1、Designation: C1712 17Standard Test Method forRapid Assessment of Static Segregation Resistance of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Penetration Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1712; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the rapid assessment of staticsegregation resistance of
3、normal-weight self-consolidatingconcrete (SCC). The test does not measure static segregationresistance directly, but provides an assessment of whetherstatic segregation is likely to occur.1.2 The test apparatus and protocol were developed basedon tests with SCC mixtures containing saturated surface
4、dry(SSD) coarse aggregates ranging in relative density from 2.67to 2.79 and in nominal maximum size from 9.5 mm to 25 mm.For SCC mixtures outside these ranges, testing is recom-mended to establish a correlation between penetration depthand static segregation measured in accordance with TestMethod C1
5、610/C1610M. This test method shall not be used toassess the static segregation resistance of self-consolidatingconcrete containing lightweight aggregates or heavyweightaggregates without prior testing to establish a correlation.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No othe
6、r units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,
7、 if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are causticand may cause
8、chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolonged exposure.2)1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations
9、issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-CementConcreteC172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-cr
10、eteC173/C173M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly MixedConcrete by the Volumetric MethodC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the LaboratoryC1610/C1610M Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column TechniqueC1611/C1611M Test Method fo
11、r Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating ConcreteC1758/C1758M Practice for Fabricating Test Specimenswith Self-Consolidating Concrete3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, referto Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 stat
12、ic segregation resistance, nresistance of a con-crete mixture to segregation of the mortar component from thecoarse aggregate while the concrete is at rest and before initialsetting.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct
13、 responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.47 on Self-Consolidating Concrete.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1712 14. DOI:10.1520/C1712-17.2Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Tes
14、ting,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of
15、Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the
16、 Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method uses a penetration apparatus (shown inFigs. 1 and 2) and an inverted slu
17、mp mold (Fig. 3). A sampleof freshly mixed self-consolidating concrete is placed in aninverted slump mold without tamping or vibration. The hollowcylinder attached to a metal rod is aligned in the center of theinverted slump mold as shown in Fig. 3. The hollow cylinderis then lowered onto the surfac
18、e of the concrete and released tofreely penetrate into the fresh concrete. The penetration depth(Pd) is determined and used to assess the static segregationresistance of the self-consolidating concrete mixture (1-5).45. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is for the rapid assessment of the stat
19、icsegregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete.5.2 The method is useful for rapid assessment of the staticsegregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete duringmixture development in the laboratory as well as prior toplacement of the mixture in the field. Test Method C1610/C1610M for
20、static segregation of SCC is not sufficiently rapid,and the non-mandatory Visual Stability Index as determinedthrough the procedure described in Appendix X1 of TestMethod C1611/C1611M is highly subjective and qualitative.5.3 Appendix X1 provides non-mandatory criteria that maybe used to indicate the
21、 degree of static segregation resistance ofself-consolidating concrete mixtures.6. Apparatus6.1 MoldThe slump mold is used in this test method andshall conform to Test Method C143/C143M.6.2 Penetration ApparatusThe penetration apparatus,shown in Fig. 1, consists of a support frame, a metal sleeve, a
22、set screw, a penetration head and a reading scale. The penetra-tion head, consisting of a non-corrosive hollow cylinder and ametal rod, has a mass of 45 6 1 g. The rod is bolted verticallyinto the center of the top of the hollow cylinder and acts as aunit with the cylinder. The inner diameter, wall
23、thickness, andheight of the hollow cylinder are 75 6 1 mm, 1.5 6 0.1 mm,and 50 6 1 mm, respectively. Holes are symmetrically drilledon the top surface of the hollow cylinder to allow air to escapeduring the penetration test. At least two holes with a minimumdiameter of 6 mm must be provided (see Not
24、e 1). The readingscale shall be 55 mm long and marked in 1 mm increments.The scale is mounted on the support frame and adjacent to themetal rod, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. With both the supportframe and the hollow cylinder resting on a flat surface, the topof the metal rod shall be 5 mm below the to
25、p of the readingscale (see Note 2). The diameter of the metal rod shall be 4.56 0.5 mm. The inner diameter of the metal sleeve shall be 0.74The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.FIG. 1 Dimension of Penetration ApparatusC1712 1726 0.1 mm larger t
26、han the diameter of the metal rod to minimizefriction as the rod slides.NOTE 1The number and size of the holes may be chosen to be greaterthan the minimum stated in 6.2 to achieve the required mass (45 6 1g)of the penetration head. The hollow cylinder shown in Fig. 2 is made ofPolyvinyl Chloride (PV
27、C) and has six holes on the top surface; each holehas a diameter of approximately 10 mm.NOTE 2This enables the top of the metal rod to be used as the markfor taking both the initial and final readings since it will always lie withinthe range of the reading scale when the surface of the concrete in t
28、he moldis properly leveled (see 8.5).6.3 Base Plate (Optional)As described in Test MethodC1611/C1611M.6.4 Strike-off BarAs described in Test Method C173/C173M.6.5 Sample ReceptacleA pan or wheelbarrow that iswater-tight, has a nonabsorbent surface, and is large enough toallow both remixing of the en
