1、2013-2014学年广东省中山市高二上学期期末英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 In the Western countries, especially in America, some social customs have lasted till today. For example, Ladies First, that is to say, women in these countries 【小题 1】 (respect) in many ways. In the USA, 【小题 2】 in Europe, you will see men usually open doors fo
2、r women, and women generally walk ahead of men into a room or restaurant, 【小题 3】 the men have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or to give other services. On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the side of the ladies 【小题 4】 is closer to th
3、e traffic. But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between 【小题 5】 . If the host or hostess comes to fetch their guest for dinner in a car, the guest should sit at the front seat and leave the back seat free, as the host or hostess is also 【小题 6】 driver. When the host shows the guest to th
4、e sitting room, most men 【小题 7】 (seat) in the room will stand up if the guest is a lady. Generally speaking, younger ones are introduced to older ones first. The ladies in the sitting room will not stand up 【小题8】 the new comer is a man or a woman. Though today it is the fact that the custom is follo
5、wed by 【小题 9】 (few) people than in the past, especially among the young people, women of all ages still want to keep the custom. Anyhow, 【小题 10】 is believed that women are still respected in many ways in the Western countries. 答案： 【小题 1】 are respected 【小题 2】 as 【小题 3】 unless 【小题 4】 which / that 【小题
6、5】 them 【小题 6】 the 【小题 7】 seated 【小题 8】 whether 【小题 9】 fewer 【小题 10】 it 试题分析：本文主要说明的是西方社会里的尊敬女性的风俗传统，并通过举例进行了详细地说明。 【小题 1】 are respected 本句是一个被动语态。句义：在很多方面在西方国家里女性都受到尊敬。根据句义说明表示的是被动的含义。 【小题 2】 as 本句是一个省略句，在 as后面省略了 it is； as引导的是一个方式状语，意为 “正如 ”；在美国，正如在欧洲一样，你会看见男性为女性开门。 【小题 3】 unless 在欧洲女性通常都走在男性的前面，除
7、非男性不得不为女性选择桌子，开门或者提供其他服务。 根据句义本句中的 unless表示 “除非，如果 不 ” ，引导的是一个条件句。 【小题 4】 which / that 本句是一个定语从句，先行词是 the side， which指代先行词在句中做主语。指男性在和女性走路的时候，总是走在靠近汽车的一边。 【小题 5】 them 本句中的 them指代上句出现的可数名词复数形式 two ladies。指男性和两个女性在一起的时候，要走在两人之间。 【小题 6】 the 本句中的 the特指说话双方都知道的那个司机，也就是来接客人的男女主人。 【小题 7】 seated 本句中的 seated
8、是过去分词转换的形容词， seat使 就坐；与前面的名词 most men构成被动关系，使用过去分词转换的形容词作为后置定语。 【小题 8】 whether 本句 whether or . 无论 还是 ；引导的是一个让步状语从句。无论新来的人是男的还是女的，房间里的女性都不需要站起来。 【小题 9】 fewer 本句后面的 than说明应该使用比较级的形式，指现在与过去相比较，遵守风俗习惯的人更少了。 【小题 10】 it 考察固定句式 It is believed that 人们认为 . ；句中的 it是一个形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that引导的主语从句。 考点：考察说明文 完型填空
9、Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. My familys last vacation was a good to prove it. It was my six-year-old sons winter break from school, and we were home from Fort Lauderdale after a week-long trip. The flight was , and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 p
10、er person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York, so I had to . But that didnt mean my husband and my son couldnt stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day, my husband and son were offered more to take an even later flight. Yes, I
11、encouraged okay, ordered them to wait it out at the , to earn more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh Now some people may think Im a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a . And these days, a good deal is something few of
12、 us can afford to . Ive made living looking for the best deals and the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBCs Today show for over a decade. So far, I feel proud that I have written a couple of including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what
13、I in. I tell you this because there is no in getting your moneys worth. Honestly, Im also when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and its the first thing people . And I will also spend o
