1、2013-2014学年广东省汕头市金山中学高二下期末英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 When very small dinosaur bones were found in a Germany mine, people thought they were from baby dinosaurs. _【小题 1】 _ Martin Sanders work shows that they were probably fully _【小题 2】 _ (grow) and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found. Growth
2、 marks on dinosaur bones are similar _【小题 3】 _ growth rings on trees. The rings are far apart while the animal is young and growing quickly. _【小题 4】_ get closer as growth slows. It is _【小题 5】 _ (exact) these tight ring marks that we found in the fossil bones, says Sander. So the fossils must have be
3、en from adult animals. _【小题 6】 _ was this German dinosaur so much smaller than other giant dinosaurs, which grew up to 45 metres long and weighed as much as a thousand humans 150 million years ago, most of Germany was underwater. Scientists think that _【小题 7】 _ water levels rose, there was less and
4、less land and food available. The dinosaur _【小题 8】 _ (need) less space and food. Since 1998, scientists have dug up more than 1,000 dinosaur fossils in the mine. It is one of the few places in the world _【小题 9】 _ the bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together. 答案： 【小题 1】 But 【小题 2】 g
5、rown 【小题 3】 to 【小题 4】 They 【小题 5】 exactly 【小题 6】 Why 【小题 7】 as / when 【小题 8】 was forced 【 小题 9】 needing 【小题 10】 where 试题分析：文章介绍了一些在德国发现的恐龙化石，以及对它们进行的研究。 【小题 1】上文说人们认为发现的小的恐龙骨头是小恐龙的骨头，后面说Martin Sander的工作表明它们可能是充分长大的或是属于最小的巨型恐龙的，所以这两句话是转折关系，填 But。 【小题 2】 they指的是 small dinosaur bones 和 grow是被动关系：填 grow
6、n。 【小题 3】恐龙骨头上成长的标志和树上的年轮相似。 be similar to和 相似 . 【小题 4】随着生长放慢 ，它们也靠近了。这里使用 They代替 Growth marks。 【小题 5】我们在骨头化石中发现的就是这些靠得很近的标志 .用副词 exactly修饰 be动词。 【小题 6】根据下文，可知这句话是问：为什么这些德国的恐龙比其他的大型恐龙小这么多？用 Why。 【小题 7】科学家认为当水平面上升的时候，土地会越来越少。这里用连词 as / when当 时候。 【小题 8】恐龙被迫进化到更小的动物。 The dinosaur 和 force是被动含义，而且是过去的情况，
7、所以用 was forced 【小题 9】这里是现在分词做定语，因 为 a smaller animal 和 need是主动关系，用 needing 【小题 10】这里世界上为数不多的地方可以同时发现恐龙的骨头和足印的。Where引导的是定语从句。 考点：考查语法填空 完型填空 When I walk through the streets of San Franciscos business districts, white people stare at me as if I were a circus clown. Their staring eyes dont see that I g
8、et _ As in school, or that I am a captain of the football team, or that I belong to _youth organizations. All they see is that I am 6-foot-4, young, black, and male-a potential _to them. White men look at me as if I am up to no good, or as if they are _to me. White women just look at me with_, say,
9、sometimes they cross the street when they see my friends and me coming, or walk in the street and only get back on the sidewalk after we _. Many people come to San Francisco to get away from the stereotypes(成见 ) of the cities they were born and _ in. The majority of the blacks and Latinos who live i
10、n this city dont have that luxury. How can you feel at home when people are_telling you to get back to Africa or Mexico -or just back to “where you belong” My way of dealing with this kind of thing has _over the years. In the past, when my friends and I would walk the streets and a hundred pairs of
11、white eyes would look at me as if we were the lowest form of dirt, it would make us angry enough to hurt or _them. Now Im more likely to use _ to defend myself against those eyes. To women who clutch their purse in terror, Ill say, “Man, I aint gonna do anything to you, I got money in my pocket!” My
12、 cousin has even started wearing a T-shirt _ in big letters, “NO, WHITE LADY, I DONT WANT YOUR PURSE.” The most painful thing is when we get those_ stares from black people, especially elderly ones. I want o say to them, “Were black, too. Why would we do something to you ” Usually I react more _to a
