1、Designation: B251/B251M 17Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper andCopper-Alloy Tube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B251/B251M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specificati
3、on covers a group of general require-ments common to several wrought product specifications.Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in anindividual specification, these general requirements shall applyto copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under SpecificationsB68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/
4、B135M, B466/B466M, B643and B743.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems ma
5、y result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the
6、World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B68/B68M Specification for Seamless Copper Tu
7、be, BrightAnnealedB75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper TubeB135/B135M Specification for Seamless Brass TubeB153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electroly
8、tic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB428 Test Method for Angle of Twist in Rectangular andSquare Copper and Copper Alloy TubeB466/B466M Specification for Seamless Copper-NickelPipe and TubeB643 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy SeamlessTub
9、eB743 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube in CoilsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Sign
10、ificant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain S
11、izeE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.1This specification is under the jurisdi
12、ction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originallyapproved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B251 10. DOI:10.1520/B0251_B0251M-17.2Fo
13、r referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is refere
14、nced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on
15、standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The material shall be of such quality and purity tha
16、t thefinished product shall have the properties and characteristicsprescribed in the applicable product specification listed inSection 1.4.2 The material shall be produced by either hot or coldworking operations, or both. It shall be finished, unlessotherwise specified, by such cold working and anne
17、aling orheat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified.5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations5.1 General:5.1.1 The standard method of specifying wall thicknessshall be in decimal fractions of an inch or millimeter.5.1.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with thedimensional r
18、equirements prescribed in this specification, anymeasured value outside the specified limiting values for anydimension shall be cause for rejection.5.1.3 Tolerances on a given tube shall be specified withrespect to any two, but not all three, of the following: outsidediameter, inside diameter, wall
19、thickness.5.1.4 When round tube is ordered by outside and insidediameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wallthickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed thevalues given in Table 1 by more than 50 %.NOTE 1Blank spaces in the tolerance tables indicate either that thematerial
20、 is not generally available or that no tolerances have beenestablished.5.2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-AlloyTubeWall thickness tolerances applicable to SpecificationsB68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743 for roundtubes only shall be in accordance with Table 1 or Table 2. Wallt
21、hickness tolerances for rectangular including square tubeapplicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M shallbe in accordance with Table 3 or Table 4.5.3 Diameter or Distance between Parallel Surfaces, Toler-ances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeDiameter toler-ances applicable to Specification
22、s B68/B68M, B75/B75M,B135/B135M, and B743 for round tubes only shall be inaccordance with Table 5 or Table 6. Tolerances on distancebetween parallel surfaces for rectangular including square tubeapplicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M shallbe in accordance with Table 7 and Table 8.5.4 R
23、oundness (Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M,B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)For drawn unannealed tubein straight lengths, the roundness tolerances shall be as follows:t/D(Ratio of Wall Thickness toOutside Diameter)Roundness Tolerance as Percent ofOutside Diameter (Expressed to theNearest 0.001 in. 0.
24、025 mm)0.01 to 0.03, incl 1.5 1.5Over 0.03 to 0.05, incl 1.0 1.0Over 0.05 to 0.10, incl 0.8 or 0.002 in. mm whichever is greaterOver 0.10 0.7 or 0.002 in. mm whichever is greater5.4.1 Compliance with the roundness tolerances shall bedetermined by taking measurements on the outside diameteronly, irre
25、spective of the manner in which the tube dimensionsare specified. The deviation from roundness is measured as thedifference between major and minor diameters as determined atany one cross section of the tube. The major and minordiameters are the diameters of two concentric circles justenclosing the
26、outside surface of the tube at the cross section.5.4.2 No tolerances have been established for as-extrudedtube, redraw tube, annealed tube, any tube furnished in coils ordrawn tube whose wall thickness is under 0.016 in. 0.4 mm.5.5 Length Tolerances:5.5.1 Straight LengthsLength tolerances, straight
27、lengths,applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B466/B466M shall be in accordance with Table 9or Table 10.5.5.2 Schedule of Tube LengthsSpecific and stock lengthsof tube with ends, applicable to Specifications B68/B68M,B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B466/B466M, shall be inaccorda
28、nce with Table 11 or Table 12. Tube in straight lengthsshall be furnished in stock lengths with ends, unless the orderrequires specific lengths or specific lengths with ends.TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeInch-Pound Values(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75
29、/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, in.Outside Diameter, in.A132 to18, inclOver18 to58,inclOver58 to 1,inclOver 1 to 2,inclOver 2 to 4,incl
30、Over 4 to 7,inclOver 7 to 10,inclUp to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.001 0.0015 0.002 . . .Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.0025 . . .Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.0025 0.003 0.004 . .Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.003 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.005 0.007 .Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl . 0.0035 0.