14、n a classic piece of furniture. lasts. 【小题1】 A sample B excuse C situation D example A leaving B heading C getting D arriving A overbooked B overcrowded C overworked D overpowered A get on B get over C get back D get away A seats B credits C bargain D value A flight B office C school D airport A dol
15、lar B time C family D work A pass up B pass down C pass along D pass on A expanding B expecting C exposing D explaining A dictionaries B newspapers C novels D books A believe B put C give D come A harm B shame C doubt D shock A generous B tightfisted C joyful D patient A notice B realize C know D un
16、derstand A Satisfactory B Quantity C Ability D Quality 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 B 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 D 【小题 11】 A 【小题 12】 B 【小题 13】 B 【小题 14】 A 【小题 15】 D 试题分析：本文主要教育我们正确的金钱观，要认识到金钱的真正价值，该花的时候要花，该省的时候要省。 【小题 1】 D 名词辨析。 A样本； B借口； C情景； D例子；前面一句说我是一个愿意做任何事情来
17、节省钱的人，接着举例说明，上次全家去度假就是这样的一个例子。 【小题 2】 B 动词辨析。 A离开； B朝 过去； C得到，到达； D到达；这次度假是我儿子的寒假的时候，经过一个星期的度假以后，我们从 Fort Lauderdale出发，准备回家。本句中的 home是副词，修饰 head。 【小题 3】 A 动词辨析。 A过度预定； B过于拥挤； C 过度工作； D制服，压倒；根据 Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.可知这件航
18、空公司给我们 400美元让我们放弃原来预定的位置，在第二天再回家，可知 这件航空公司的位置被预定过多，所以给事先预定的人退钱作为补偿。故 A正确。 【小题 4】 C 短语辨析。 A进展，相处； B克服； C 找回，回来； D离开，脱身；因为我在纽约与别人约好了，所以我们不得不回来。但是我让丈夫和儿子留在那里，这样可以得到对方的补偿。故 C正确。 【小题 5】 B 上下文串联。 A座位； B贷款，信誉； C便宜货； D价值；我让丈夫和孩子在那里逗留了一天，但第二天，他们仍然无法回来，公司给了他们更多的钱座位补偿。根据第 3空后 the airline, offered us $400 per p
19、erson in credits to give up our seats可知 B正确。 【小题 6】 D 名词辨析。 A航班； B办公室； C学校； D机场；我鼓励我的丈夫和孩子在机场外面等待，因为在那里可以 “挣钱 ”。 【小题 7】 A 上下文串联。 A美元（钱）； B时间； C家庭； D工作；我知道钱的价值，因为我是一个很会省钱的人。 【小题 8】 A 短语辨析。 A错过； B传递； C沿着 向前走；现在，一笔好交易有时候是我们中很少有人能够错过的。本句就是指我们都不要错过这样简单的挣钱的机会。 【小题 9】 C 动词辨析。 A扩张，使 变大； B期待； C 揭露，揭 发，使 曝光；D
20、解释；我一直都在努力寻找做好的生意并曝光那些最糟糕的商业阴谋诡计。我这样做就是为了让人们都可以挣到钱。 【小题 10】 D 名词辨析。 A字典； B报纸； C小说； D书；根据下文 Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.可知这是一本书的名字，那么本句是指我已经写了一些书了。 【小题 11】 A 短语辨析。 Believe in信任； put in投入； give in屈服； come in进来；因为我认为我做的事情是正确的，所以我在做我相信的事情。 【小题 12】 B 名词辨析。 A伤害，损伤； B害羞； C怀疑； D震惊；我告诉你我这样
21、做，是因为得到钱的最大的价值一点也不害羞。 【小题 13】 B 形容词辨析。 A慷慨的； B吝啬的； C开心的； D耐心的；老实说，当涉及到衣服鞋子的时候，我很吝啬。但是做头发的时候，我是毫不犹豫的。因为我们要花值得花的钱。 【小题 14】 A 动词辨析。 A注意到； B意识到； C知道； D理解；我花钱做头发是不吝啬的，因为这是人们看你的时候首先注意到的。 【小题 15】 D 名词辨析。 A满意； B数量； C能力； D品质，质量；和头发一样，我也会花大前去购买好的家具，因为 质量好的东西才会持久。故 D正确。 考点：考察教育类短文 阅读理解 It was once unheard-of t
22、o be a businessman in China. Nowadays, though, its quite common to become your own boss. Lets say you have an idea. Maybe you want to open an English school or sell Japanese comics. First, you need a business plan. It sets out what youll sell and how much everything will cost. Most businesses that f
23、ail didnt have this. If you need to borrow money at the start, banks will ask for a detailed plan. The best starting place for a business plan is the 4Ps: product, place, price and promotion. All these must be strong to be successful. Product Your product must have something unique. What makes it sp
24、ecial compared to other similar products If you want to start a noodle shop that has nothing new, dont expect people to show much interest. You can research your product. For food, let people try it for free. For toys, let a few children play with them to see if they like them. Place Theres no point
25、 having a product that people want to buy if your shop is in an empty mall. Think about which type of person is going to buy what you sell. Where do they usually go shopping When looking at possible places, spend the day there. See how many people pass by. Also, are there other shops nearby selling
