1、2014届高考阅读理解全程冲刺训练（ 1）英语试卷与答案（带解析） 阅读理解 It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生产商 ) follow certain uniform standards for various features(特征 ) of clothes. What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your
2、clothes button. Mens clothes tend to button from the right, and womens from the left. Considering most of the worlds population-men and women-are right-handed, the mens standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do womens clothes button from the left History really seems to matter he
3、re. Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having womens shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having mens shirts button from the right made sense, too. Most
4、 men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt. Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting Actually, a standard, once set, resists change. At a
5、 time when all womens shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer womens shirts that buttoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides,
6、 some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing mens shirts. 【小题 1】 What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry A It has been followed by the industry fo
7、r over 400 years. B It is different for mens clothing and womens. C It woks better with men than with women. D It fails to consider right-handed people. 【小题 2】 What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century A They tended to wear clothes without buttons. B They were interested in the historic
8、al matters. C They were mostly dressed by servants. D They drew their swords from the left. 【小题 3】 Womens clothes still button from the left today because. A adopting mens style is improper for women B manufacturers should follow standards C modern women dress themselves D customs are hard to change
9、 【小题 4】 The passage is mainly developed by. A analyzing causes B making comparisons C examining differences D following the time order 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 A 【小题 4】 A It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries.
10、 As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆 ). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wifes right to receive a tenth of
11、 all her husbands property. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference i
12、n the legal status of husband and wife. The wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fig
13、hting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assignin
14、g her a piece of land from Miros personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.
15、【小题 1】 Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to_. A give a woman the right to receive all her husbands property B help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family C protect a woman against the risk of desertion D both A and C 【小题 2】 According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marr
16、iage was_. A higher than that of a single woman B higher than that of her husband C lower than that of her husband D the same as that of her husband 【小题 3】 Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas A To show that the wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property. B To
17、show that the wife can defend her own inheritance. C To prove that women have powerful position. D To illustrate how women win her property. 【小题 4】 The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is_. A some of the land Miro had inherited B a tenth of Miros land C money for household expenses D money
18、 form Miros inheritance 【小题 5】 The authors attitude towards Maria Vivas is_. A sympathetic B disapproval C indifferent D objective 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 D 欧洲南部的妇女在 10 和 11 世纪时享有较高的社会地位，这并未获得广泛认识。作为一个妻子，女性的地位受到其嫁妆的保护。诚然，嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃 ;但是，它在当时家庭和社会现实生活中起着更重要的作用。妻子的嫁妆使她有权获得其丈
19、夫十分之一的财物。妻子有权利拒绝丈夫所做的任何交易，但这不仅仅只是一项权利而已 ;文件表明她与丈夫一样平等地享有真正的决定权。文件没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何差别。 妻子享有管理丈夫私人财产的权利，但是反之则不然。如果丈夫要越权侵犯她们的利益，女性们会时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还会表现出一种坚强的斗争精神。 Maria Vivas就是一个典型的例子。为了家庭的需要，她同意其丈夫 Miro出售一块属于她的土地，但是她坚持要求获得补偿。但是丈夫没有给她提供补偿，于是她把丈夫拖到一个文书处，起草了一份合同，成功地把他丈夫的一块私人土地划归自己。正如合同所写的， “为了和平 ”，这个不
20、幸的丈夫不得不同意。要么借助嫁妆，要么通过发脾气，妻子知道如何在家庭中为自己赢得强大的经济地位。 【小题 1】 C 推断题。本文介绍了欧洲南部 10和 11世纪嫁妆对女性在婚姻中地位的重要性。虽然嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃，但实际上 它的作用远远不止于此。它使妻子在婚姻中的地位与丈夫平等，并保障了妻子的经济利益。女性在维护自己的利益上，是很坚定果敢的， Maria Vivas就是一个例子。见第一段第三句， “Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion.”，虽然在实际生活中嫁
21、妆有更重要的作用，但最初它的作用只是为了防范女性被丈夫抛弃，所以 C为正确答案：。 【小题 2】 D 细节题。根据本文，妻子在婚姻中的法律地位和丈夫是平等 的。见第一段最后一句， “In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife”文件中并没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何的差别，也就是说他们的地位是平等的，所以 D为正确答案：。 【小题 3】 B 推断题。作者举 Maria Vivas的事例，是为了说明妻子是能够捍卫自己的利益的。见第二段
22、第二句， “Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance.they showed a fine fighting spirit.”如果丈夫要侵占自己的利益，女性们就时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还表现出很强的斗争精神。接下来作者就举了 Maria Vivas的例子，说明女性是有能力捍卫自己的利益的。所以 B为正确答案：。 【小题 4】 A 细节题。 Maria Vivas得到的一份作为补偿的土地，本来是属于Miro的个人财产。见第二段第五句， “None being offered, she succeede
23、d in. assigning her a piece of land from Miros personal inheritance”由此知 A为正确答案：。 【小题 5】 D 推断题。作者对 Maria Vivas所持的态度是客观的。作者客观地介绍了 Maria Vivas的事例，并没有表示出同情、不满或者是漠不关心，所以 A、B、 C都是错误答案：。 Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands. Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldnt fo
24、rget that Charles Darwin (1809-1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired (启发 ) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwins footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands. Th
25、e islands are certainly a paradise (天堂 ) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as impressive as it could be. The most well-known anima
26、l of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型海龟 ), which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Sanra Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛 ). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself. Despite strict control over acti
27、vities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures: diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and, most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.
28、Travelling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they
29、 have been since the beginning of time. 【小题 1】 What do we know about Darwins visit to the islands A He studied different creatures on the islands B He completed his famous book on the islands C He was touched by the geography of the islands D He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands 【小题
30、 2】 Which of the following plays a role in making the islands a paradise for wildlife A Animals on the islands feed on grass. B Local government forbids killing wildlife. C People cannot visit the islands as they wish. D Tourists are not allowed to touch the animals. 【小题 3】 Your stay on the islands
31、will be most impressive mainly because of_. A The beautiful sea views B Darwins inspiring trip C a closer view of animals D various daring activities 【小题 4】 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage A A Unique Attraction for Wildlife Lovers B Calapagos as a Paradise for Adventures C Charles Darwin as a Symbol of Galapagos D A Successful Example of Wildlife Protection 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 A