13、ll of this than a lot of my friends do. Some of them, so brainwashed, just think its part of life and that there is nothing you can do. But for me, thats not good enough. I just cant stand it when every day a hundred pair of eyes tell you youre not_. 【小题1】 A hardly B mostly C merely D particularly A
14、 social B local C positive D new A danger B treasure C gift D neighbor A better B close C perfect D superior A fear B interest C honor D despair A run B walk C pass D move A known B developed C raised D located A honestly B constantly C hopefully D freely A changed B formed C strengthened D increase
15、d A kill B rob C damage D steal A actions B deeds C signs D words A writing B printing C telling D saying A fearful B doubtful C pitiful D impressive A strongly B actively C disappointedly D casually A sincere B mature C welcome D gentle 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 C 【小题
16、7】 C 【小题 8】 B 【小题 9】 A 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 D 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 A 【小题 15】 C 试题分析：文章大意：作者是个黑人，来到圣弗朗西斯科是想躲避家乡的歧视，但是在圣弗朗西斯科他同样收到不公平的待遇，作者先是很敏感，后来渐渐的改变通过语言来反抗，作者希望有一天能被这个城市欢迎。 【小题 1】考查副词： A. hardly几乎不， B. mostly大多数， C. merely仅仅， D. particularly尤其是，他们睁 大的眼睛没有看见我大多数都是得的 A+，选 B。 【小题 2】考查形容词： A. soci
17、al社会的， B. local当地的， C. positive积极的，D. new新的，从前面的句子： I get _ As in school, or that I am a captain of the football team,可知作者都是做的积极的事情，选 C。 【小题 3】考查名词： A. danger危险， B. treasure 珍宝， C. gift礼物， D. neighbor邻居，从前面的句子： All they see is that I am 6-foot-4, young ,black, and male 可知人们认为作者对他们有潜在的危险，选 A。 【小题 4】考
18、查形容词： A. better更好， B. close近， C. perfect完美， D. superior优于，从前面的句子： White men look at me as if I am up to no good, 可知白人认为比作者优等，选 D。 【小题 5】考查名词： A. fear害怕， B. interest兴趣， C. honor害怕， D. despair压抑，从后面的句子： say, sometimes they cross the street when they see my friends and me coming, or walk in the street
19、and only get back on the sidewalk after we _.可知白人妇女看见作者他们感到害怕，选 A。 【小题 6】考查动词： A. run跑， B. walk走， C. pass通过， D. move 移动，因为白人女性害怕他们所以看见他们过去了，才回 到人行道，选 C。 【小题 7】考查动词： A. known知道， B. developed发展， C. raised举起，提高，筹集，养育， D. located 位于，从 they were born ，可知很多人离开生他养他的地方到圣弗朗西斯科就是为了躲避歧视，选 C。 【小题 8】考查副词： A. hon
20、estly诚实地， B. constantly 不断地， C. hopefully有希望地， D. freely自由地，当人们经常告诉你回到非洲或墨西哥，你是什么感受 .？选 B。 【小题 9】考查动词： A. changed改变 B. formed形成 C. strengthened加强， D. increased 增加，从后面的内容： In the past, when my friends and I would walk the streets and a hundred pairs of white eyes would look at me as if we were the lo
21、west form of dirt, it would make us angry enough to hurt or _them. 可知我 处理这类事情的方式变了，选 A 【小题 10】考查动词： A. kill杀死， B. rob抢劫， C. damage破坏， D. steal偷，从前面的句子： it would make us angry enough 可知作者会生气的伤害他们，或是杀了他们，选 D。 【小题 11】考查名词： A. actions行动， B. deeds事情， C. signs 标志， D. words话语，和前面的用行动反抗相比，作者现在是用语言保护自己，选 D。
22、【小题 12】考查动词： A. writing写， B. printing印刷， C. telling告诉， D. saying说话，我堂兄甚至穿了个体恤衫，上面写到 “NO, WHITE LADY, I DONT WANT YOUR PURSE.” ，表示 上写着 “，用 saying，选 D。 【小题 13】考查形容词： A. fearful 害怕的， B. doubtful怀疑的， C. pitiful 同情的， D. impressive印象深刻的，从前面的句子： White women just look at me with_, 可知这里是：这些害怕的眼神有时来自于黑人，选 A。
23、【小题 14】考查副词： A. strongly 强烈地， B. actively积极地， C. disappointedly失望地， D. casually随意地，从后面的句子： Some of them, so brainwashed, just think its part of life and that there is nothing you can do. 可知作者比他的朋友对这样的事情反应更强烈，选 A。 【小题 15】考查形容词： A. sincere真诚的， B. mature 成熟的， C. welcome受欢 迎的， D. gentle 温柔的，从文章的第一句话 Whe
24、n I walk through the streets of San Franciscos business districts, white people stare at me as if I were a circus clown.可知作者在这儿是不受欢迎的，选 C。 考点：考查故事类完型填空 阅读理解 An experiment was carried out at British school into the performance of new pupils. At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rati