26、similar products If so, how can you be better than them Price Work out how much it costs to make or provide your product. As a general rule, your price will be double the cost. After all, youre also paying for rent, staff and you need to eat too! Promotion How can you attract people to your shop Adv
27、ertising in newspapers and on TV is expensive. Perhaps you can get free advertising by getting a newspaper to write about your business. 【小题 1】 Whats the best title for the passage A How to start a business. B Starting a business soon. C Starting your own business. D Preparations for starting a busi
28、ness. 【小题 2】 According to the author, the reason why most businesses fail is due to lack of _. A a business plan B a shop C money D successful businessmen 【小题 3】 If you want to start a noodle shop, you should _. A expect people to show much interest B research your noodles C let people try it at a l
29、ow price D let children have a try 【小题 4】 What does “If so” in Paragraph 4 refer to A There are shops selling the goods like yours. B Many people pass by. C You should think about which type of person is going to buy what you sell. D You should spend the day on possible places. 【小题 5】 You are sellin
30、g toys to children. It costs 5 yuan to make each one. How much should you charge the children for each toy A 15 yuan. B 5 yuan. C 10 yuan. D 50 yuan. 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 C 试题分析：本文主要教育我们如何进行自己的生意，给出了四个具体步骤的建议： product, place, price and promotion. 【小题 1】 C 主旨大意题。根据文章第 2段 The
31、 best starting place for a business plan is the 4Ps: product, place, price and promotion. All these must be strong to be successful.可知本文主要讲述的是如何成功地进行自己的生意的 4步骤。 【小题 2】 A 推理题。根据文章第一段 Lets say you have an idea. Maybe you want to open an English school or sell Japanese comics. First, you need a busines
32、s plan.可知如果我们要自己做生意，首先就是要有一个很好的计划。说明很多人生意失败主要原因就是没有计划性。故 A正确。 【小题 3】 B 细节题。根据文章第 3段 If you want to start a noodle shop that has nothing new, dont expect people to show much interest. You can research your product.可知如果你想要开面条店，首先你要研究你的商品，要了解你的商店。故 B正确。 【小题 4】 A 推理题。根据本句 Also, are there other shops nea
33、rby selling similar products If so, how can you be better than them 可知这里的 so就是指前面一句中的 there are other shops nearby selling similar products.如果在附近有一些其他的出售类似产品的商店，你就要思考如何比对方做得更好。故 A正确。 【小题 5】 C 计算题。根据文章倒数第 2段 As a general rule, your price will be double the cost.可知你的价格要是你成本的 2倍，因为你要考虑租金，职工工资和你的支出。故 C正
34、确。 考点：考察教育类短文阅读 You probably hear it all the time people telling you to “learn English”. But does this mean children in English-speaking countries dont need to bother learning a new language Not at all. In fact, an even larger number of young people will soon be taught foreign languages, thanks to t
35、he mental advantages of bilingualism. Psychologists once thought that growing up bilingual might lead to verbal delays-a late or absent development of talking. But US magazine Scientific American has revealed that this is not true, and reported that children who speak more than one language “show gr
36、eater mental flexibility, a superior grasp of abstract concepts and a better working memory.” As the New York Times put it, “being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter.” In Europe, learning foreign languages is increasingly popular. A European report shows that from 2005-2010, the percentage o
37、f European students learning a foreign language rose from 67.5 percent to 79.2 percent. Most European kids start learning another language at age 6. In Belgium, it starts at 3. New reforms being introduced in the UK will mean all children could be taught a foreign language, such as Mandarin or Greek
