7.2 Immersion TestCondition at least 20 specimens,taken from untested container, measuring about 125 mm (5 in.)by 16 mm (0.625 in.) at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F) for 18 h.Immerse specimen in Specification D3699 No. 1K Kerosene.
42、Use the remaining ten specimens as a control. Followingexposure for 30 days, remove ten specimens from the solutionand test to determine tensile yield strength in accordance withTest Method D638 using Speed C.7.8 Stress Cracking TestTest two containers in accordancewith Procedure B of Test Method D2
43、561, except do not exposethe outside of the containers to the stress cracking agent.7.9 Corrosion Resistance TestSix container samples shallbe filled to their nominal capacity with water. The closuresshall be secured as in transportation and storage. The contain-ers shall be tested in accordance wit
44、h Practice B117. Thecontainers shall be exposed to a spray of 5% salt solution for21 days, after which they shall be allowed to dry for4hatroom temperature.7.10 Container Material Heat Resistance TestDeterminethe resistance of the container filled with water to a momentaryexposure to heat and flame
45、in accordance with 7.10.1 and7.10.2. These test methods should be used to measure anddescribe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies inresponse to heat and flame under controlled laboratory con-ditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the firehazard or fire risk of materi
46、als, products, or assemblies underactual fire conditions.7.10.1 Test 1Fill a container completely with water at23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F). Adjust a 9.5-mm (38-in.) diameterbunsen burner, using natural gas having a calorific value ofapproximately 37 MJm3(1000 Btu/ft3) so that the outer blueflame is 25 mm (1
47、 in.) in length and the inner blue cone is 9.5mm (38 in.) long. The temperature of the flame just above theinner cone shall be a minimum of 930C (1700F) and thetemperature of the flame, 19 mm (34 in.) above the burner shallbe a minimum of 288C (550F). Tilt the burner about 18from the normal 90 impin
48、gement and hold the tip of theburner 19 mm (34 in.) away from the container for 75 s. Testthe container on the side, bottom, and any corner and examinefor leaks. If the design of the container is such that it cannot befilled completely with water, apply the flame only to thoseareas that are water ba
49、cked.7.10.2 Test 2Fill a container completely with water at23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F). Heat a 12.7-mm (12-in.) diameter steelrod, 150 mm (6 in.) long, to 260 6 6C (500 6 10.8F) andimmediately place on the bottom of an inverted container andallow it to cool to 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F). Repeat thisprocedure, except place the heated rod on a side wall of thecontainer. Examine the container for leaks.7.11 Kerosene Resistance Tests:7.11.1 A part made of an elastomer that may be affected byaging shall