25、ng, ranging from “excellent prospect” to “unlikely to do well”. These were totally untrue ratings and did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed. However, these ratings were given to the teachers. At the end of the year, the experimenters compared the pupils performance with the ra
26、tings. Despite their real abilities, there was an astonishingly high connection between performance and ratings. It seems that people perform as well as we expect them to. The Self-fulfilling Effect is also known as the Pygmalion Effect. This comes from an old Greek story. The story was also the bas
27、is of George Bernard Shaws play “Pygmalion”, later turned into the musical “My Fair Lady”. In Shaws play, Professor Henry Higgins claims he can turn a Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle into a duchess. But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins friend Pickering, it isnt what she learns or does th
28、at determines whether she will become a duchess, but how shes treated. The implication (含义 ) of the Pygmalion Effect for leaders and managers is massive. It means that the performance of your team depends less on them than it does on you. The performance you get from people is no more or less than w
29、hat you expect, which means you must always expect the best. As Goethe said, “Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be and he will become as he can and should be.” 【小题 1】 The underlined word “rating” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “_”. A program B regu
30、lation C correction D classification 【小题 2】 Whats the passage mainly about A A new scientific experiment. B The Self-fulfilling Effect. C Shaws play “Pygmalion”. D An improved teaching method. 【小题 3】 The experiment was made in order to _. A try out a new teaching method B pick out the most excellent
31、 pupils C learn if expectations affect performance D give each pupil a proper rating 【小题 4】 What made Eliza change into a duchess according to Eliza herself A Strict training from Higgins. B Her own strong will and hard work. C The proper way she was regarded D Warm encouragement from Pickering. 【小题
32、 5】 According to the Pygmalion Effect, if you want a man to finish a hard task in a short time, you should say, “_”. A Im sure you can make it B I will help you any time C It is as easy as pie D It doesnt matter if you fail 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 A 试题分析：本题介绍了心理学上的皮格马利翁效应，亦称 “
33、罗森塔尔效应(RobertRosenthal Effect)”或 “期待效应 ”。暗示在本质上，是人的情感和观念，会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示，正是让你梦想成真的基石之一 在本文中是指自我期待对我们人生的影响。 【小题 1】 D 推理题。根据第一段 1,2行 At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, ranging from “excellent prospect” to “unlikely to do well”.说明该词是指给学生
34、排名分类，从高到低顺序排列。故 D项内容与之相符。 【小题 2】 B 主旨大意题。本题介绍了心理学上的皮格马利翁效应，亦称 “罗森塔尔效应 (RobertRosenthal Effect)”或 “期待效应 ”。暗示在本质上，是人的情感和观念，会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示，正是让你梦想成真的基石之一 在本文中是指自我期待对我们人生的影响，故 B正确。 【小题 3】 C 推理题。本文第一段中的这个例子就是为了向我们说明人们的心理期待对 人生的影响。那些分类排名本来并不正确，但是它给了人们心理暗示，就应该按照那个顺序来排名
35、，最终的结果与最先的期待基本类似。这个例子正是为了向我们表明心理暗示即期待对人有很多的影响的。故 C项正确。 【小题 4】 C 推理题。根据第二段最后两行 But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins friend Pickering, it isnt what she learns or does that determines whether she will become a duchess, but how shes treated.说明是她被如何对待的方式改变了结果。故 C项正确。 【小题 5】 A 推理题。根据皮格马利翁效应，亦称 “罗森塔
36、尔效应(RobertRosenthal Effect)”或 “期待效应 ”。暗示在本质上，是人的情感和观念，会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示，正是让你梦想成真的基石之一 说明如果我们要成功就要自己一定的心理暗示，故你要完成一个艰巨的任务，要对自己说我一定能行。故 A项正确。 考 点：考查科普类短文 Researchers at the University of Bedforshire have developed a new technique for powering electronic device（装置） .