29、tire sample and retain a volumeof concrete sufficient to fill the mold.FIG. 2 Penetration ApparatusFIG. 3 Penetration TestC1712 1736.6 Other ToolsItems such as shovels and scoops capableof remixing the concrete in the sample receptacle, filling thepouring vessel, or both.7. Sample7.1 Obtain a sample
30、 of freshly mixed self-consolidatingconcrete in accordance with Practice C172/C172M or PracticeC192/C192M, and place it in the sample receptacle.8. Procedure8.1 Perform this test on a flat, level, nonabsorbent worksurface such as a concrete floor or base plate. Use a base platein conditions where a
31、flat, level surface is not available, such ason a construction site. When the base plate is used, position andshim the base plate so that it is fully supported. Dampen thework surface, removing any standing water. Do not subject thework surface or mold to vibration or disturbance.8.2 Conditioning th
32、e Penetration ApparatusDampen thehollow cylinder, then hold the apparatus in the horizontalposition and release the set screw. Spin the penetration head toensure that the space between the metal sleeve and the metalrod is free of any obstruction. Tighten the screw softly to holdthe rod in the sleeve
33、.8.3 Remixing of SampleRemix the sample, obtained inaccordance with 7.1, in the sample receptacle using a shovel orscoop so that the concrete is homogeneous.8.4 Dampen the interior of the mold and place it on the worksurface, or centered on the base plate, with the smaller openingfacing down.8.5 Fil
34、l the mold with SCC following the procedure inPractice C1758/C1758M.8.6 Strike OffStrike off the surface of the concrete with thestrike-off bar. Allow the concrete to stabilize for 80 6 5 s afterfinishing strike-off before measuring the penetration.8.7 Positioning the Penetration ApparatusWhile the
35、con-crete is stabilizing, place the penetration apparatus on the topof the inverted slump mold, making sure that the hollowcylinder is aligned in the center of the inverted mold (see Fig.3 and Note 3).NOTE 3Aligning the corners of the frame approximately on thecircumference of the slump mold will en
36、sure alignment of the hollowcylinder in the center of the mold.8.8 Measuring the Penetration Depth (Pd):8.8.1 Initial ReadingHold the metal rod attached to thehollow cylinder with one hand and release the set screw. Lowerthe hollow cylinder carefully so that it just touches the surfaceof the concret
37、e. Tighten the screw and take the initial readingon the reading scale at the mark that is in line with the top ofthe metal rod.8.8.2 Final ReadingAt the end of the period over whichthe concrete is allowed to stabilize (80 6 5 s after completionof strike-off), release the set screw so that the hollow
38、 cylinderfreely penetrates the fresh concrete. Wait for 30 6 2 s afterreleasing the set screw and take the final reading on the readingscale at the mark that is in line with the top of the metal rod.After taking the reading, remove the penetration apparatus.Between uses, wash the penetration apparat
39、us and remove anyfree water on the surfaces of the hollow cylinder and the metalrod with a cloth or paper towel.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the penetration depth, Pd, according to thefollowing equation:Pd 5 d22 d1(1)where:d1= initial reading (mm), andd2= final reading (mm).10. Report10.1 Concrete mi
40、xture designation.10.2 The penetration depth (Pd) to the nearest 1 mm.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe estimation of the precision of this testmethod is provisional. Repeatability standard deviations weredetermined on five replicate batches of SCC mixtures at eachof four levels of mean penetr
41、ation depth (5). At a meanpenetration depth of 3 mm, the repeatability standard deviationwas 1 mm; at a mean penetration depth of 13 mm, therepeatability standard deviation was 2 mm; and at meanpenetration depths of 23 mm and 30 mm, the repeatabilitystandard deviation was 3 mm. The differences in re
42、peatabilitystandard deviation are small over the range of mean penetrationdepths of 3 to 30 mm. The average repeatability standarddeviation over this range of mean penetration depths is 2 mm.11.2 BiasThis test method has no bias because the valuesdetermined can only be defined in terms of the test m
43、ethod.12. Keywords12.1 penetration depth; penetration test; rapid test; segrega-tion; self-consolidating concrete; stability; static segregationresistanceC1712 174APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DEGREE OF STATIC SEGREGATION RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE MIXTURESX1.1 The criteria for the different deg
44、rees of static segrega-tion resistance are provided in Table X1.1 and are based onevaluations of SCC mixtures with nominal maximum aggre-gate sizes in the range of 9.5 to 25 mm. These criteria weredeveloped through a correlation between penetration depth andstatic segregation measured in accordance
45、with Test MethodC1610/C1610M (1-5).REFERENCES(1) Bui V., Attiogbe, E., Vojtko, D., Schaef S., and See H., “A Rapid Testfor Segregation Resistance of Self-Consolidating Concrete,”NRMCAConcrete Technology Forum, Dallas, Texas, USA, May 2224, 2007.(2) Bui, V., Montgomery, D., Hinczak, I., and Turner, K
46、., “Rapid TestingMethod for Segregation Resistance of Self-Compacting Concrete,”Cement and Concrete Research Journal, Vol 32, No. 9, 2002, pp.14891496.(3) Bui, V., and Shah, S. P., “Rapid Methods for Testing Quality ofSelf-Consolidating Concrete,”Proceedings of First North AmericanConference on the
47、Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete,Chicago, USA, November 1213, 2002, pp. 311316.(4) Bui, V., Montgomery, D., Hinczak, I., and Turner, K., “Rapid TestingMethods for Segregation Resistance and Filling Ability of Self-Compacting Concrete,” Proceedings of the Fourth CANMET/ACI/JCIInternation
48、al Conference on Recent Advances in ConcreteTechnology, Tokushima, Japan, SP 179-6, 1998 , Ed. V. M. Malhotra,pp. 85103.(5) Bui, V., and Attiogbe, E., “A Rapid Evaluation of Stability ofSelf-Consolidating Concrete,” Proceedings of Third North AmericanConference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolid
49、ating Concrete,Chicago, USA, November 1012, 2008.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1712 14) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Aug. 1, 2017.)(1) Practice C1758/C1758M added to the references.(2) Removed old 6.6 and old Note 3.(3) Section 8replaced the filling procedure with a referenceto Practice C1758/C1758M.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item menti
