1、Designation: C142/C142M 17 American Association of StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No. T112Standard Test Method forClay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C142/C142M; the number immediately following the designation
2、indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the approximat
3、e determinationof clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combin
4、ingvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.NOTE 1Sieve sizes openings are identified by their Specification E11designation with their alternative Specification E11 designation given inparentheses for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address al
5、l of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance wi
6、th internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard
7、s:2C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200)Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices forDetermining Mass and Volume for Use in
8、the PhysicalTesting of Hydraulic CementsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, referto Terminology C125.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is of primary significance in determin-i
9、ng the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the require-ments of Specification C33/C33M.5. Apparatus5.1 BalanceA balance or scale accurate to within 0.1 % ofthe mass of the test sample at any point within the range of use.Balances shall conform to the accuracy of the applicablesections of Spec
10、ification C1005.5.2 ContainersRust-resistant containers of a size andshape that will permit the spreading of the sample on thebottom in a thin layer.5.3 SievesSieves conforming to Specification E11.5.4 Drying OvenAn oven providing free circulation of airand capable of maintaining a temperature of 11
11、0 6 5 C 2306 10 F.6. Samples6.1 Aggregate for this test method shall consist of thematerial remaining after completion of testing in accordancewith Test Method C117. To provide the quantities designated in6.3 and 6.4, it may be necessary to combine material frommore than one test by Test Method C117
12、.6.2 Dry the aggregate to substantially constant mass at atemperature of 110 6 5 C 230 6 10 F.6.3 Test samples of fine aggregate shall consist of theparticles coarser than a 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve and shall havea mass not less than 25 g.6.4 Separate the test samples of coarse aggregate intodifferent
13、 sizes, using the following sieves: 4.75-mm (No. 4),1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates.Current edition approved March 15, 2017. Published May 2017. Orig
14、inallyapproved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C142/C142M10.DOI: 10.1520/C0142_C0142M-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stan
15、dards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Dec
16、ision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.19.5-mm (38-in.), 19.0-mm (34-in.), and 37.5-mm (112-in.). Thetest sample shall have a mass not less than indicated in thef
17、ollowing table:Size of Particles Making UpTest SampleMass of Test Sample,min, g4.75 to 9.5-mm (No. 4 to38-in.) 10009.5 to 19.0-mm (38 to34-in.) 200019.0 to 37.5-mm (34 to 112-in.) 3000Over 37.5-mm (112-in.) 50006.5 In the case of mixtures of fine and coarse aggregates,separate the material on the 4.
18、75-mm (No. 4) sieve, andprepare the samples of fine and coarse aggregates in accor-dance with 6.3 and 6.4.7. Procedure7.1 Determine the mass of the test sample to the accuracyspecified in 5.1 and spread it in a thin layer on the bottom of thecontainer, cover it with distilled water, and soak it for
19、a periodof 24 6 4 h. Roll and squeeze particles individually betweenthe thumb and forefinger to attempt to break the particle intosmaller sizes. Do not use the fingernails to break up particles,or press particles against a hard surface or each other. Classifyany particles that can be broken with the
20、 fingers into finesremovable by wet sieving as clay lumps or friable particles.After all discernible clay lumps and friable particles have beenbroken, separate the detritus from the remainder of the sampleby wet sieving over the sieve prescribed in the following table:Size of Sieve for RemovingSize
21、of Particles Making Up Residue of Clay Lumps andSample Friable ParticlesFine aggregate (retained on1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve)850-m (No. 20)4.75 to 9.5-mm (No. 4 to38-in.) 2.36-mm (No. 8)9.5 to 19.0-mm (38 to34-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)19.0 to 37.5-mm (34 to 112-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)Over 37.5-mm (112-in.) 4.7
22、5-mm (No. 4)Perform the wet sieving by passing water over the samplethrough the sieve while manually agitating the sieve, until allundersize material has been removed.7.2 Remove the retained particles carefully from the sieve,dry to substantially constant mass at a temperature of 110 6 5C 230 6 10 F
23、, allow to cool, and determine the mass to thenearest 0.1 % of the mass of the test sample as defined in 6.3or 6.4.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the percent of clay lumps and friable particlesin fine aggregate or individual sizes of coarse aggregate asfollows:P 5 M 2 R!/M# 3100 (1)where:P = percent of
24、 clay lumps and friable particles,M = mass of test sample (for fine aggregate the mass of theportion coarser than the 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve asdescribed in 6.3), andR = mass of particles retained on designated sieve asdetermined in accordance with 7.2.8.2 For coarse aggregates, the percent of clay l
25、umps andfriable particles shall be an average based on the percent ofclay lumps and friable particles in each sieve size fractionweighted in accordance with the grading of the original samplebefore separation or, preferably, the average grading of thesupply represented by the sample. Should the aggr
26、egate con-tain less than 5 % of any of the sizes specified in 7.1, that sizeshall not be tested but, for the purpose of calculating theweighted average, shall be considered to contain the samepercent of clay lumps and friable particles as the next larger ornext smaller size, whichever is present.9.
27、Precision and Bias9.1 Precision3The estimate of the precision of this testmethod is provisional and is based on samples of one fineaggregate that was tested by ten different operators at ninedifferent laboratories. For that sample, the average “percent ofclay lumps and friable particles” in the aggr
28、egate was 1.2 %,and the standard deviation was 0.6 %. Based on this standarddeviation, the acceptable range of two test results on samplesfrom the same aggregate sent to different laboratories is 1.7 %.9.2 BiasSince there is no acceptable reference material fordetermining the bias for the procedure
29、in this test method, nostatement is being made.10. Keywords10.1 aggregates; clay lumps; friable particlesASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that
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32、l that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual repr
33、ints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C09-1016.C142/C142M 172
