1、2014届北京市丰台区高三下学期统一练习（一）英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stage Fright Imagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whi
2、spering and taking their seats. Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. 【小题 1】 The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet. If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what
3、it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the center of attention. 【小题 2】 People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers from stage fright
4、may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees. Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real. 【小题 3】 The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemica
5、l that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies fight or flight reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake. 【小题 4】 Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help calm
6、 nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Third, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine. 【小题 5】 Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a b
7、anana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears. A These might make your heart race even faster. B You dont have to be onstag
8、e to get stage fright. C Stage fright is part of the bodys reaction to stress. D You try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out. E. With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports. F. The good news about stage fright is that here are ways to deal with it. G. However, there
9、is a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage. 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 F 【小题 5】 A 试题分析：文章介绍舞台紧张的具体表现和怎么解决这样的问题。 【小题 1】考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文 ： The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet. 可知这些都是舞台紧张的反应：你努力说自己的台词，但是想不出来，所以选D 【小题 2】考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文： People experi
10、ence this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class.可知：你不必在舞台上感受到舞台紧张，所以选 B 【小题 3】考查句意理解和上下文串联： 根据下文： In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly.可知：舞台紧张是身体对压力的反应的一部分，所以选 C 【小题 4】考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文： Practi
11、cing your performance and following some simple tips can help calm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.可知：舞台紧张的好消息是它是可以有办法解决的，所以选 F 【小题 5】考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文： Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body.可知：这会使你的心跳加快。所以选 A 考点：考查信息匹配 单项选择 * W
12、ith a school built in the village, the children neednt climb the mountain for study. A at B for C over D in 答案： C 试题分析：句意：因为村子里面建了一个学校，孩子们不必再翻过山去上学了。用 over“翻过，越过 ”， at“在 地方 ”， for“为了 ”， in“在 里面 ”，所以选 C。 考点：考查介词 Sorry, Madam. Any problem Yes. The fish is served undercooked and with nothing . A to add
13、 B adding C added D adds 答案： C 试题分析： 句意： -对不起，太太，有什么问题吗？ -是，这条鱼没有烧熟，也没有加东西。这里使用了 with复合结构： with+宾语 +宾语补足语， nothing和add是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语。选 C。 考点：考查 with复合结构 There will be no going back our decision is made. A until B unless C once D before 答案： C 试题分析： A. until 直到， B. unless除非， C. once一旦， D. before在 前
14、面，句意：一旦我们决定了，就不能再回头了。所以选 C。 考点：考查连词辨析 The woods are remains of a huge forest once covered the whole area. A where B which C whose D when 答案： B 试题分析： 句意：这些树林是一个大森林的残余，它曾经覆盖了整个地区。这里使用了定语从句，先行词是 forest，定语从句中缺少主语，所以用 which引导定语从句，选 B。 考点：考 查定语从句 Have you found a new job, Jim Not yet. I really regret the
15、IBMs offer. A to turn down B turning down C turned down D turn down 答案： B 试题分析： 句意： -吉姆，你找到新工作了吗？ -还没有，我真的后悔拒绝了IBM 的工作机会。 Regret 表示 “后悔 ”的时候，后面接动名词做宾语，所以选 B。 考点：考查动名词 Carl hopes to win the tennis game one day. That is he has been practicing hard. A why B how C because D where 答案： A 试题分析： 句意： Carl希望有
16、一天赢得网球比赛。这是他为什么努力训练的原因。 That is why ，这就是为什么， That is because 那时因为 ，所以选 A。 考点：考查表语从句 Ever since the patients moved to the new hospital last year, they better medical treatment. A have received B had received C will receive D received 答案： A 试题分析：句意：自从这些病人去年搬到新医院，他们已经受到了更好的医护治疗。和 ever since 连用，用现在完成时表示
17、动作从过去到现在一直在做，所以选 A。 考点：考查时态 Living in a fast-paced world, we get left behind if we stop learning. A should B dare C may D need 答案： C 试题分析：句意：生活在一个快节奏的世界中，如果我们停止学习可能会落后。May 表示 “不确定的可能性 ”， should“应该 ”， dare“敢 ”， need“需要 ”，所以选 C。 考点：考查情态动词 Shila doesnt speak our language, she seems to understand what w