37、The system, developed by Professor Ben Allen at the Centre for Wireless Research, uses radio waves as power. Believed to be a world first, the team claims it could eventually eliminate (or get rid of) the need for conventional batteries. The university has now filed a patent application to secure th
38、e only rights to the technique. Professor Allen and his team have created a system to use medium wave frequencies to replace batteries in small everyday devices like clocks and remote controls. The new technique uses the “waste” energy of radio waves and has been developed as part of the universitys
39、 research into “power harvesting”. Professor Allen said that as radio waves have energy-like light waves, sound waves or wind waves-in theory, these waves could be used to create power. “The emerging（新兴的） area of power harvesting technology promises to reduce our reliance on conventional batteries,”
40、 he said. “Its really exciting way of taking power from sources other than what we would normally think of.” The team is now waiting for the results of the patent application to secure recognition of the technique. Professor Allen said that the teams achievements had all been done in their “spare ti
41、me”. “Our next stage is to try and raise some real funds so that we can take this work forward and make a working prototype（模型） and maybe partner up with the right people and take this to a full product in due course,” he said. “Power harvesting has a really important part in our future, because, ju
42、st in this country, we dispose of somewhere between 20,000 and 30,000 tones of batteries in landfill（垃圾填理） sites every single year-that is toxic chemicals going into the ground.” He added that development of the product could also be “commercially beneficial”. “The market for this is several billion
43、 pounds. Weve seen market predictions for 2020 which have these kinds of figures, so theres a lot of commercial potential in this area,” he said. Pro-Vice Chancellor at the University of Bedfordshire, Professor Carsten Maple, said, “This type of work is a reflection of the universitys growing reputa
44、tion and experience in conducting innovative（创新的） research.” 【小题 1】 From the text we know the new technique for powering electronic devices_. A can be applied to all electronic devices. B uses radio waves to create power. C has replaced conventional batteries. D produces many toxic chemicals. 【小题 2】
45、 According to Professor Allen, power harvesting technology_. A makes every use of radio waves. B takes power from usual sources. C reduces our dependency on conventional batteries. D aims at huge commercial benefits. 【小题 3】 What can we learn about Professor Allen and his team from the text A They ha
46、ve made use of radio waves in their daily life. B They have raised a big fund to support their research. C They have gained a patent for their new technology. D They mainly did their research in their spare time. 【小题 4】 What is Professor Carsten Maples attitude toward the new technique A Critical. B
47、 Favorable. C Conservative. D Negative. 【小题 5】 What is the text mainly about A A new technique to create power. B A crisis concerning conventional batteries. C Some special sources of power. D The development of power harvesting. 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 B 【小题 5】 A 试题分析：文章主要介绍了 Professo
48、r Allen及其团队的一项新发电装置。 【小题 1】细节理解题。结合 The system, developed by Professor Ben Allen at the Centre for Wireless Research, uses radio（无线电） waves as power可知新 发电装置是用无线电波发电的，答案：是 B。 【小题 2】细节理解题。结合 Professor Allen and his team have created a system to use medium wave frequencies to replace batteries in small everyday devices like clocks and remote controls可知 Professor Allen认为 power harvesting technology减少了我们对于普通电池的依赖，答 案： C。 【小题 3】细节理解题。结合 Professor Allen said that the teams achiev