31、004 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.011Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl . 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.014Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 0.016Over 0.283 to 0.379, incl
32、 . . 0.014 6B%6B%7B%7B%Over 0.379 . . . 6B B B B%AWhen round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceedthe values given in the table by more than 50 %.BPercent of specified wall expressed
33、to the nearest 0.001 in.B251/B251M 1725.6 Squareness of Cut (Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)For tubein straight lengths, the departure from squareness of the end ofany tube shall not exceed the following:5.6.1 Round Tube:Specified Outside Diameter,in. mmT
34、oleranceUp to58 16, incl 0.010 in. 0.25 mmOver58 16 0.016 in./in. mm/mm of diameterTABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeSI Values(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, and B135/B135M)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and min
35、us; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, mmOutside Diameter, mmA0.80 to 3.0, inclOver 3.0 to 16,inclOver 16 to 25,inclOver 25 to 50,inclOver 50 to 100,inclOver 100 to 180,inclOver 180 to 250,inclUp to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 . . .Over 0.40 to
36、 0.60, incl 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.06 . . .Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.10 . .Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.20 .Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.28Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.
37、30Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40Over 7.0 to 10, incl . . 0.30 5B%5B%6B%6B%Over 10 . . . 5B B B B%AWhen round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the n
38、ominal at any point shall not exceedthe values given in the table by more than 50 %.BPercent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.025 mm.TABLE 3 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square TubeInch-Pound Values(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M, B135/B135
39、M, and B743)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, in.Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, in.A132 to18, inclOver18 to58,inclOver58 to 1,inclOver 1 to 2,inclOver 2
40、to 4,inclOver 4 to 7,inclOver 7 to 10,inclUp to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.002 0.0025 0.003 . . .Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 . . .Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.004 0.006 . .Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.004 0.004 0.0045 0.005 0.007 0.009 .Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl .
41、 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.010 0.012Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.012 0.014Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.009 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.016Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl . 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.015 0.017 0.019Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.015 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.022AIn the case of
42、rectangular tube the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.TABLE 4 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square TubeSI Values(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following to
43、lerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, mmDistance Between Outside Parallel Surface, mmA0.80 to 3.0, incl3.0 to 16,incl16 to 25,incl25 to 50,incl50 to 100,incl100 to 180,incl180 to 250,inclUp to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.
44、08 . . .Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.09 . . .Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.15 . .Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.25 .Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.25 0.
45、25 0.28 0.30 0.36 0.40Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.28 0.30 0.33 0.38 0.45 0.50Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.38 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55AIn the case of rectangular tube, the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.B251/B251M 1735.6.2 Rectangular and Square Tube:Specified Dist
46、ance Between MajorOutside Parallel Surfaces, in. mmToleranceUp to58 16, incl 0.016 in. 0.40 mmOver58 16 0.025 in./in. mm/mm of distancebetween outside parallel surfaces5.7 Straightness Tolerances:5.7.1 Round TubesFor round tubes of any drawn temper,14 to 312 in. 6 to 100 mm in outside diameter, incl
47、usive, butnot redraw tube, extruded tube, or any annealed tube, thestraightness tolerances applicable to Specifications B75/B75M,B135/B135M, and B466/B466M shall be in accordance withTable 13 or Table 14.5.7.2 Rectangular and Square TubesFor rectangular andsquare tubes of any drawn temper, the strai
48、ghtness toleranceapplicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M shallbe12 in. 12 mm maximum curvature (depth of arc) in any 6-ft2000-mm portion of the total length. (Not applicable toextruded tube, redraw tube, or any annealed tube.)5.8 Corner Radius, Rectangular and Square TubesThepermissible
49、 radii for commercially square corners applicable toSpecifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M shall be in accor-dance with Table 15 or Table 16.5.9 Twist Tolerances, Rectangular and Square TubesThemaximum twist about the longitudinal axis of drawn temperrectangular and square tubes applicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M shall not exceed 1/