18、e say. A and B yet C so D or 答案： B 试题分析： 句意： Shila不会说我们的语言，然而她好像能听懂我们说的话。这里用 yet表示转折关系， “然而 ”， A. and并且， C. so 因此， D. or或者，所以选B。 考点：考查连词 Are you free tomorrow I was wondering if we could have lunch together. No, Im afraid not. I John then. A am meeting B met C have met D was meeting 答案： A 试题分析： 句意：
19、-明天你有空吗 ？我想知道我们能否一起吃午饭。 -不，恐怕不能。我那时将和约翰见面。 Then指的是 tomorrow，所以用现在进行时表示一般过去式，选 A。 考点：考查时态 The earthquake victims were given clothes and food, without which they of cold and hunger. A would die B will die C have died D would have died 答案： D 试题分析： 句意：地震的受害者被给与了衣服和食物，没有这些东西他们就可能死于寒冷和饥饿。 Without which是隐含
20、的虚拟语气，相当于 if they hadnt been given clothes and food，可知是和过去相反的虚拟语气，主句用 would have done，所以选 D。 考点：考查含蓄虚拟语气 You should consider carefully the car you want to buy is worth the money. A that B which C whether D what 答案： C 试题分析： 句意：你应该认真思考是否你想买的车值这个价钱。 Consider后面接的是宾语从句，根据句意应该用 whether连接宾语从句，表示 “是否 ”， tha
21、t连接宾语从句的时候，从句的意思是完整的， which 哪个， what 什么，所以选 C。 考点：考查宾语从句 When in trouble, many teenagers go to their friends for advice. A to ask B asking C ask D asked 答案： A 试题分析：句意：当有困难的时候，很多年轻人去找朋友征求建议。这里用不定式做目的状语，所以选 A。 考点：考查不定式做目的状语 I had wanted to visit the gallery before I Florence, but it s closed on Sunday
22、s. A left B has left C leave D would leave 答案： A 试题分析：句意：我本想在我离开佛罗伦萨前参观画廊，但是星期天关门。这里用 had wanted to have done表示 “本来想做 却没有做 ”，是一种虚拟语气，而我离开佛罗伦萨是过去的事实，所以选 A. 考点：考查时态 It has been so foggy recently. Cheer up! The fog to clear up from tomorrow. A expects B is expected , C will expect D will be expected 答案
23、： B 试题分析：句意： -最近一直有雾。 -振作起来！从明天大雾有望散去。因为the fog和 expect是被动关系，而且是陈述的现在的事实，所以用一般现在时，所以选 B. 考点：考查时态语态 完型填空 This was my grandmothers first Christmas without grandfather, and before he passed away we had promised grandfather that we would make this her best Christmas ever. When my parents and I at her ho
24、use, we found she had waited up all night for us. The house did seem a little without grandfather. Grandfather had always said that the Christmas was the most important decoration of all. So we immediately set to work on the beautiful artificial tree that was stored in grandfathers closet (壁橱 ). Thr
25、ough our efforts, we finally stepped back to our handiwork. It looked beautiful. something was missing. Where s your star I asked. The star was my grandmother s favorite part of the tree. Why, it be here somewhere, she said, starting to sort through the boxes again. Your grandfather always everythin
26、g so carefully when he took the tree down. As we emptied the boxes and no star, my grandmothers eyes filled with tears. Grandfather had given it to grandmother some fifty years ago on their first Christmas together. It brought them great happiness. Now, on her first Christmas without him, the star w
27、as , too. Don t worry, Grandmother, I her. Well find it for you. My mother and I formed a search . Let s start in on the closet where the ornaments (装饰品 ) were, Mother said. Maybe the star just fell out of the box. That sounded , so I began to search the closet. I thought I tried every , but no star
28、. I could see grandmother was , although she tried not to show it. Whats in this wrapped box Mother suddenly called out. It was at the bottom of fathers closet. Grandmother took the box in and opened it. Her face when she unfolded the paper and pulled out a golden star. There was a(n) attached. Don
29、t be angry with me, dear. I broke your star while packing the decorations, and I couldnt to tell you. Thought it was time for a new one. I hope it brings you as much as the first one. Merry Christmas! Love, Bryant So grandmothers tree had a star after all, a star that expressed their everlasting lov
30、e for one another. And we were glad we were able to make this Christmas for her. 【小题1】 A arrived B looked C stayed D worked A noisy B empty C safe D clean A flower B bell C stocking D tree A admire B repair C paint D design A Or B So C But D And A might B must C need D will A packed B decided C cove
31、red D searched A made B left C found D felt A gone B hidden C broken D forgotten A warned B persuaded C reminded D comforted A game B class C company D party A challenging B reasonable C pleasant D difficult A suggestion B direction C possibility D method A ashamed B annoyed C disappointed D frighte
32、ned A fear B relief C anger D surprise A cleared B brightened C darkened D tightened A article B note C receipt D poem A bear B afford C wait D agree A peace B change C luck D joy A special B funny C relaxing D favorite 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 C 【小题 6】 B 【小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 C 【小题