38、, from the age of 7. The most popular foreign language for European kids was English, followed by German and French. In comparison, Americans dont give a fig for learning foreign languages. Compared to 50 percent of European adults who are bilingual, only 9 percent of adults in the US are fluent in
39、more than one language, according to a 2011 report. American students are often not exposed to a second language until high school. However, recent statistics show demand is growing in the US for people to become more bilingual. According to a USA Today chart released in July, 21 percent of US child
40、ren speak another language at home. A number of institutions in the country are also pushing foreign languages in schools. Three school districts in Delaware will launch Chinese and Spanish programs next year. More people are learning Chinese, French and Spanish. 【小题 1】 Psychologist used to believe
41、that children who grow up bilingual _. A are more flexible mentally B are slow in the development of talking C have a poorer working memory D are smarter in understanding abstract concept 【小题 2】 It can be inferred from the passage that _. A Americans are more interested in learning another language
42、than Europeans B British kids began to learn foreign languages at the earliest age C 21% of US children study a foreign language in the school D not all schools in America are teaching foreign languages 【小题 3】 What does the underlined phrase “give a fig for” in Paragraph 4 mean A attach importance t
43、o B have talent for C invest money in D have demand for 【小题 4】 Which are the most popular foreign languages in the US A Mandarin and Greek. B English, German and French. C Chinese, French and Spanish. D Chinese, German and Greek. 【小题 5】 What is the main idea of this passage A. Chinese is becoming mo
44、re popular in western countries. B. The benefits and advantages of growing up bilingual. C. Western worlds are paying more attention to learning foreign languages. D. The differences between bilingual education in Europe and USA. 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 C 试题分析：本文主要讲述的是西方人对于双语教
45、学的重视，很多西方人都擅长2种以上的语言，美国人原来对于外语不够重视，但是最近已经有了很大的改变。 【小题 1】 B 细节题。根据文章第二段第一行 Psychologists once thought that growing up bilingual might lead to verbal delays-a late or absent development of talking.可知以前心理学家认为双语教学会导致儿童的发展缓慢。故 B正确。 【小题 2】 D 推理题。根据文章倒数第 2段最后一句 American students are often not exposed to a
46、second language until high school.可知很多美国学生到高中的时候，才开始学习第二语言。也就是说在美国的初中和小学里是没有外语课的。故 D正确。 【小题 3】 A 推理题。根据本句 In comparison, Americans dont give a fig for learning foreign languages. Compared to 50 percent of European adults who are bilingual, only 9 percent of adults in the US are fluent in more than o
47、ne language, according to a 2011 report.可知根据 2011年的一项调查，发现只有百分之 9的美国成年人可以流利地讲另外一门语言，也就是说每个人对于学习外遇并不重视。故该词应该指 A项语义。 【小题 4】 C 细节题。根据文章最后一句 More people are learning Chinese, French and Spanish.可知中文，法语和西班牙语是美国人最喜欢学的 3种语言。故 C正确。 【小题 5】 C 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和最后一段可知本文主要讲述的是西方人对于学会外语的重视，主要列举了欧洲和美国的例子。故 C正确。 考点：考察
48、社会现象类短文阅读 Chinas top labor official said the country is planning to push back the age at which workers can retire. Yin Weimin, minister of human resources and social security, demonstrated that we did not put a timetable on the move when he spoke about it during a forum at the weekend. Delaying the
49、retirement age is a very complicated issue and we will study it according to the situations of population and employment and consider different groups of people, Yin said. He noted that hikes in the retirement age have been brought in by many countries and can be a good way to deal with an aging population and ensu