33、9】 A 【小题 10】 D 【小题 11】 D 【小题 12】 B 【小题 13】 C 【小题 14】 C 【小题 15】 D 【小题 16】 B 【小题 17】 B 【小题 18】 A 【小题 19】 D 【小题 20】 A 试题分析：文章讲述爷爷过世后，我们去陪奶奶过一个特殊的圣诞节，圣诞节那天我们找不到爷爷 50年前送给奶奶的星星，奶奶很难过，但是奶奶收到了爷爷去世前留给她的圣诞节礼物。 【小题 1】考查动词辨析： A. arrived到达， B. looked 看， C. stayed 停留， D. worked工作，当我们到达的时候，选 A 【小题 2】考查形容词辨析： A. no
34、isy嘈杂的 ， B. empty空的， C. safe安全的，D. clean干净的，爷爷去世了，因此在他们到家的时候，家里有些空，因此要用empty。选 B 【小题 3】考查名词辨析： A. flower花， B. bell铃， C. stocking长袜， D. tree树，根据下文中的 tree that was stored in Grandfathers closet 可知此处指圣诞树是最重要的，因此要用 tree。选 D 【小题 4】考查动词辨析： A. admire敬佩，欣赏， B. repair 修理， C. paint画，粉刷， D. design设计，我们将圣诞树组装好后
35、，退后几步开始欣赏 (admire)自己的作品。选 A 【小题 5】考查连词辨析： A. Or或者， B. So因此， C. But但是， D. And并且，从下文找星星的内容可知是有东西丢失了，表示转折关系，选 C 【小题 6】考查情态动词辨析： A. might可能， B. must必须， C. need需要， D. will将会，奶奶说： “星星一定是在什么地方，选 B 【小题 7】考查动词辨析： A. packed收拾， B. decided决定， C. covered覆盖，D. searched寻找，爷爷在收拾东西的时候总是很仔细的，选 A 【小题 8】考查动词辨析： A. made
36、制作， B. left离开， C. found发现， D. felt感觉，我们把抽屉倒空了，没有发现星星，选 C 【小题 9】考查动词辨析： A. gone 没有了， B. hidden 躲藏， C. broken破坏的，D. forgotten忘记的，根据语境可知：在爷爷去世后的第一个圣诞节，星星也不见了。选 A 【小题 10】考查动词辨析： A. warned警告， B. persuaded 说服， C. reminded提醒， D. comforted安慰， 从上文的： Don t worry, Grandmother,可知我在安慰她，选 D 【小题 11】考查名词辨析： A. game
37、游戏， B. class班级， C. company公司， D. party社交聚会，党，党派，当事人，同类，伙伴，妈妈和我组成了搜寻小组。选 D 【小题 12】考查形容词辨析： A. challenging有挑战的， B. reasonable合理的，C. pleasant令人愉快的， D. difficult困难的，那听起来是合理的，所以我们开始从橱柜开始找，选 B 【小题 13】考查名词辨析： A. suggestion建议， B. direction方向， C. possibility可能， D. method方法，我想我试了所有的可能，但是没有找到星星，选 C 【小题 14】考查形容
38、词辨析： A. ashamed羞愧的， B. annoyed 生气的， C. disappointed 失望的， D. frightened 害怕的，找不到星星，奶奶当然是非常失望，因此要用 disappointed。选 C 【小题 15】考查名词辨析： A. fear害怕， B. relief宽慰， C. anger生气， D. surprise惊讶，奶奶惊讶的拿起盒子，选 D 【小题 16】考查动词辨析： A. cleared清除， B. brightened点亮， C. darkened变暗， D. tightened变紧，当她打开纸，拿出一个金色的星星的时候，她的脸上发出光彩，选 B
39、【小题 17】考查名词辨析： A. article文章， B. note便条， C. receipt收据， D. poem诗歌，从下文的内容，可知星星上附上了一张字条，选 B 【小题 18】考查动词辨析： A. bear容忍， B. afford负担， C. wait等待， D. agree同意，我不能忍受告诉你这件事，选 A 【小题 19】考查名词辨析： A. peace和平， B. change 改变， C. luck 运气， D. joy快乐，根据最后一段中所叙述的内容可知，爷爷放圣诞树时弄坏了原来的那颗星星，又送给奶奶一颗新的，希望它能让奶奶像以前一样快乐 D 【小题 20】考查形容词
40、辨析： A. special特殊的， B. funny滑稽的， C. relaxing放松的， D. favorite最喜欢的，我们很高兴给她这个特殊的圣诞节，选 A 考点：考查故事类短文 阅读理解 Whether we should allow marine (海洋的 ) parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about it. Smith, a sociologist, argue
41、d that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals. As this argument goes, most Australians live in cities and never get to see these animals. Marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, in fact, there are many pla
42、ces where they can be seen in the wild. Moreover, these places do not charge an overpriced entry fee they are free. Dr. Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, insists that we need marine parks for scientific research. She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals
43、 comes from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge which is obtained at marine parks can be useful for planning for the preservation of marine mammal species. However, Jones, a zoologist, explains that park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not us
44、eful for learning about animals in the wild. Their diets are different, they have significantly lower life lengths and they are more likely to have a disease. In addition, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed. The Marine Park
45、Owners Association holds that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists. This position goes on to state that these tourists spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still come to Australia if t
46、he parks were closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld. Tourists come here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and concrete pools. They can see animals
47、in those conditions in their own countries. In a word, perhaps an agreement cannot be reached now. However, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us 【小题 1】 Who support(s) the idea of closing marine
48、 parks A Most Australians. B Alison Lane. C Smith. D Jones. 【小题 2】 What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3 A The results from studies are valuable in animal preservation. B Scientific research at the marine parks has its limitations. C Captive animals have biology changes in marine parks. D Human behavior causes harmful effects on the animals. 【小题 3】 Which is NOT the reason to keep marine parks A For entertainment purpose. B For scientific research purpose. C For economic purpose. D For political purpose. 【小题 4】 The author tries to
